Relation between calcium intake and fat oxidation in adult humans

Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Feb;27(2):196-203. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.802202.

Abstract

Objective: To determine if total calcium (Ca(2+)) intake and intake of Ca(2+) from dairy sources are related to whole-body fat oxidation.

Design: : Cross-sectional study.

Subjects: A total of 35 (21 m, 14 f) non-obese, healthy adults (mean+/-s.d., age: 31+/-6 y; weight: 71.2+/-12.3 kg; BMI: 23.7+/-2.9 kg m(-2); body fat: 21.4+/-5.4%).

Measurements: Daily (24 h) energy expenditure (EE) and macronutrient oxidation using whole-room indirect calorimetry; habitual Ca(2+) intake estimated from analysis of 4-day food records; acute Ca(2+) intake estimated from measured food intake during a 24-h stay in a room calorimeter.

Results: Acute Ca(2+) intake (mg. kcal(-1)) was positively correlated with fat oxidation over 24 h (r=0.38, P=0.03), during sleep (r=0.36, P=0.04), and during light physical activity (r=0.32, P=0.07). Acute Ca(2+) intake was inversely correlated with 24-h respiratory quotient (RQ) (r=-0.36, P=0.04) and RQ during sleep (r=-0.31, P=0.07). After adjustment for fat mass, fat-free mass, energy balance, acute fat intake, and habitual fat intake, acute Ca(2+) intake explained approximately 10% of the variance in 24-h fat oxidation. Habitual Ca(2+) intake was not significantly correlated to fat oxidation or RQ. Total Ca(2+) intake and Ca(2+) intake from dairy sources were similarly correlated with fat oxidation. In backwards stepwise models, total Ca(2+) intake was a stronger predictor of 24 h fat oxidation than dairy Ca(2+) intake.

Conclusion: Higher acute Ca(2+) intake is associated with higher rates of whole-body fat oxidation. These effects were apparent over 24 h, during sleep and, to a lesser extent, during light physical activity. Calcium intake from dairy sources was not a more important predictor of fat oxidation than total Ca(2+) intake.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Calcium, Dietary / administration & dosage*
  • Calcium, Dietary / pharmacology
  • Calorimetry, Indirect
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Dairy Products / analysis
  • Energy Metabolism / physiology
  • Exercise / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lipid Metabolism*
  • Lipolysis / drug effects
  • Lipolysis / physiology
  • Male
  • Oxidation-Reduction / drug effects
  • Sleep / physiology

Substances

  • Calcium, Dietary