Combined effects of gender, skin type and polymorphic genes on clinical phenotype: use of rate of increase in numbers of basal cell carcinomas as a model system

Cancer Lett. 2003 Jan 28;189(2):175-81. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3835(02)00516-5.

Abstract

Patients with a basal cell carcinomas (BCC) have an increased risk of further tumors. We studied the individual and combined impact of gender, skin type and allelic genes cytochrome P450 (CYP2D6), vitamin D receptor (VDR), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-alpha) on the rate of increase in BCC numbers after first presentation. Individually, male gender, skin type 1, CYP2D6 EM, VDR TT and TNF-alpha GG were associated with more BCC/year (rate ratio (RR) 1.20-1.36) while RR for associations of combinations of two, three and four variables were greater than in their reference categories (RR 1.32-1.90, 2.20-2.84, 3.06-5.49, respectively). The data show that different factors mediate the numbers of BCC/year in males and females and, the individual contributions of variables to risk is modest.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Basal Cell / epidemiology*
  • Carcinoma, Basal Cell / etiology
  • Carcinoma, Basal Cell / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / genetics
  • DNA, Neoplasm / genetics
  • England / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / epidemiology*
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / etiology
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / genetics
  • Phenotype
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Receptors, Calcitriol / genetics
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors
  • Skin Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Skin Neoplasms / etiology
  • Skin Neoplasms / genetics
  • Skin Pigmentation
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics

Substances

  • DNA, Neoplasm
  • Receptors, Calcitriol
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6