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    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 29;99(22):14286-91. Epub 2002 Oct 17.

    A test of evolutionary theories of aging.

    Source

    School of Integrative Biology and Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. kahughes@uiuc.edu

    Abstract

    Senescence is a nearly universal feature of multicellular organisms, and understanding why it occurs is a long-standing problem in biology. The two leading theories posit that aging is due to (i) pleiotropic genes with beneficial early-life effects but deleterious late-life effects ("antagonistic pleiotropy") or (ii) mutations with purely deleterious late-life effects ("mutation accumulation"). Previous attempts to distinguish these theories have been inconclusive because of a lack of unambiguous, contrasting predictions. We conducted experiments with Drosophila based on recent population-genetic models that yield contrasting predictions. Genetic variation and inbreeding effects increased dramatically with age, as predicted by the mutation theory. This increase occurs because genes with deleterious effects with a late age of onset are unopposed by natural selection. Our findings provide the strongest support yet for the mutation theory.

    PMID:
    12386342
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
    PMCID:
    PMC137876
    Free PMC Article

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