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    Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2002 Aug 15;104(2):159-69.

    Cyclooxygenase-2 modulates brain inflammation-related gene expression in central nervous system radiation injury.

    Kyrkanides S, Moore AH, Olschowka JA, Daeschner JC, Williams JP, Hansen JT, Kerry O'Banion M.

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    Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.

    Abstract

    Although the contribution of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to peripheral inflammation is well documented, little is known about its role in brain inflammation. For this purpose we studied COX-2 expression in the mouse brain following ionizing radiation in vivo, as well as in murine glial cell cultures in vitro. The possible role of COX-2 in modulating brain inflammation was examined utilizing NS-398, a COX-2 selective inhibitor. Our results indicate that COX-2 is significantly induced in astrocyte and microglial cultures by radiation injury as well as in brain. Increased levels of prostaglandin E(2) in irradiated brain were reduced by NS-398. Moreover, NS-398 administration significantly attenuated levels of induction for the majority of inflammatory mediators examined, including TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, iNOS, ICAM-1, and MMP-9. In contrast, the chemokines MIP-2 and MCP-1 showed enhanced levels of induction following NS-398 administration. These results indicate that COX-2 modulates the inflammatory response in brain following radiation injury, and suggest the use of COX-2 selective inhibitors for the management of CNS inflammation.

    PMID:
    12225870
    [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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