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Four hundred-million-year-old vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae.
Forschungsstelle für Paläobotanik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
The discovery of arbuscules in Aglaophyton major, an Early Devonian land plant, provides unequivocal evidence that mycorrhizae were established >400 million years ago. Nonseptate hyphac and arbuscules occur in a specialized meristematic region of the cortex that continually provided new cells for fungal infection. Arbuscules are morphologically identical to those of living arbuscular mycorrhizae in consisting of a basal trunk and repeatedly branched bush-like tuft within the plant cell. Although interpretations of the evolution of mycorrhizal mutualisms continue to be speculative, the existence of arbuscules in the Early Devonian indicates that nutrient transfer mutualism may have been in existence when plants invaded the land.
PMID: 11607500 [PubMed]
PMCID: PMC45331
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Cited by 30 PubMed Central articles
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ReviewCommon themes in nutrient acquisition by plant symbiotic microbes, described by the Gene Ontology.
Chibucos MC, Tyler BM.
BMC Microbiol. 2009 Feb 19; 9 Suppl 1:S6. Epub 2009 Feb 19.
[BMC Microbiol. 2009]
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Recombination in Glomus intraradices, a supposed ancient asexual arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus.
Croll D, Sanders IR.
BMC Evol Biol. 2009 Jan 15; 9:13. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
[BMC Evol Biol. 2009]
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CYCLOPS, a mediator of symbiotic intracellular accommodation.
Yano K, Yoshida S, Müller J, Singh S, Banba M, Vickers K, Markmann K, White C, Schuller B, Sato S, et al.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Dec 23; 105(51):20540-5. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
[Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008]
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