Background: Histopathologically, the diagnosis of nevus-associated melanoma or melanoma close to a common nevus can be missed if the specimen is cut in a nonrepresentative area or if the section shows only the associated common nevus.
Objective: To find out whether dermatoscopy of suspicious areas within a nevus can improve the histological diagnosis of malignant melanocytic lesions of the skin.
Materials: The study was based on dermatoscopic images of more than 2000 benign and 115 malignant pigmented lesions and a collection of corresponding histopathologic slides.
Methods: The dermatoscopic images and the corresponding histopathologic diagnoses were compared. In case of differences, the histopathologic findings were reevaluated and compared with the dermatoscopic findings.
Results: Three cases were identified in which melanoma could have been histopathologically missed as a result of improper sectioning. After the dermatoscopic findings were evaluated, the specimens were reembedded and further sections were obtained. Finally, nevus-associated melanoma or melanoma close to a common nevus was diagnosed.
Conclusions: Specific dermatoscopic patterns of malignancy can be found in highly suspicious areas, eg, broadened networks, radial streaming, pseudopods, or dots located at the periphery. The dermatoscopic-histopathologic correlation can improve the diagnosis of melanoma. Therefore, the clinician should point to the most suspicious area with a drawing or image, and the suspected diagnosis of melanoma and the history of the lesion should be also mentioned.