PMC

A fan with plastic green ribbons attached to it (and a curious subject).

Mean frequency of gazes directed towards the informant during Phase 1 for dogs in the owner-positive, owner-negative, stranger-positive and stranger-negative groups. The bar represents the standard error (SE).

Mean duration (in seconds) of time spent closest to the fan in Phase 2 for dogs in the owner-positive, stranger-positive, owner-negative and stranger-negative groups. The bar represents the standard error (SE); * p<0.05, **p<0.001.

Mean duration (in seconds) of time spent closest to the door (hence farthest from the fan) in Phase 1 for dogs in the owner-positive, stranger-positive and owner-negative, stranger-negative groups. The bar represents the standard error (SE); * p<0.05, **p<0.001.

The experimental room showing the Fan-zone (Zone 1: 230×85cm) and the Door-zone (Zone 2: 230×85cm). The dog is represented next to the informant (the standing person) in the location where it was first released (L1). Both the informant and the seated person remained in the same position throughout the test.