PMC

Scale-free networks are shown in blue, random networks in green, and the San Diego network in gray. The San Diego network values correspond with the power of the Network Statistic in .

Treatment efficacies of 10%, 20%, and 30% are shown. ‘All community nodes’ corresponds with the power of the Network Statistic in .

The Network Statistic values are blue dots. The power of the Number Infected Statistic for a given efficacy is a solid red line.

The clinical trial depicted here has a treatment efficacy of 25% (3 participants on treatment, shown in white, versus 4 on placebo, shown in gray) with an edge removal rate of 40% (2 out of 5 edges connected to infected treatment cases). (a) First, the network is constructed using a synonymous sequence divergence cut-off. (b) Next, trial status is assigned: treatment in white, placebo in gray, and community members in black. Treatment nodes are infected at a reduced rate reflecting treatment efficacy. (c) Edges are then removed from treatment nodes at a given rate to represent the reduction in transmission due to delay in infection and reduction in forward transmission. The metrics are then calculated. The Network Statistic metric is 6 for treatment and 9 for placebo; the Number Infected Statistic is 3 for treatment and 4 for placebo. (d) Finally, a permutation test to determine significance is performed on the modified network by randomizing the assignment of treatment and placebo. Community nodes remain unaltered by the permutation.