PMC

Sampling sites. Topographic Map of Cameroon showing the study area divided into four ecological zones (A–D) and villages sampled in each zone (dots). Dotted lines delimit biogeographic domains as defined in . Elevation Source: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/srtm

Eco-geographical chromosome inversion distributions. CCA diagram showing the ordination of chromosomal inversions for each homozygote (standard or inverted) along the first two canonical axes (explaining 89.7% of variance). Open triangles represent STANDARD homokaryotes. Full triangles represent INVERTED homokaryotes. EGVs are passively plotted on the graph. Alt, altitude; temp, temperature; rain, rainfall; lat, latitude; long, longitude; WVP: water vapor pressure.

Neutrality tests. single-locus F_ST estimates among geographic populations of A. funestus in Cameroon, plotted against expected heterozygosity (). (A) Data from 16 microsatellites markers located inside (circles) and outside (triangles) common polymorphic chromosomal inversions. (B) Data form seven chromosomal inversion systems. In both panels, outlier loci are pointed by arrows and referred to by their names. Dashed lines and solid lines represent the 95% and 99% confidence limits under the hypothesis of neutrality of the loci, respectively.