PMC

Dynamics of NoV genotypes in children of ≤5 years of age with acute diarrhea in the period between March 2005 and February 2006. Of the genotyped strains, 97% were from children of ≤2 years of age. Feb, February; Mar, March; Apr, April; Jun, June; Jul, July; Aug, August; Sep, September; Oct, October; Nov, November; Dec, December; Jan, January; -05, 2005; -06, 2006.

Viral load determined by genome equivalents per gram of feces. (A) GII.X represents GII.2, GII.7, GII.17, and “GII.18.” (B) Shedding in children infected with GII.4 virus and requiring either intravenous rehydration (plan C), active oral treatment with oral rehydration solution in the health center (plan B), or oral rehydration at home (plan A). Boxes represent interquartile ranges that contain 50% of the values. Lines across the boxes indicate medians.

Phylogenetic analysis of the capsid NS region of GII NoV strains (n = 34). The tree was constructed based on the Kimura two-parameter and neighbor-joining methods by use of MEGA 3.1 software. Bootstrap values are shown at the branch nodes (values of <50% are not shown). GI.1 NV-USA 93 was used as the out-group. The black squares represent reference strains. For Nicaraguan strains, the number of the strain is given followed by patient hospitalization or community status (HO or CO, respectively), the patient rehydration plan (A, B, or C), the date of sample collection (see Fig. legend for abbreviations), and the age of the child (mo, months).