|
|
J Clin Invest. 1980 June; 65(6): 1265–1271. doi: 10.1172/JCI109789. | PMCID: PMC371463 |
Eosinopenia of Acute Infection PRODUCTION OF EOSINOPENIA BY CHEMOTACTIC FACTORS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION David A. Bass, Thomas A. Gonwa, Pamela Szejda, M. Susan Cousart, Lawrence R. DeChatelet, and Charles E. McCall Department of Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103 Department of Biochemistry, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103 Abstract One distinctive aspect of the response to acute inflammation involves a rapid and persistent decrease in the numbers of circulating eosinophils, yet the mechanisms of this eosinopenia are undefined. One possibility is that the abrupt eosinopenia may be the result of release of small amounts of the chemotactic factors of acute inflammation into the circulation. These studies were designed to examine the numbers of circulating eosinophils after an intravenous injection of zymosan-activated serum, partially purified C5a or the synthetic peptide, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Each of these factors caused a virtual disappearance of circulating eosinophils within 1 min, a transient return of eosinophils to ~50% of control levels after 10-90 min, and a subsequent decrease which persisted for 5 h. In contrast, the numbers of circulating heterophils, although dropping transiently, rapidly returned and rose to elevated levels for 6 h after injection. The response was not caused by adrenal mediation as it occurred normally in adrenalectomized rabbits. Two chemotaxins of allergic inflammation, histamine and the tetrapeptide valine-glycine-serine-glutamic acid, did not cause significant eosinopenia. Circulating granulocytes of patients undergoing hemodialysis, which has been reported to activate complement, demonstrated similar eosinopenic and neutropenic-neutrophilic responses. Thus, in rabbits and in man, intravascular activation or injection of chemotactic factors (C5a or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) causes a brief, nonspecific granulocytopenia followed by a prolonged eosinopenic-neutrophilic response analogous to that seen during acute infection. Full text Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.0M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References. These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article. - Bass DA. Behavior of eosinophil leukocytes in acute inflammation. I. Lack of dependence on adrenal function. J Clin Invest. 1975 Jun;55(6):1229–1236. [PubMed]
- Bass DA. Behavior of eosinophil leukocytes in acute inflammation. II. Eosinophil dynamics during acute inflammation. J Clin Invest. 1975 Oct;56(4):870–879. [PubMed]
- Bass DA. Reproduction of the eosinopenia of acute infection by passive transfer of a material obtained from inflammatory exudate. Infect Immun. 1977 Feb;15(2):410–416. [PubMed]
- Fernandez HN, Henson PM, Otani A, Hugli TE. Chemotactic response to human C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins. I. Evaluation of C3a and C5a leukotaxis in vitro and under stimulated in vivo conditions. J Immunol. 1978 Jan;120(1):109–115. [PubMed]
- Lachmann PJ, Kay AB, Thompson RA. The chemotactic activity for neutrophil and eosinophil leucocytes of the trimolecular complex of the fifth, sixth and seventh components of human complement (C567) prepared in free solution by the 'reactive lysis' procedure. Immunology. 1970 Dec;19(6):895–899. [PubMed]
- Kay AB, Pepper DS, McKenzie R. The identification of fibrinopeptide B as a chemotactic agent derived from human fibrinogen. Br J Haematol. 1974 Aug;27(4):669–677. [PubMed]
- Schiffmann E, Corcoran BA, Wahl SM. N-formylmethionyl peptides as chemoattractants for leucocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Mar;72(3):1059–1062. [PubMed]
- Robinson LD, Wooten SK, Miller ME. Partial characterization of in vivo chemotactic activity: comparison to human C5a. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1977 May;59(5):353–358. [PubMed]
- McCall CE, De Chatelet LR, Brown D, Lachmann P. New biological activity following intravascular activation of the complement cascade. Nature. 1974 Jun 28;249(460):841–843. [PubMed]
- Craddock PR, Fehr J, Dalmasso AP, Brighan KL, Jacob HS. Hemodialysis leukopenia. Pulmonary vascular leukostasis resulting from complement activation by dialyzer cellophane membranes. J Clin Invest. 1977 May;59(5):879–888. [PubMed]
- O'Flaherty JT, Craddock PR, Jacob HS. Effect of intravascular complement activation on granulocyte adhesiveness and distribution. Blood. 1978 Apr;51(4):731–739. [PubMed]
- Basten A, Boyer MH, Beeson PB. Mechanism of eosinophilia. I. Factors affecting the eosinophil response of rats to Trichinella spiralis. J Exp Med. 1970 Jun 1;131(6):1271–1287. [PubMed]
- Fernandez HN, Hugli TE. Partial characterization of human C5a anaphylatoxin. I. Chemical description of the carbohydrate and polypeptide prtions of human C5a. J Immunol. 1976 Nov;117(5 Pt 1):1688–1694. [PubMed]
- McCall CE, Bass DA, Cousart S, DeChatelet LR. Enhancement of hexose uptake in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by activated complement component C5a. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):5896–5900. [PubMed]
- Bass DA, Dechatelet LR, McCall CE. Independent stimulation of motility and the oxidative metabolic burst of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Immunol. 1978 Jul;121(1):172–178. [PubMed]
- Braunsteiner H, Dienstl F. Hemmung des Eosinophilensturzes nach Adrenalin durch Blockade adrenerger beta-Receptoren. Klin Wochenschr. 1967 Jan 1;45(1):48–49. [PubMed]
- Koch-Weser J. Beta adrenergic blockade and circulating eosinophils. Arch Intern Med. 1968 Mar;121(3):255–258. [PubMed]
- Goetzl EJ, Austen KF. Stimulation of human neutrophil leukocyte aerobic glucose metabolism by purified chemotactic factors. J Clin Invest. 1974 Feb;53(2):591–599. [PubMed]
- Goldstein IM, Feit F, Weissmann G. Enhancement of nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by leukocytes exposed to a component of complement in the absence of phagocytosis. J Immunol. 1975 Jan;114(1 Pt 2):516–518. [PubMed]
- Becker EL, Showell HJ, Henson PM, Hsu LS. The ability of chemotactic factors to induce lysosomal enzyme release. I. The characteristics of the release, the importance of surfaces and the relation of enzyme release to chemotactic responsiveness. J Immunol. 1974 Jun;112(6):2047–2054. [PubMed]
- Showell HJ, Freer RJ, Zigmond SH, Schiffmann E, Aswanikumar S, Corcoran B, Becker EL. The structure-activity relations of synthetic peptides as chemotactic factors and inducers of lysosomal secretion for neutrophils. J Exp Med. 1976 May 1;143(5):1154–1169. [PubMed]
- Czarnetzki BM, König W, Lichtenstein LM. Eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF). I. Release from polymorphonuclear leukocytes by the calcium ionophore A23187. J Immunol. 1976 Jul;117(1):229–234. [PubMed]
- Hook WA, Siraganian RP, Wahl SM. Complement-induced histamine release from human basophils. I. Generation of activity in human serum. J Immunol. 1975 Apr;114(4):1185–1190. [PubMed]
- Hook WA, Schiffmann E, Aswanikumar S, Siraganian RP. Histamine release by chemotactic, formyl methionine-containing peptides. J Immunol. 1976 Aug;117(2):594–596. [PubMed]
- Dahl R, Venge P, Olsson I. Variations of blood eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein in serum in patients with bronchial asthma. Studies during inhalation challenge test. Allergy. 1978 Aug;33(4):211–215. [PubMed]
- Goetzl EJ, Austen KF. Purification and synthesis of eosinophilotactic tetrapeptides of human lung tissue: identification as eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Oct;72(10):4123–4127. [PubMed]
- Clark RA, Gallin JI, Kaplan AP. The selective eosinophil chemotactic activity of histamine. J Exp Med. 1975 Dec 1;142(6):1462–1476. [PubMed]
- LAST JH, JORDAN P, PITESKY I, BOND E. The eosinophil response: immediate vs. delayed eosinopenia. Science. 1950 Jul 14;112(2898):47–49. [PubMed]
|
This article has been