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Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1978 August; 14(2): 172–177. | PMCID: PMC352429 |
Pharmacokinetics of Cefaclor and Cephalexin: Dosage Nomograms for Impaired Renal Function Daniel A. Spyker,1 Bruce L. Thomas,2 Merle A. Sande,3 and W. Kline Bolton2 1Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 3Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 2Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 Abstract The pharmacokinetics of cefaclor and cephalexin were characterized in patients with creatinine clearances ranging from 0 to 147 ml/min. Each of 24 fasted subjects received a single 500-mg oral dose of cefaclor, and 13 of these subjects later received 500 mg of cephalexin. Serum and urine levels of the antibiotics were measured by bioassay. The serum half-lives were highly correlated with corrected creatinine clearance (cefaclor r = 0.92, cephalexin r = 0.94). Linear regression estimates of the half-life of cefaclor were 2.3 h in the anephric patient and 40 min in the patient with a corrected creatinine clearance of 100 ml/min. For cephalexin, corresponding half-lives were 15.4 h and 58 min. We present a dosage nomogram for calculating the appropriate adjustments to the loading dose based on patient weight and maintenence dose based on corrected creatinine clearance. Full text Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (711K), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References. These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article. - Bloch R, Szwed JJ, Sloan RS, Luft FC. Pharmacokinetics of cefaclor in normal subjects and patients with chronic renal failure. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1977 Dec;12(6):730–732. [PubMed]
- Brogard JM, Pinget M, Dorner M, Lavillaureix J. Determination of cefalexin pharmacokinetics and dosage adjustments in relation to renal function. J Clin Pharmacol. 1975 Oct;15(10):666–673. [PubMed]
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- Spyker DA, Rugloski RJ, Vann RL, O'Brien WM. Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin: dose dependence after intravenous, oral, and intramuscular administration. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1977 Jan;11(1):132–141. [PubMed]
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