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TABLE 2
Standardized Health Characteristics of Participants, by Sexual Orientation Identity and Gender (N = 67 359): Massachusetts Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey Respondents, 2001–2008
| Heterosexual (n = 65 088) | Gay or Lesbian (n = 1645) | Bisexual (n = 626) | ||||||||
| All | Men | Women | All | Men | Women | All | Men | Women | ||
| No.a | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | |
| Health care access | ||||||||||
| No health insurance | 67 224 | 9.3 (0.2) | 11.5 (0.3) | 7.1 (0.2) | 9.6 (1.2) | 12.3 (1.9) | 7.0 (1.4) | 18.3 (2.6) | 23.7 (4.8) | 12.9 (2.3) |
| No regular provider | 67 231 | 13.8 (0.2) | 18.5 (0.4) | 9.2 (0.2) | 13.1 (1.6) | 14.9 (2.1) | 11.3 (2.3) | 22.4 (2.6) | 28.8 (4.6) | 16.1 (2.5) |
| No dental cleaning, prior year | 32 842 | 21.6 (0.4) | 24.7 (0.6) | 18.6 (0.4) | 22.9 (2.7) | 24.7 (3.4) | 21.2 (4.1) | 31.8 (4.3) | 34.7 (7.3) | 29.0 (4.6) |
| General health | ||||||||||
| Fair/poor self-rated health | 67 047 | 9.7 (0.2) | 9.3 (0.3) | 10.1 (0.2) | 9.8 (1.0) | 8.9 (1.4) | 10.6 (1.5) | 22.0 (2.8) | 24.7 (4.9) | 19.4 (2.8) |
| Activity limitation caused by disability | 63 635 | 14.9 (0.2) | 13.9 (0.3) | 15.9 (0.3) | 20.5 (1.4) | 17.1 (1.9) | 23.9 (2.2) | 33.8 (2.8) | 26.3 (4.3) | 41.0 (3.7) |
| Weight | 60 935 | |||||||||
| Underweight | 1.7 (0.1) | 0.6 (0.1) | 2.8 (0.1) | 1.8 (0.5) | 1.7 (0.7) | 1.9 (0.7) | 3.5 (1.0) | 2.4 (1.4) | 4.5 (1.5) | |
| Normal | 43.2 (0.3) | 32.4 (0.4) | 53.5 (0.4) | 47.6 (1.9) | 47.4 (2.6) | 47.8 (2.8) | 44.4 (3.3) | 39.5 (5.3) | 49.2 (3.9) | |
| Overweight | 35.9 (0.3) | 45.8 (0.5) | 26.3 (0.3) | 30.3 (1.6) | 36.9 (2.5) | 23.9 (2.1) | 30.4 (2.9) | 34.2 (4.9) | 26.7 (3.3) | |
| Obese | 19.2 (0.2) | 21.2 (0.4) | 17.4 (0.3) | 20.3 (1.4) | 14.0 (1.7) | 26.4 (2.3) | 21.7 (2.6) | 23.9 (4.3) | 19.6 (2.9) | |
| Screening testsb | ||||||||||
| HIV | 63 580 | 42.8 (0.3) | 41.5 (0.5) | 44.0 (0.4) | 69.5 (1.6) | 81.9 (2.1) | 57.5 (2.4) | 67.7 (2.9) | 70.5 (4.7) | 65.0 (3.5) |
| Sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopyc | 17 915 | 57.8 (0.5) | 59.5 (0.8) | 56.2 (0.7) | 65.4 (3.3) | 73.3 (4.3) | 57.9 (5.0) | 65.0 (6.4) | 55.2 (10.2) | 74.2 (7.7) |
| Prostate-specific antigend | 10 483 | 49.8 (0.7) | 42.9 (3.1) | 51.6 (8.6) | ||||||
| Mammogramd | 27 264 | 58.9 (0.3) | 65.4 (3.9) | 56.4 (3.4) | ||||||
| Papanicolau test, prior 3 years | 21 946 | 90.1 (0.3) | 89.8 (2.1) | 86.7 (3.4) | ||||||
| Chronic health conditions | ||||||||||
| Diabetes | 67 296 | 4.3 (0.1) | 4.7 (0.2) | 3.9 (0.1) | 3.8 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.9) | 3.8 (0.9) | 4.2 (1.1) | 4.4 (1.9) | 3.9 (1.1) |
| Heart disease | 51 129 | 1.9 (0.1) | 2.5 (0.1) | 1.3 (0.1) | 2.5 (0.7) | 3.2 (1.2) | 1.8 (0.6) | 3.8 (1.5) | 4.3 (2.0) | 3.3 (2.2) |
| Asthma | 67 217 | 15.0 (0.2) | 12.6 (0.3) | 17.4 (0.3) | 20.2 (1.5) | 15.4 (1.8) | 24.9 (2.3) | 20.5 (2.4) | 15.0 (3.7) | 25.7 (3.1) |
| High CVD risk | 25 833 | 29.0 (0.4) | 30.8 (0.7) | 27.3 (0.5) | 31.1 (2.6) | 28.1 (3.6) | 34.0 (3.7) | 47.0 (5.6) | 53.0 (9.9) | 41.3 (5.5) |
| Mental health | ||||||||||
| Tense/worried ≥ 15 of prior 30 d | 22 258 | 20.8 (0.4) | 19.1 (0.6) | 22.5 (0.5) | 25.6 (2.5) | 23.9 (3.6) | 27.3 (3.5) | 37.3 (4.8) | 37.5 (8.0) | 37.2 (5.4) |
| Sad/blue ≥ 15 of prior 30 d | 16 669 | 16.0 (0.4) | 15.2 (0.7) | 16.8 (0.5) | 16.5 (2.4) | 19.1 (3.8) | 14.0 (3.1) | 25.3 (4.0) | 24.3 (6.4) | 26.3 (4.9) |
| Seriously considered suicide, prior y | 14 325 | 3.0 (0.3) | 3.2 (0.4) | 2.9 (0.3) | 4.2 (1.2) | 5.8 (1.9) | 2.5 (1.5) | 18.5 (4.4) | 11.1 (6.2) | 25.7 (6.3) |
| Cigarette smoking | 67 159 | |||||||||
| Current smoker | 20.0 (0.2) | 20.6 (0.4) | 19.4 (0.3) | 29.3 (1.9) | 32.5 (2.5) | 26.3 (2.7) | 36.2 (3.1) | 35.4 (5.0) | 36.9 (3.7) | |
| Former smoker | 24.8 (0.2) | 25.3 (0.4) | 24.3 (0.3) | 28.4 (1.5) | 24.9 (2.1) | 31.8 (2.3) | 19.4 (2.1) | 14.9 (2.9) | 23.8 (3.0) | |
| Nonsmoker | 55.3 (0.3) | 54.1 (0.4) | 56.3 (0.4) | 42.2 (1.9) | 42.6 (2.5) | 41.9 (2.7) | 44.5 (3.1) | 49.7 (5.3) | 39.4 (3.3) | |
| Binge drinking, prior 30 d | 66 208 | 21.0 (0.2) | 29.5 (0.4) | 12.6 (0.3) | 24.2 (1.7) | 31.0 (2.4) | 17.5 (2.5) | 22.1 (2.6) | 26.7 (4.5) | 17.6 (2.6) |
| Illicit drug use, prior 30 d | 14 207 | 7.7 (0.3) | 10.1 (0.6) | 5.4 (0.4) | 16.5 (2.5) | 23.5 (4.4) | 9.7 (2.5) | 29.8 (5.5) | 19.9 (8.8) | 39.4 (6.7) |
| Lifetime violence victimization | ||||||||||
| Sexual assault | 19 464 | 12.1 (0.3) | 5.9 (0.4) | 18.1 (0.5) | 26.9 (2.8) | 18.9 (3.2) | 34.7 (4.5) | 36.6 (4.1) | 15.3 (5.3) | 57.3 (6.2) |
| Physical intimate partner | 2222 | 18.2 (1.2) | 14.1 (1.6) | 22.2 (1.7) | 31.2 (7.0) | 31.2 (10.8) | 31.1 (8.9) | 32.8 (3.4) | 2.7 (2.9) | 61.9 (6.2) |
Note. CVD = cardiovascular disease. Percentages are weighted proportions; SEs are design-adjusted standard errors.
aNumber of participants who answered the survey item in the aggregate sample.
bLifetime, unless otherwise noted.
cParticipants aged ≥ 50 years.
dParticipants aged ≥ 40 years.