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J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002 August; 73(2): 173–181. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.73.2.173. | PMCID: PMC1737985 |
Functional reorganisation of memory after traumatic brain injury: a study with H2150 positron emission tomography B Levine, R Cabeza, A McIntosh, S Black, C Grady, and D Stuss Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, Toronto, Canada. Email: levine/at/psych.utoronto.ca Objective: To study the effects of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the functional neuroanatomy supporting memory retrieval. Methods: Subjects were six patients who had sustained a moderate to severe TBI about four years before scanning and had since made a good recovery. Eleven healthy young adults matched to the patients for age and education served as controls. An established H2150 positron emission tomography paradigm was used to elicit brain activations in response to memory retrieval. TBI patients' patterns of brain activation were compared statistically with those of control subjects. Both group and individual case data were analysed. Results: Both TBI patients and controls engaged frontal, temporal, and parietal regions known to be involved in memory retrieval, yet the TBI patients showed relative increases in frontal, anterior cingulate, and occipital activity. The hemispheric asymmetry characteristic of controls was attenuated in patients with TBI. Reduced activation was noted in the right dorsomedial thalamus. Although local aspects of this pattern were affected by the presence of focal lesions and performance differences, the overall pattern was reliable across patients and comparable to functional neuroimaging results reported for normal aging, Alzheimer's disease, and other patients with TBI. Conclusions: The TBI patients performed memory tasks using altered functional neuroanatomical networks. These changes are probably the result of diffuse axonal injury and may reflect either cortical disinhibition attributable to disconnection or compensation for inefficient mnemonic processes. The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (302K). These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article. - Kurtzke JF. The current neurologic burden of illness and injury in the United States. Neurology. 1982 Nov;32(11):1207–1214. [PubMed]
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