|
|
Am J Hum Genet. 1993 July; 53(1): 279–286. | PMCID: PMC1682218 |
Tandem-repeat internal mapping (TRIM) of the involucrin gene: repeat number and repeat-pattern polymorphism within a coding region in human populations. A Urquhart and P Gill Central Research and Support Establishment, Forensic Science Service, Reading, England. Abstract We have analyzed the human involucrin gene in 41 British African-Caribbeans and 37 British white Caucasians by tandem-repeat internal mapping and DNA sequencing. A point mutation (i.e., Bc) in the last B repeat unit was found in 98.6% of British white Caucasians and in 52.4% of British African-Caribbeans. The distribution of repeat patterns was also different between the two populations. Nine previously unreported repeat pattern alleles, 4 with and 5 without the Bc repeat, have been found, increasing the range of variation in humans to 15 reported repeat patterns, 6 with and 9 without the Caucasian mutation. Three further sequence variations, each occurring in a single individual, were found. The evolutionary significance of variation in the human involucrin gene is discussed. Full text Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.0M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References. These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article. - Berardesca E, de Rigal J, Leveque JL, Maibach HI. In vivo biophysical characterization of skin physiological differences in races. Dermatologica. 1991;182(2):89–93. [PubMed]
- Chakraborty R, Kamboh MI, Nwankwo M, Ferrell RE. Caucasian genes in American blacks: new data. Am J Hum Genet. 1992 Jan;50(1):145–155. [PubMed]
- Corcuff P, Lotte C, Rougier A, Maibach HI. Racial differences in corneocytes. A comparison between black, white and oriental skin. Acta Derm Venereol. 1991;71(2):146–148. [PubMed]
- Djian P, Green H. The involucrin gene of the orangutan: generation of the late region as an evolutionary trend in the hominoids. Mol Biol Evol. 1989 Sep;6(5):469–477. [PubMed]
- Dover GA. A digital DNA dipstick for probing human diversity. Trends Genet. 1992 Feb;8(2):45–47. [PubMed]
- Eckert RL, Green H. Structure and evolution of the human involucrin gene. Cell. 1986 Aug 15;46(4):583–589. [PubMed]
- Folk JE. Mechanism and basis for specificity of transglutaminase-catalyzed epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl) lysine bond formation. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1983;54:1–56. [PubMed]
- Gill P, Sullivan K, Werrett DJ. The analysis of hypervariable DNA profiles: problems associated with the objective determination of the probability of a match. Hum Genet. 1990 Jun;85(1):75–79. [PubMed]
- Gill P, Woodroffe S, Lygo JE, Millican ES. Population genetics of four hypervariable loci. Int J Legal Med. 1991;104(4):221–227. [PubMed]
- Jeffreys AJ, MacLeod A, Tamaki K, Neil DL, Monckton DG. Minisatellite repeat coding as a digital approach to DNA typing. Nature. 1991 Nov 21;354(6350):204–209. [PubMed]
- Jeffreys AJ, Neumann R, Wilson V. Repeat unit sequence variation in minisatellites: a novel source of DNA polymorphism for studying variation and mutation by single molecule analysis. Cell. 1990 Feb 9;60(3):473–485. [PubMed]
- Moore KG, Sartorelli AC. Annexin I and involucrin are cross-linked by particulate transglutaminase into the cornified cell envelope of squamous cell carcinoma Y1. Exp Cell Res. 1992 May;200(1):186–195. [PubMed]
- Parenteau NL, Eckert RL, Rice RH. Primate involucrins: antigenic relatedness and detection of multiple forms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7571–7575. [PubMed]
- Phillips M, Djian P, Green H. The involucrin gene of the galago. Existence of a correction process acting on its segment of repeats. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 15;265(14):7804–7807. [PubMed]
- Reed TE. Caucasian genes in American Negroes. Science. 1969 Aug 22;165(895):762–768. [PubMed]
- Simon M, Green H. Participation of membrane-associated proteins in the formation of the cross-linked envelope of the keratinocyte. Cell. 1984 Apr;36(4):827–834. [PubMed]
- Simon M, Phillips M, Green H. Polymorphism due to variable number of repeats in the human involucrin gene. Genomics. 1991 Apr;9(4):576–580. [PubMed]
- Simon M, Phillips M, Green H, Stroh H, Glatt K, Burns G, Latt SA. Absence of a single repeat from the coding region of the human involucrin gene leading to RFLP. Am J Hum Genet. 1989 Dec;45(6):910–916. [PubMed]
- STERN C. Model estimates of the frequency of white and near-white segregants in the American Negro. Acta Genet Stat Med. 1953;4(2-3):281–298. [PubMed]
- Sullivan KM, Gill P, Lingard D, Lygo JE. Characterisation of HLA DQ alpha for forensic purposes. Allele and genotype frequencies in British Caucasian, Afro-Caribbean and Asian populations. Int J Legal Med. 1992;105(1):17–20. [PubMed]
- Teumer J, Green H. Divergent evolution of part of the involucrin gene in the hominoids: unique intragenic duplications in the gorilla and human. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Feb;86(4):1283–1286. [PubMed]
- Tseng H, Green H. The involucrin gene of the owl monkey: origin of the early region. Mol Biol Evol. 1989 Sep;6(5):460–468. [PubMed]
- Weigand DA, Haygood C, Gaylor JR. Cell layers and density of Negro and Caucasian stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol. 1974 Jun;62(6):563–568. [PubMed]
|