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J Appl Behav Anal. 1976 Summer; 9(2): 199–206.
doi: 10.1901/jaba.1976.9-199.
PMCID: PMC1311925
Effects of two teacher-presentation rates on off-task behavior, answering correctly, and participation1
Douglas W. Carnine
University of Oregon
1This study was supported by grant OEG-0-704257(286) from the United States Office of Education for the Training, Management, and Research Support for Follow Through Districts (Engelmann-Becker Model). I would like to thank Jan Spinell and Roanna Williams, who did the teaching, and William T. Fink, who supervised the data collection, for their assistance in conducting this study. I also thank Dr. Wesley Becker for his suggestions in preparing the manuscript. Reprints may be obtained from Douglas W. Carnine, Department of Special Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403.
Abstract
Off-task behavior, correct answering, and participation during beginning reading instruction were recorded for two low-achieving first-grade children during two different rates of teacher presentation. A slow-rate presentation (A) was compared with a fast-rate presentation (B) in an ABABAB design. In slow-rate presentation, there was a delay between the children's response and introduction of the next task. In fast-rate presentation, there was no delay. A new teacher taught during the final AB phases, which allowed for a brief replication. Both teachers were reminded on a fixed-interval 90-sec schedule throughout all phases of the experiment to praise the subjects, thus preventing a confounding of social praise and rate of teacher presentation. Fast-rate presentation was accompanied by a lower per cent occurrence of off-task behavior for both Subjects 1 and 2. For Subject 1, correct answering and participation were more frequent during all three fast-rate phases. For Subject 2, correct answering and participation were more frequent during the fast-rate phases after the first reversal.
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Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
  • Drabman RS, Lahey BB. Feedback in classroom behavior modification: effects on the target and her classmates. J Appl Behav Anal. 1974 Winter;7(4):591–598. [PubMed]
  • Greenwood Charles R, Hops Hyman, Delquadri Joseph, Guild Jacqueline. Group contingencies for group consequences in classroom management: a further analysis. J Appl Behav Anal. 1974 Fall;7(3):413–425. [PubMed]