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J Appl Behav Anal. 1996 Spring; 29(1): 99–102.
PMCID: PMC1279877

Self-restraint as positive reinforcement for self-injurious behavior.

R G Smith, D C Lerman, and B A Iwata
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Abstract

Many individuals who engage in self-injurious behavior (SIB) also exhibit self-restraint. We compared rates of SIB exhibited by a 32-year-old woman diagnosed with profound retardation across conditions in which access to restraint was (a) continuously available, (b) presented as a consequence for SIB, or (c) unavailable. Rates of SIB increased when access to restraint was contingent upon SIB and decreased when restraint was unavailable, suggesting that self-restraint functioned as positive reinforcement for SIB.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
  • Derby KM, Fisher WW, Piazza CC. The effects of contingent and noncontingent attention on self-injury and self-restraint. J Appl Behav Anal. 1996 Spring;29(1):107–110. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
  • Fisher WW, Grace NC, Murphy C. Further analysis of the relationship between self-injury and self-restraint. J Appl Behav Anal. 1996 Spring;29(1):103–106. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
  • Iwata BA, Dorsey MF, Slifer KJ, Bauman KE, Richman GS. Toward a functional analysis of self-injury. J Appl Behav Anal. 1994 Summer;27(2):197–209. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
  • Smith RG, Iwata BA, Vollmer TR, Pace GM. On the relationship between self-injurious behavior and self-restraint. J Appl Behav Anal. 1992 Summer;25(2):433–445. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
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