PMC

(A) Persistent oronasal communication. Photograph depicting a remaining defect after hard palate mucoperiosteal flap repair of a caudal oronasal communication secondary to removal of an eosinophilic granuloma. (B) Repair of persistent oronasal communication. Photograph showing the second procedure performed to close the oronasal communication in the patient from (A). (C) Documentation of successful repair. Photograph showing the 1-year postoperative outcome and complete closure of the oronasal communication in the patient from (A,B).

Contemporary abolition in nasal flow, oronasal thermal sensor, tracheal sound 1 and 2, with persistence of respiratory effort on the suprasternal pressure sensor but abolition of abdominal and thoracic belts movements. Note the discordance between the two readers for analysis with the suprasternal sensor and oronasal thermal sensor, with both observers scoring the same event as obstructive on the suprasternal sensor analysis and as central on the oronasal thermal sensor analysis. Two-minute epoch. Pleth, pulse wave plethysmography; HR, heart rate; SpO₂, pulse oximetry; Trach Pre, suprasternal pressure; Therm, oronasal thermal sensor; Tho belt, thoracic belt; Abdo belt, abdominal belt; Trach obs, suprasternal pressure sensor analysis for observer 1 or 2; Therm obs, oronasal thermal sensor analysis for observer 1 or 2; Obs apn, obstructive apnea; Cen apn, central apnea.

(A) Relative proportions of sleep efficiency (mean ± SD) with oronasal versus nasal masks in patients who were already accustomed to a nasal mask at study inclusion. Patients who had finally changed the interface are given in orange. (B) Relative proportions of sleep efficiency (mean ± SD) with oronasal versus nasal masks in patients who were already accustomed to an oronasal mask at study inclusion. Patients who had finally changed the interface are given in green.

(Day 3) (A) No-injury control, (B) No-injury control 20X, (C) Oronasal fistula, (D) Oronasal fistula 20X. (OC = Oral Cavity, NC= Nasal Cavity)