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    RGE1 basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 841400, updated on 7-Sep-2023

    Summary

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    Gene symbol
    RGE1
    Gene description
    basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein
    Primary source
    Araport:AT1G49770
    Locus tag
    AT1G49770
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    F14J22.2; F14J22_2; RETARDED GROWTH OF EMBRYO 1; ZHOUPI; ZOU
    Summary
    Encodes a member of the basic helix loop helix family of transcription factors. Loss of RGE1 function causes shriveled seeds that contain small embryos. The cuticle in the embryos does not develop normally, possible due to the adeherence of the endosperm to the developing embryo. RGE1 is expressed in the endosperm surrounding region which directly surrounds the developing embryo, however it exerts its effect non autonomously- in the developing embryo. Mutant seedlings are extremely sensitive to dessication due to the abnormal cuticle.
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    chromosome: 1
    Exon count:
    3
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (18424578..18426782)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family protein Neighboring gene poly(A) binding protein 8 Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene plant U-box 26

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003070.9

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. The endosperm-specific ZHOUPI gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates endosperm breakdown and embryonic epidermal development. Yang S, et al. Development, 2008 Nov. PMID 18849529
    2. RETARDED GROWTH OF EMBRYO1, a new basic helix-loop-helix protein, expresses in endosperm to control embryo growth. Kondou Y, et al. Plant Physiol, 2008 Aug. PMID 18567831, Free PMC Article
    3. ICE1 and ZOU determine the depth of primary seed dormancy in Arabidopsis independently of their role in endosperm development. MacGregor DR, et al. Plant J, 2019 Apr. PMID 30570804, Free PMC Article
    4. ZHOUPI and KERBEROS Mediate Embryo/Endosperm Separation by Promoting the Formation of an Extracuticular Sheath at the Embryo Surface. Moussu S, et al. Plant Cell, 2017 Jul. PMID 28696222, Free PMC Article
    5. Retarded Embryo Development 1 (RED1) regulates embryo development, seed maturation and plant growth in Arabidopsis. Du Q, et al. J Genet Genomics, 2016 Jul 20. PMID 27477025

    See all (13) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Arabidopsis ICE1 and ZOU determine the depth of primary dormancy during maturation independently of their effect on endosperm development.
      Title: ICE1 and ZOU determine the depth of primary seed dormancy in Arabidopsis independently of their role in endosperm development.
    2. ZHOUPI role in the eplant embryo/endosperm separation and the formation of the extracuticular sheath at the seed surface
      Title: ZHOUPI and KERBEROS Mediate Embryo/Endosperm Separation by Promoting the Formation of an Extracuticular Sheath at the Embryo Surface.
    3. RED1 plays important roles in embryo development, seed maturation and plant growth.
      Title: Retarded Embryo Development 1 (RED1) regulates embryo development, seed maturation and plant growth in Arabidopsis.
    4. The recovery of the native ZOU gene expression in the spz2 zou-4 double mutant is caused by transcriptional read-through of the intronic T-DNA as a result of decreased proximal polyadenylation.
      Title: Reduced function of the RNA-binding protein FPA rescues a T-DNA insertion mutant in the Arabidopsis ZHOUPI gene by promoting transcriptional read-through.
    5. ZHOUPI regulates embryonic surface formation via a signaling pathway mediated by ABNORMAL LEAF SHAPE1.
      Title: "What we've got here is failure to communicate": zou mutants and endosperm cell death in seed development.
    6. propose that the ZHOUPI/ICE1 complex might have ancient origins, acquiring novel megagametophyte-specific functions in heterosporous land plants that were conserved in the angiosperm endosperm
      Title: Endosperm breakdown in Arabidopsis requires heterodimers of the basic helix-loop-helix proteins ZHOUPI and INDUCER OF CBP EXPRESSION 1.
    7. ZHOUPI controls embryonic cuticle formation via a signalling pathway involving the subtilisin protease ABNORMAL LEAF-SHAPE1 and the receptor kinases GASSHO1 and GASSHO2.
      Title: ZHOUPI controls embryonic cuticle formation via a signalling pathway involving the subtilisin protease ABNORMAL LEAF-SHAPE1 and the receptor kinases GASSHO1 and GASSHO2.
    8. ZOU is not a general regulator of endosperm patterning, but rather controls specific signalling pathways that coordinate embryo invasion and breakdown of surrounding endosperm tissues.
      Title: The endosperm-specific ZHOUPI gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates endosperm breakdown and embryonic epidermal development.
    9. RGE1 expression in the endosperm at the heart stage of embryo development plays an important role in controlling embryo growth.
      Title: RETARDED GROWTH OF EMBRYO1, a new basic helix-loop-helix protein, expresses in endosperm to control embryo growth.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein dimerization activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within embryo development ending in seed dormancy IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within endosperm development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of DNA-templated transcription TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of abscisic acid biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within seed dormancy process IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within seed dormancy process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within seed morphogenesis IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within seed morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in nucleus ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein
    NP_175399.2
    • RETARDED GROWTH OF EMBRYO 1 (RGE1); FUNCTIONS IN: DNA binding, sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity; INVOLVED IN: embryo development, regulation of transcription; LOCATED IN: nucleus; EXPRESSED IN: endosperm; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain (InterPro:IPR001092), Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding (InterPro:IPR011598); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein (TAIR:AT2G22760.1); Has 1071 Blast hits to 1071 proteins in 72 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 65; Fungi - 10; Plants - 987; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 9 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

      Range
      18424578..18426782
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_103864.2 → NP_175399.2  basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) DNA-binding superfamily protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_175399.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9FXA3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A654EH14
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00083
      Location:74 → 124
      HLH; Helix-loop-helix domain, found in specific DNA- binding proteins that act as transcription factors; 60-100 amino acids long. A DNA-binding basic region is followed by two alpha-helices separated by a variable loop region; HLH forms homo- and heterodimers, ...
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9FXA3.2

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