HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: RPRM
Cytogenetic location: 2q23.3 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 2:153,477,338-153,478,762 (from NCBI)
Using a differential display screening approach on mouse embryonal fibroblasts to identify genes that are induced by p53 (191170) following X-irradiation, Ohki et al. (2000) identified one, which they termed Reprimo, that is involved in cell cycle regulation. Ohki et al. (2000) cloned mouse and human Reprimo cDNAs, which encode deduced 109-amino acid proteins sharing 98% sequence identity. The Reprimo protein is N-glycosylated and localizes to the cytoplasm.
Ohki et al. (2000) determined that the mouse Rprm gene is intronless.
By FISH, Ohki et al. (2000) mapped the RPRM gene to chromosome 2q23 in a region that is frequently lost in lung cancer cells and neuroblastomas.
Ohki et al. (2000) determined that RPRM is induced following x-irradiation in a p53-dependent manner and is a downstream mediator of p53 action. Overexpression of RPRM in HeLa cells by transfection resulted in G2 arrest of the cell cycle by inhibiting both CDC2 (116940) activity and nuclear translocation of the CDC2-cyclin B1 (CCNB1; 123836) complex.
On the basis of alignment of human EST sequences, Ye and Parry (2002) identified 2 candidate polymorphisms at nucleotides 824 (G-C) and 839 (C-G) in the 3-prime untranslated region of the RPRM gene. They confirmed the presence of these polymorphisms in a Caucasian population. Beasley et al. (2008) found no association between the 824G-C polymorphism and colorectal cancer in a Caucasian population.
Using high-throughput microarray analysis of pancreatic cancer cell lines, Sato et al. (2003) identified RPRM as a methylation-related gene that is frequently methylated in pancreatic cancer cell lines and tumors.
Takahashi et al. (2005) reported that aberrant methylation and loss of expression of RPRM was common in several tumor cell lines and human malignancies. However, the paper was retracted 'due to presentation of an improperly manipulated figure (Figure 1A) in the article.'
Beasley, W. D., Beynon, J., Jenkins, G. J. S., Parry, J. M. Reprimo 824G-C and p53R2 4696C-G single nucleotide polymorphisms and colorectal cancer: a case-control disease association study. Int. J. Colorectal Dis. 23: 375-381, 2008. [PubMed: 18197409] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-007-0435-3]
Ohki, R., Nemoto, J., Murasawa, H., Oda, E., Inazawa, J., Tanaka, N., Taniguchi, T. Reprimo, a new candidate mediator of the p53-mediated cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 22627-22630, 2000. [PubMed: 10930422] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.C000235200]
Sato, N., Fukushima, N., Maitra, A., Matsubayashi, H., Yeo, C. J., Cameron, J. L., Hruban, R. H., Goggins, M. Discovery of novel targets for aberrant methylation in pancreatic carcinoma using high-throughput microarrays. Cancer Res. 63: 3735-3742, 2003. [PubMed: 12839967]
Takahashi, T., Suzuki, M., Shigematsu, H., Shivapurkar, N., Echebiri, C., Nomura, M., Stastny, V., Augustus, M., Wu, C.-W., Wistuba, I. I., Meltzer, S. J., Gazdar, A. F. Aberrant methylation of Reprimo in human malignancies. Int. J. Cancer 115: 503-510, 2005. Note: Retraction: Int. J. Cancer 132: 498 only, 2013. [PubMed: 15700311] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.20910]
Ye, Z., Parry, J. M. Identification of polymorphisms in the human Reprimo gene using public EST data. Teratog. Carcinog. Mutagen. 22: 485-493, 2002. [PubMed: 12395409] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1002/tcm.10044]