TK1 thymidine kinase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: TK1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: thymidine kinase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:11830
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000167900 MIM:188300; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11830
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: TK2
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a gamma-phosphate group to thymidine. This creates dTMP and is the first step in the biosynthesis of dTTP, which is one component required for DNA replication. The encoded protein, whose levels fluctuate depending on the cell cycle stage, can act as a low activity dimer or a high activity tetramer. High levels of this protein have been used as a biomarker for diagnosing and categorizing many types of cancers. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Expression: Broad expression in bone marrow (RPKM 21.7), lymph node (RPKM 12.6) and 18 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 17q25.3

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	17	NC_000017.11 (78174079..78187204, complement)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	17	NC_060941.1 (79068173..79081298, complement)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	17	NC_000017.10 (76170160..76183285, complement)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Clinical Significance of the TK1-Specific Activity in the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer.
Title: Clinical Significance of the TK1-Specific Activity in the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer.
TK1 expression influences pathogenicity by cell cycle progression, cellular migration, and cellular survival in HCC 1806 breast cancer cells.
Title: TK1 expression influences pathogenicity by cell cycle progression, cellular migration, and cellular survival in HCC 1806 breast cancer cells.
Transcription factor Dp-1 knockdown downregulates thymidine kinase 1 expression to protect against proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer.
Title: Transcription factor Dp-1 knockdown downregulates thymidine kinase 1 expression to protect against proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer.
Prediction of Overall Survival by Thymidine Kinase 1 Combined with Prostate-Specific Antigen in Men with Prostate Cancer.
Title: Prediction of Overall Survival by Thymidine Kinase 1 Combined with Prostate-Specific Antigen in Men with Prostate Cancer.
Evaluating Serum Thymidine Kinase 1 in Patients with Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Receiving First-line Endocrine Therapy in the SWOG S0226 Trial.
Title: Evaluating Serum Thymidine Kinase 1 in Patients with Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer Receiving First-line Endocrine Therapy in the SWOG S0226 Trial.
Serum Concentration of Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) as a Tumor Marker in Soft Tissue Sarcomas.
Title: Serum Concentration of Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) as a Tumor Marker in Soft Tissue Sarcomas.
HSP90alpha combined with AFP and TK1 improved the diagnostic value for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Title: HSP90α combined with AFP and TK1 improved the diagnostic value for hepatocellular carcinoma.
AroCell TK 210 ELISA for determination of TK1 protein: age-related reference ranges and comparison with other TK1 assays.
Title: AroCell TK 210 ELISA for determination of TK1 protein: age-related reference ranges and comparison with other TK1 assays.
Identification of a novel thymidylate kinase activity.
Title: Identification of a novel thymidylate kinase activity.
Serum AFU, GGT and TK1 levels in PHC patients and their correlation with clinicopathology and diagnostic value.
Title: Serum AFU, GGT and TK1 levels in PHC patients and their correlation with clinicopathology and diagnostic value.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (91)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Vpr	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr upregulates TK1 in HeLa cells within 12 hours of exposure	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

GDB:180945 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:155137

RH11430 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:75845

GDB:178395 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:155004

PMC140776P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270974

PMC303366P4 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272511

TK1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:279197

PMC126057P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270523

GDB:583421 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:157886

G06495 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:37066

TK1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:266729

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables thymidine kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables thymidine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in DNA synthesis involved in mitotic DNA replication	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein homotetramerization	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in thymidine biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in thymidine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in thymidine metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: thymidine kinase, cytosolic

Names: cytosolic thymidine kinase; epididymis secretory sperm binding protein

NP_001333592.1

EC 2.7.1.21

NP_001350777.1

EC 2.7.1.21

NP_003249.3

EC 2.7.1.21

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.