U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination
    • Showing Current items.

    Sh Shaker [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 32780, updated on 11-Apr-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    Shprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    Shakerprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0003380
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG12348
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0003380
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    BcDNA:GH03046; CG12348; CG17860; CG7640; Dmel\CG12348; Eko; EKO; F-c; Kv1; K[[v]]1; minisleep; mns; sh; SH; sha; Sha; Shw; V-I
    Summary
    Enables voltage-gated cation channel activity. Involved in several processes, including mating behavior, sex discrimination; proboscis extension reflex; and regulation of synaptic activity. Is integral component of membrane. Part of voltage-gated potassium channel complex. Is expressed in several structures, including adult antennal nerve; motor neurons; protocerebrum; somatic muscle cell of abdomen; and somatic muscle cell of prothorax. Used to study epilepsy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 32; episodic ataxia type 1; familial atrial fibrillation; and pulmonary hypertension. Orthologous to several human genes including KCNA1 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1); KCNA2 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2); and KCNA3 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Location:
    16F3-16F6; 1-59 cM
    Exon count:
    28
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) X NC_004354.4 (17924307..18063247, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) X NC_004354.3 (17818340..17957278, complement)

    Chromosome X - NC_004354.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Vacuolar protein sorting 4 Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Dynein heavy chain at 16F Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene transcriptional Adaptor 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Mechanisms Underlying C-type Inactivation in Kv Channels: Lessons From Structures of Human Kv1.3 and Fly Shaker-IR Channels. Ong ST, et al. Front Pharmacol, 2022. PMID 35833027, Free PMC Article
    2. A Molecular Lid Mechanism of K(+) Channel Blocker Action Revealed by a Cone Peptide. Saikia C, et al. J Mol Biol, 2021 Aug 20. PMID 33771569
    3. Molecular basis for functional connectivity between the voltage sensor and the selectivity filter gate in Shaker K(+) channels. Bassetto CA, et al. Elife, 2021 Feb 23. PMID 33620313, Free PMC Article
    4. Potassium channel Shaker play a protective role against cardiac aging in Drosophila. Liu XW, et al. Yi Chuan, 2021 Jan 20. PMID 33509778
    5. S4-S5 linker movement during activation and inactivation in voltage-gated K(+) channels. Kalstrup T, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2018 Jul 17. PMID 29959207, Free PMC Article

    See all (667) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. The voltage-gated potassium channel Shaker promotes sleep via thermosensitive GABA transmission.
      Title: The voltage-gated potassium channel Shaker promotes sleep via thermosensitive GABA transmission.
    2. Molecular and cellular correlates in Kv channel clustering: entropy-based regulation of cluster ion channel density.
      Title: Molecular and cellular correlates in Kv channel clustering: entropy-based regulation of cluster ion channel density.
    3. S4-S5 linker movement during activation and inactivation in voltage-gated K(+) channels.
      Title: S4-S5 linker movement during activation and inactivation in voltage-gated K(+) channels.
    4. Authors provide evidence that in the Drosophila Shaker voltage-gated K(+) channels the S3 domain acts as an extracellular hydrophobic 'stabilizer' for the S4 domain biasing the gating chemical equilibrium toward the open state.
      Title: Energetic role of the paddle motif in voltage gating of Shaker K(+) channels.
    5. This study demonstrates that Shaker is not always a good model for Kv1 channels for ligand binding.
      Title: Why the Drosophila Shaker K+ channel is not a good model for ligand binding to voltage-gated Kv1 channels.
    6. The xenon requirement in Drosophila melanogaster is not influenced by a single gene mutation at the shaker locus, whereas a reduced expression of a nonselective cation channel leads to an increased xenon requirement.
      Title: The shaker potassium channel is no target for xenon anesthesia in short-sleeping Drosophila melanogaster mutants.
    7. Data show several strong Cysteine-Cadmium-Cysteine bridges in Shaker potassium channel.
      Title: Tracking a complete voltage-sensor cycle with metal-ion bridges.
    8. Synaptic transmission at the larval neuromuscular junction and the transient Shaker potassium current IA in larval muscles have been characterized.
      Title: Modulation of the frequency response of Shaker potassium channels by the quiver peptide suggesting a novel extracellular interaction mechanism.
    9. synaptic strength and synaptic strength at neuromuscular junctions along the dorsal-ventral differentials at physiological Ca(2+) levels were not significantly altered in slowpoke (slo) and Shaker (Sh) mutants
      Title: Pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms of synaptic strength homeostasis revealed by slowpoke and shaker K+ channel mutations in Drosophila.
    10. allosteric communication across disparate regions of the channel protein and between evolved and regulated amino acid changes introduced by RNA editing.
      Title: Regulated RNA editing and functional epistasis in Shaker potassium channels.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (20)

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Markers

    Homology

    mobile_element

    • Loc: c18031365-18031261 mobile_element_type = transposon:INE-1{}4898

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables delayed rectifier potassium channel activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables monoatomic ion channel activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables voltage-gated monoatomic cation channel activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables voltage-gated potassium channel activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables voltage-gated potassium channel activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in action potential IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in action potential IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in axon extension IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in behavioral response to ether NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to dopamine IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in courtship behavior NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in courtship behavior TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in detection of visible light IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in larval locomotory behavior IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in learning or memory NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in mating behavior, sex discrimination IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in monoatomic ion transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of membrane potential IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in potassium ion transmembrane transport IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in potassium ion transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in potassium ion transport TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in proboscis extension reflex IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein homooligomerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of synaptic activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in sensory perception of taste NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in sleep IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in transmembrane transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of voltage-gated potassium channel complex TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    shaker
    Names
    CG12348-PA
    CG12348-PB
    CG12348-PC
    CG12348-PD
    CG12348-PE
    CG12348-PF
    CG12348-PH
    CG12348-PI
    CG12348-PJ
    CG12348-PK
    CG12348-PL
    CG12348-PM
    CG12348-PQ
    CG12348-PS
    CG12348-PT
    CG12348-PU
    CG12348-PV
    F-c transcription unit
    Sh-PA
    Sh-PB
    Sh-PC
    Sh-PD
    Sh-PE
    Sh-PF
    Sh-PH
    Sh-PI
    Sh-PJ
    Sh-PK
    Sh-PL
    Sh-PM
    Sh-PQ
    Sh-PS
    Sh-PT
    Sh-PU
    Sh-PV
    Shaker-downheld
    minisleep
    NP_001259666.2
    • non-AUG (AUU) translation initiation

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

      Range
      17924307..18063247 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_078669.5 → NP_523393.3  shaker, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_523393.3

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Related
      FBpp0088600
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:97 → 223
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:226 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    2. NM_001272737.1 → NP_001259666.2  shaker, isoform S [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PHG6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    3. NM_167592.4 → NP_728120.1  shaker, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728120.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Related
      FBpp0088602
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:54 → 137
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:229 → 443
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:54 → 142
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:358 → 434
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    4. NM_001414058.1 → NP_001401061.1  shaker, isoform U [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

    5. NM_001272736.2 → NP_001259665.2  shaker, isoform Q [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:97 → 223
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:226 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    6. NM_167594.4 → NP_728122.1  shaker, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728122.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Related
      FBpp0088603
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    7. NM_001201739.2 → NP_001188668.1  shaker, isoform I [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001188668.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    8. NM_206775.5 → NP_996498.2  shaker, isoform J [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_996498.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    9. NM_001258798.2 → NP_001245727.1  shaker, isoform L [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245727.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P08510
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:87 → 170
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:262 → 476
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:87 → 175
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:391 → 467
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    10. NM_001414059.1 → NP_001401062.1  shaker, isoform V [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

    11. NM_167595.4 → NP_728123.1  shaker, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728123.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A4V4Q2, B6IDJ2, M9MSC0, M9NEM4, M9PF21, P08510, P08511, P08512, P08513, Q24277, Q24521, Q7KUW5, Q8IQY9, Q8MT41, Q9VWZ5, Q9VWZ9, Q9VX00
      Related
      FBpp0088599
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:99 → 182
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:274 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:99 → 187
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:403 → 479
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    12. NM_001316640.1 → NP_001303569.1  shaker, isoform T [Drosophila melanogaster]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0S0X7Z4
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00225
      Location:99 → 182
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:274 → 488
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:99 → 187
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain
      pfam07885
      Location:403 → 479
      Ion_trans_2; Ion channel

    13. NM_167596.5 → NP_728124.1  shaker, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_728124.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, E1JJQ5
      Related
      FBpp0088601
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00225
      Location:54 → 137
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:229 → 283
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:54 → 142
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain

    14. NM_001272735.3 → NP_001259664.1  shaker, isoform M [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259664.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, M9PJQ4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:85 → 211
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:214 → 316
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    15. NM_001169317.1 → NP_001162788.1  shaker, isoform H [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001162788.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, E1JJQ5
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00225
      Location:54 → 137
      BTB; Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac
      pfam00520
      Location:229 → 283
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
      pfam02214
      Location:54 → 142
      BTB_2; BTB/POZ domain

    16. NM_001258797.1 → NP_001245726.1  shaker, isoform K [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001245726.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7, M9NGK2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:45 → 171
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:174 → 276
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein

    17. NM_206774.2 → NP_996497.1  shaker, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_996497.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D5SHU7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cl38908
      Location:97 → 223
      BTB_POZ; BTB (Broad-Complex, Tramtrack and Bric a brac)/POZ (poxvirus and zinc finger) domain superfamily
      pfam00520
      Location:226 → 328
      Ion_trans; Ion transport protein
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    A0A0S0X7Z4 A0A0S0X7Z4
    E1JJQ5 E1JJQ5
    M9NGK2 M9NGK2
    M9PHG6 M9PHG6
    M9PJQ4 M9PJQ4
    P08510.3 P08510
    Q95SS6 Q95SS6

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Other Literature Sources
    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous