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    CD59 CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 966, updated on 19-May-2012
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    Summary

    Official Symbol
    CD59provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    CD59 molecule, complement regulatory proteinprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:1689
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000085063; HPRD:00117; MIM:107271; Vega:OTTHUMG00000166270
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    1F5; EJ16; EJ30; EL32; G344; MIN1; MIN2; MIN3; MIRL; HRF20; MACIF; MEM43; MIC11; MSK21; 16.3A5; HRF-20; MAC-IP; p18-20; MGC2354; FLJ38134; FLJ92039
    Summary
    This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that regulates complement-mediated cell lysis, and it is involved in lymphocyte signal transduction. This protein is a potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex, whereby it binds complement C8 and/or C9 during the assembly of this complex, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of multiple copies of C9 into the complex, which is necessary for osmolytic pore formation. This protein also plays a role in signal transduction pathways in the activation of T cells. Mutations in this gene cause CD59 deficiency, a disease resulting in hemolytic anemia and thrombosis, and which causes cerebral infarction. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode the same protein, have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
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    Genomic context

    Location :
    11p13
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 11; NC_000011.9 (33724556..33758025, complement)
    See CD59 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene chromosome 11 open reading frame 41 Neighboring gene chromosome 11 open reading frame 91 Neighboring gene F-box protein 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100507109

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    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

    Go to reference sequence details
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    Bibliography

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. The effects of CD59 gene as a target gene on breast cancer cells. Li B, et al. Cell Immunol, 2011. PMID 22000275.
    2. CD59 incorporation protects hepatitis C virus against complement-mediated destruction. Amet T, et al. Hepatology, 2012 Feb. PMID 21932413.
    3. Reduced expression of CD55 and CD59 on peripheral blood cells from systemic lupus erythematosus: profitable to diagnose some complications? Xu WD, et al. Cell Immunol, 2011. PMID 21802665.
    4. Anaemia & expression levels of CD35, CD55 & CD59 on red blood cells in Plasmodium falciparum malaria patients from India. Mahajan RC, et al. Indian J Med Res, 2011 Jun. PMID 21727667.
    5. Soluble CD59 expressed from an adenovirus in vivo is a potent inhibitor of complement deposition on murine liver vascular endothelium. Gandhi J, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 21720565.

    See all (130) citations in PubMed

    See citations in PubMed for homologs of this gene provided by HomoloGene

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    1. CD59 is incorporated into both cell line-derived and plasma primary hepatitis C virus virions at levels that protect against antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis.
      Title: CD59 incorporation protects hepatitis C virus against complement-mediated destruction.
    2. Overexpression of CD59 promoted the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells and inhibited anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression making CD59 a promising target in the gene therapy of breast cancer.
      Title: The effects of CD59 gene as a target gene on breast cancer cells.
    3. The lipopolysaccharide of Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were the most potent for increasing the gene expression of CD55 and CD59, and to a lesser extent CD46, after a 48-h stimulation.
      Title: Effect of periodontopathogen lipopolysaccharides and proinflammatory cytokines on CD46, CD55, and CD59 gene/protein expression by oral epithelial cells.
    4. Studies indicate that decreased expression of CD55+ and CD59+ on lymphocyte were found in 11 SLE patients accompanied by lymphocytopenia compared with controls.
      Title: Reduced expression of CD55 and CD59 on peripheral blood cells from systemic lupus erythematosus: profitable to diagnose some complications?
    5. Data show no correlation between degree of expression of RBC surface receptors CR1, CD55 and CD59 with haemoglobin level, but CD55 expression was less in malaria cases than in healthy controls.
      Title: Anaemia & expression levels of CD35, CD55 & CD59 on red blood cells in Plasmodium falciparum malaria patients from India.
    6. The viability of a non membrane-targeted soluble CD59 to significantly inhibit complement deposition on the endothelium of murine liver vasculature, was demonstrated.
      Title: Soluble CD59 expressed from an adenovirus in vivo is a potent inhibitor of complement deposition on murine liver vascular endothelium.
    7. The expression of CD59 became normal after acute promyelocytic leukemia patients achieved complete remission, which indicated that the deficient of CD59 expression was only found in APL blast cells.
      Title: [Acute promyelocytic leukemia with CD59 deficiency].
    8. Mapping the intermedilysin-human CD59 receptor interface reveals a deep correspondence with the binding site on CD59 for complement binding proteins C8alpha and C9.
      Title: Mapping the intermedilysin-human CD59 receptor interface reveals a deep correspondence with the binding site on CD59 for complement binding proteins C8alpha and C9.
    9. Data suggest that preemptive elimination of CD59-overexpressing subpopulations along with rituximab treatment may be a useful approach to ablate or conquer rituximab resistance.
      Title: Human CD59 inhibitor sensitizes rituximab-resistant lymphoma cells to complement-mediated cytolysis.
    10. A mutation in the W40 site of CD59 reduced inhibition of complement and increased proliferation of ovarian cancer A2780 cells.
      Title: [Inhibition of mutant CD59 protein on proliferation of ovarian cancer A2780 cells].
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (61)
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    Phenotypes

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    CD59 deficiency

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    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env The complement regulatory proteins CD55 (DAF) and CD59 (HRF20) exist on HIV-1 virions, along with HIV-1 gp120 molecules, suggesting an interaction between these proteins and gp120 PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 induces CD4 association with lymphocyte surface molecules CD3, CD11a, CD27, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD45RO, CD49d, CD38, CD26, CD59, CD95 and class I MHC molecules PubMed
    env Treatment of CD4+ T cells with HIV-1 gp120 significantly increases CD4 association with CD3, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD59, CD38, CD26 and HLA class I, and decreases that with CD45RC PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A peptide corresponding to the amino acids 598-613 of HIV-1 gp41, as well as recombinant gp41 protein, markedly reduce CD59 levels in a dose dependent manner in human neuronal and glial cells PubMed
    matrix gag HIV-1 Matrix co-localizes with CD59 in lipid rafts, the site of virus particle budding from cells, and CD59 is incorporated into virus particles as a result of this process PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

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    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    NP_000602.1 BAA89790.1     BIND  PubMed ILY interacts with CD59. 
    P13987 P07357 C8A    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 P02748 C9    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 P06729 CD2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 P21926 CD9    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 P08754 GNAI3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 O76036 NCR1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 O14931 NCR3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 P48029 SLC6A8    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 Q13485 SMAD4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13987 P12931 SRC    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:107404 BioGRID:107192 C8A    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:107404 BioGRID:107196 C9    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:107404 BioGRID:107363 CD8A    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:107404 BioGRID:114828 NCR1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107404 BioGRID:129224 NCR3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107404 BioGRID:1205537 gag    BioGRID  PubMed Co-fractionation 
    BioGRID:107404 BioGRID:1205539 vif    BioGRID  PubMed Co-fractionation 
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    General gene information

    Markers

    Genotypes

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Arf6 trafficking events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Arf6 trafficking events, organism-specific biosystem
      Arf6 trafficking events
    • Complement and coagulation cascades, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Complement and coagulation cascades, organism-specific biosystemThe complement system is a proteolytic cascade in blood plasma and a mediator of innate immunity, a nonspecific defense mechanism against pathogens. There are three pathways of complement activation:...
    • Complement and coagulation cascades, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Complement and coagulation cascades, conserved biosystemThe complement system is a proteolytic cascade in blood plasma and a mediator of innate immunity, a nonspecific defense mechanism against pathogens. There are three pathways of complement activation:...
    • Hematopoietic cell lineage, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hematopoietic cell lineage, organism-specific biosystemBlood-cell development progresses from a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which can undergo either self-renewal or differentiation into a multilineage committed progenitor cell: a common lymphoid proge...
    • Hematopoietic cell lineage, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hematopoietic cell lineage, conserved biosystemBlood-cell development progresses from a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which can undergo either self-renewal or differentiation into a multilineage committed progenitor cell: a common lymphoid proge...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    blood coagulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    cell surface receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    anchored to external side of plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    anchored to membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cell surface IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    membrane fraction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
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    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    CD59 glycoprotein
    Names
    CD59 glycoprotein
    protectin
    1F5 antigen
    MEM43 antigen
    Ly-6-like protein
    T cell-activating protein
    human leukocyte antigen MIC11
    lymphocytic antigen CD59/MEM43
    20 kDa homologous restriction factor
    membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis
    membrane attack complex inhibition factor
    membrane attack complex (MAC) inhibition factor
    surface anitgen recognized by monoclonal antibody 16.3A5
    CD59 antigen p18-20 (antigen identified by monoclonal antibodies 16.3A5, EJ16, EJ30, EL32 and G344)
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    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_008057.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5000..38469
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_41

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000611.5 → NP_000602.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU136899, BC001506, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000379191, OTTHUMP00000232408, ENST00000395850, OTTHUMT00000388809
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    2. NM_001127223.1 → NP_001120695.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK309894, AL049629, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000404822, OTTHUMP00000232411, ENST00000415002, OTTHUMT00000388813
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    3. NM_001127225.1 → NP_001120697.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU139541, BM680161, DA840870
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000410182, OTTHUMP00000232414, ENST00000437761, OTTHUMT00000388816
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    4. NM_001127226.1 → NP_001120698.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU139541, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000403511, OTTHUMP00000232412, ENST00000445143, OTTHUMT00000388814
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    5. NM_001127227.1 → NP_001120699.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (8) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU139009, BM680161
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000402425, OTTHUMP00000232413, ENST00000426650, OTTHUMT00000388815
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    6. NM_203329.2 → NP_976074.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU136899, BM680161, DA578905
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000432942, OTTHUMP00000232415, ENST00000527577, OTTHUMT00000388817
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    7. NM_203330.2 → NP_976075.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the same protein as variants 2-8.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU136899, BM680161, DA250543
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000434617, OTTHUMP00000232416, ENST00000528700, OTTHUMT00000388818
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    8. NM_203331.2 → NP_976076.1  CD59 glycoprotein preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All variants (1-8) encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL049629, AU136899, BM680161, DA917093
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7886.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6FHM9
      Related
      ENSP00000340210, OTTHUMP00000232410, ENST00000351554, OTTHUMT00000388811
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00117
      Location:26 – 97
      Blast Score: 128
      LU; Ly-6 antigen / uPA receptor -like domain; occurs singly in GPI-linked cell-surface glycoproteins (Ly-6 family,CD59, thymocyte B cell antigen, Sgp-2) or as three-fold repeated domain in urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor. Topology of these ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000011.9 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      33724556..33758025, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000143.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      33421201..33454193, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AL049629.28 (36528..43008) None
    genomic CH471064.2 EAW68192.1
      EAW68193.1
    genomic M84349.1 AAA88793.1
    genomic Z14113.1 CAA78486.1
    mRNA AI147924.1 None
    mRNA AK128571.1 None
    mRNA AK309894.1 None
    mRNA AK311778.1 BAG34721.1
    mRNA AL037045.3 None
    mRNA AL049957.1 None
    mRNA AL080087.1 None
    mRNA AL703204.1 None
    mRNA AU136899.1 None
    mRNA AU139009.1 None
    mRNA AU139541.1 None
    mRNA AW166662.1 None
    mRNA BC001506.2 AAH01506.1
    mRNA BC033226.1 None
    mRNA BE899630.1 None
    mRNA BG284181.1 None
    mRNA BI752924.1 None
    mRNA BM457931.1 None
    mRNA BM551313.1 None
    mRNA BM680161.1 None
    mRNA BM724931.1 None
    mRNA BM829941.1 None
    mRNA BM911556.1 None
    mRNA BQ230563.1 None
    mRNA BQ440441.1 None
    mRNA BT007104.1 AAP35768.1
    mRNA BU154979.1 None
    mRNA BX475103.1 None
    mRNA CF529941.1 None
    mRNA CR407661.1 CAG28589.1
    mRNA CR541722.1 CAG46523.1
    mRNA DA250543.1 None
    mRNA DA578905.1 None
    mRNA DA840870.1 None
    mRNA DA917093.1 None
    mRNA M27909.1 AAA60543.1
    mRNA M34671.1 AAA51952.1
    mRNA M95708.1 AAA60957.1
    mRNA X16447.1 CAA34467.1
    mRNA X17198.1 CAA35059.1
    mRNA X84805.1 None
    other-genetic DQ890640.2 ABM92257.1
    other-genetic DQ893818.2 ABM84744.1
    other-genetic EU176474.1 ABW03275.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P13987.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P13987
    Q6FHM9 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q6FHM9
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    Additional Links

    Additional Links

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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