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    CD86 CD86 molecule [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 942, updated on 20-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    CD86provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    CD86 moleculeprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:1705
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000114013; HPRD:03011; MIM:601020; Vega:OTTHUMG00000159482
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    B70; B7-2; B7.2; LAB72; CD28LG2; MGC34413
    Summary
    This gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, and it is the ligand for two proteins at the cell surface of T cells, CD28 antigen and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Binding of this protein with CD28 antigen is a costimulatory signal for activation of the T-cell. Binding of this protein with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 negatively regulates T-cell activation and diminishes the immune response. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, May 2011]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    3q21
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 3; NC_000003.11 (121774209..121839990)
    See CD86 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene solute carrier family 15 (H+/peptide transporter), member 2 Neighboring gene immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 1 Neighboring gene calcium-sensing receptor Neighboring gene heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 pseudogene 23

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Nef nef HIV-1 Nef downregulates CD86 from the cell surface in the human monocytic U937 cell line as well as in mouse macrophages and dendritic cells PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef co-localizes with MHC class I (MHCI), CD80, and CD86 in intracellular compartments by staining assays, and binds to both human CD80 and CD86 using yeast two-hybrid assays PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, CD83 and CD86 in monocyte-derived dendritic cells, thereby driving T cell-mediated immune responses PubMed
    Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr inhibits the expression of co-stimulatory molecules including CD80, CD83, and CD86 at the transcriptional level without altering normal cellular transcription during dendritic cell maturation PubMed
    vpr HIV-1 Vpr downregulates the expression of several immunologically important molecules including CD40, CD80, CD83, and CD86 co-stimulatory molecules on monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    NP_787058.2     BIND  PubMed Ad3 fiber protein homotrimer interacts with CD86. 
    P42081 P10747 CD28    HPRD  PubMed  
    P42081 P33681 CD80    HPRD  PubMed  
    P42081 P42081 CD86    HPRD  PubMed  
    P42081 P16410 CTLA4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P42081 Q5T0T0 MARCH8    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:107380 BioGRID:107875 CTLA4    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:107380 BioGRID:120348 MARCH1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107380 BioGRID:128666 MARCH8    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107380 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystemAdaptive immunity refers to antigen-specific immune response efficiently involved in clearing the pathogens. The adaptive immune system is comprised of B and T lymphocytes that express receptors with...
    • Allograft rejection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Allograft rejection, organism-specific biosystemAllograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of anti...
    • Allograft rejection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Allograft rejection, conserved biosystemAllograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of anti...
    • Autoimmune thyroid disease, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Autoimmune thyroid disease, organism-specific biosystemThe classification of autoimmune throid disease (AITD) includes Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and its variants, Graves' disease (GD) and autoimmune atrophic thyroidi...
    • Autoimmune thyroid disease, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Autoimmune thyroid disease, conserved biosystemThe classification of autoimmune throid disease (AITD) includes Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and its variants, Graves' disease (GD) and autoimmune atrophic thyroidi...
    • CD28 co-stimulation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      CD28 co-stimulation, organism-specific biosystemIn naive T cells, CD28 costimulation enhances cell cycle entry, potently stimulates expression of both the mitogenic lymphokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor, and stimulates the activation o...
    • CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      CD28 dependent PI3K/Akt signaling, organism-specific biosystemPI3Ks can be activated by a number of different receptors, including the TcR (T cell receptor), co-stimulatory receptors (CD28), cytokine receptors and chemokine receptors. However, the specific role...
    • CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway, organism-specific biosystemCD28 binds to several intracellular proteins including PI3 kinase, Grb-2, Gads and ITK. Grb-2 specifically co-operates with Vav-1 in the up-regulation of NFAT/AP-1 transcription. CD28 costimulation r...
    • CTLA4 inhibitory signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      CTLA4 inhibitory signaling, organism-specific biosystemCTLA4 is one of the best studied inhibitory receptors of the CD28 superfamily. CTLA4 inhibits Tcell activation by reducing IL2 production and IL2 expression, and by arresting T cells at the G1 phase ...
    • Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), organism-specific biosystemCell adhesion molecules are (glyco)proteins expressed on the cell surface and play a critical role in a wide array of biologic processes that include hemostasis, the immune response, inflammation, em...
    • Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), conserved biosystemCell adhesion molecules are (glyco)proteins expressed on the cell surface and play a critical role in a wide array of biologic processes that include hemostasis, the immune response, inflammation, em...
    • Costimulation by the CD28 family, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Costimulation by the CD28 family, organism-specific biosystemOptimal activation of T-lymphocytes requires at least two signals. A primary one is delivered by the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex after antigen recognition and additional costimulatory signals are d...
    • Graft-versus-host disease, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Graft-versus-host disease, organism-specific biosystemGraft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) where immunocompetent donor T cells attack the genetically disparate host cells....
    • Graft-versus-host disease, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Graft-versus-host disease, conserved biosystemGraft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) where immunocompetent donor T cells attack the genetically disparate host cells....
    • Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
    • Inflammatory Response Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Inflammatory Response Pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      Inflammatory Response Pathway
    • Intestinal immune network for IgA production, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Intestinal immune network for IgA production, organism-specific biosystemThe intestine is the largest lymphoid tissue in the body. One striking feature of intestinal immunity is its ability to generate great amounts of noninflammatory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies tha...
    • Intestinal immune network for IgA production, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Intestinal immune network for IgA production, conserved biosystemThe intestine is the largest lymphoid tissue in the body. One striking feature of intestinal immunity is its ability to generate great amounts of noninflammatory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies tha...
    • Rheumatoid arthritis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Rheumatoid arthritis, organism-specific biosystemRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling leading to progressive bone destruction. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune...
    • Rheumatoid arthritis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Rheumatoid arthritis, conserved biosystemRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling leading to progressive bone destruction. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune...
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Systemic lupus erythematosus, organism-specific biosystemSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterised by the production of IgG autoantibodies that are specific for self-antigens, such as DNA, nuclear proteins and cert...
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Systemic lupus erythematosus, conserved biosystemSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterised by the production of IgG autoantibodies that are specific for self-antigens, such as DNA, nuclear proteins and cert...
    • TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem
      TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells
    • TCR signaling in naive CD8+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      TCR signaling in naive CD8+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem
      TCR signaling in naive CD8+ T cells
    • Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors id...
    • Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors id...
    • Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors id...
    • Transcriptional misregulation in cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Transcriptional misregulation in cancer, organism-specific biosystem
      Transcriptional misregulation in cancer
    • Transcriptional misregulation in cancer, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Transcriptional misregulation in cancer, conserved biosystem
      Transcriptional misregulation in cancer
    • Type I diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type I diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystemType I diabetes mellitus is a disease that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. Certain beta-cell proteins act as autoantigens after being processed by antigen-pre...
    • Type I diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type I diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystemType I diabetes mellitus is a disease that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. Certain beta-cell proteins act as autoantigens after being processed by antigen-pre...
    • Viral myocarditis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Viral myocarditis, organism-specific biosystemMyocarditis is a cardiac disease associated with inflammation and injury of the myocardium. It results from various etiologies, both noninfectious and infectious, but coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is stil...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    coreceptor activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    B cell activation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    T cell activation IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    PubMed 
    T cell costimulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    cell-cell signaling IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    PubMed 
    defense response to virus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    immune response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    interspecies interaction between organisms IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of cell proliferation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of interleukin-4 biosynthetic process NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of lymphotoxin A biosynthetic process NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    toll-like receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    external side of plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    integral to membrane IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    PubMed 
    intracellular membrane-bounded organelle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86
    Names
    T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86
    BU63
    FUN-1
    CTLA-4 counter-receptor B7.2
    B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2
    CD86 antigen (CD28 antigen ligand 2, B7-2 antigen)

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029928.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..70780
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001206924.1NP_001193853.1  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 4 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (4) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK291497, AK294663, BC040261, BX093060, DA619360
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56272.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K632
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z2F3
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P42081
      Related
      ENSP00000420230, OTTHUMP00000215514, ENST00000493101, OTTHUMT00000355674
    2. NM_001206925.1NP_001193854.1  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 5

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an alternate coding exon compared to variant 1, that causes a frameshift. The resulting isoform (5) is made from a downstream translation start site compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK291497, AK316203, BC040261, BX093060, DA619360
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS56273.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K632
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z702
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P42081
      Related
      ENSP00000418988, OTTHUMP00000215513, ENST00000469710, OTTHUMT00000355673
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl11960
      Location:231
      Blast Score: 89
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    3. NM_006889.4NP_008820.3  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) includes an alternate exon in the 5' UTR, resulting in the use of a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. Isoform 2 has a shorter N-terminus than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK291497, BC040261, BX093060, CD705810, U04343
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43138.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K632
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P42081
      Related
      ENSP00000377248, OTTHUMP00000215512, ENST00000393627, OTTHUMT00000355672
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00406
      Location:29104
      Blast Score: 153
      IGv; Immunoglobulin V-Type
      cl11960
      Location:28107
      Blast Score: 131
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    4. NM_175862.4NP_787058.4  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 1 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1) of this protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK291497, BC040261, BX093060, DA619360
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3009.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K632
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P42081
      Related
      ENSP00000332049, OTTHUMP00000215511, ENST00000330540, OTTHUMT00000355671
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00406
      Location:35110
      Blast Score: 153
      IGv; Immunoglobulin V-Type
      cl11960
      Location:34113
      Blast Score: 131
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    5. NM_176892.1NP_795711.1  T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform 3 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) includes an alternate exon in the 5' UTR, resulting in the use of a downstream start codon compared to variant 1. It also lacks an in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3, also known as CD86deltaTM) has a shorter N-terminus and lacks an internal segment compared to isoform 1. This isoform is the soluble form of this protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK291497, BC040261, BX093060, CD705810, U04343
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K632
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P42081
      Related
      ENSP00000417195, OTTHUMP00000215515, ENST00000478741, OTTHUMT00000355675
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00406
      Location:29104
      Blast Score: 152
      IGv; Immunoglobulin V-Type
      cl11960
      Location:28107
      Blast Score: 130
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      121774209..121839990
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000135.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      119148000..119213630
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AC068630.21 (85985..99587) None
    genomic CH471052.2 EAW79493.1
      EAW79494.1
    genomic EF064748.1 ABK41931.1
    genomic U17722.1 AAA86473.1
    mRNA AK291497.1 BAF84186.1
    mRNA AK294663.1 BAH11839.1
    mRNA AK301237.1 BAH13438.1
    mRNA AK313103.1 BAG35926.1
    mRNA AK316203.1 BAH14574.1
    mRNA BC040261.1 AAH40261.1
    mRNA BX093060.1 None
    mRNA CD705810.1 None
    mRNA CR541844.1 CAG46642.1
    mRNA DA619360.1 None
    mRNA L25259.1 AAA58389.1
    mRNA U04343.1 AAB03814.1
    other-genetic DQ890617.2 ABM92234.1
    other-genetic DQ893787.2 ABM84713.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P42081.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P42081

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