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    CD19 CD19 molecule [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 930, updated on 19-May-2012
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    Summary

    Official Symbol
    CD19provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    CD19 moleculeprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:1633
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000177455; HPRD:00113; MIM:107265; Vega:OTTHUMG00000097049
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    B4; CVID3; MGC12802
    Summary
    Lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate in response to various concentrations of different antigens. The ability of the B cell to respond in a specific, yet sensitive manner to the various antigens is achieved with the use of low-affinity antigen receptors. This gene encodes a cell surface molecule which assembles with the antigen receptor of B lymphocytes in order to decrease the threshold for antigen receptor-dependent stimulation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
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    Genomic context

    Location :
    16p11.2
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 16; NC_000016.9 (28943260..28950668)
    See CD19 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100289092 Neighboring gene ATPase, Ca++ transporting, cardiac muscle, fast twitch 1 Neighboring gene rabaptin, RAB GTPase binding effector protein 2 Neighboring gene nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 2 interacting protein Neighboring gene microRNA 4517 Neighboring gene spinster homolog 1 (Drosophila)

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    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

    Go to reference sequence details
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    Bibliography

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Association study of B-cell marker gene polymorphisms in European Caucasian patients with systemic sclerosis. Dawidowicz K, et al. Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2011 Sep-Oct. PMID 21961844.
    2. IL-10 is predominantly produced by CD19(low)CD5(+) regulatory B cell subpopulation: characterisation of CD19 (high) and CD19(low) subpopulations of CD5(+) B cells. Lee JH, et al. Yonsei Med J, 2011 Sep. PMID 21786452.
    3. Agammaglobulinemia associated with BCR⁻ B cells and enhanced expression of CD19. Dobbs AK, et al. Blood, 2011 Aug 18. PMID 21693761.
    4. Telomere length in myelodysplastic syndromes. Rollison DE, et al. Leuk Lymphoma, 2011 Aug. PMID 21635204.
    5. Stem-like tumor cells confer drug resistant properties to mantle cell lymphoma. Jung HJ, et al. Leuk Lymphoma, 2011 Jun. PMID 21599592.

    See all (74) citations in PubMed

    See citations in PubMed for homologs of this gene provided by HomoloGene

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    1. Results obtained through a large cohort of European caucasian patients with systemic sclerosis do not support the contribution of CD19, CD20, CD22, CD24 variants to the genetic susceptibility.
      Title: Association study of B-cell marker gene polymorphisms in European Caucasian patients with systemic sclerosis.
    2. Data indicate that among MDS cases, CD15+ and CD19+ cell TLs were positively correlated, and PBL TL was was not associated with hTERT genotype.
      Title: Telomere length in myelodysplastic syndromes.
    3. immunological significance of CD19 for the IL-10 production by CD5(+) B cells
      Title: IL-10 is predominantly produced by CD19(low)CD5(+) regulatory B cell subpopulation: characterisation of CD19 (high) and CD19(low) subpopulations of CD5(+) B cells.
    4. Studies showed the qualitative and quantitative expression of four target surface antigens, CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD33, for which MoAbs are currently available for clinical use, in ALL.
      Title: Flow cytometric study of potential target antigens (CD19, CD20, CD22, CD33) for antibody-based immunotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: analysis of 552 cases.
    5. Data show that CD45+CD19- MCL-ICs play a role in the drug resistance of MCL, and this drug resistance was largely due to quiescent properties with enriched ABC transporters.
      Title: Stem-like tumor cells confer drug resistant properties to mantle cell lymphoma.
    6. Identified are four patients with agammaglobulinemia and markedly reduced but detectable B cells in the peripheral circulation. These B cells have an unusual phenotype characterized by increased expression of CD19 but no BCR.
      Title: Agammaglobulinemia associated with BCR⁻ B cells and enhanced expression of CD19.
    7. A missense mutation of CD19 in the conserved tryptophan 41 in immunoglobulin superfamily domain resulted in antibody deficiency.
      Title: Antibody deficiency due to a missense mutation in CD19 demonstrates the importance of the conserved tryptophan 41 in immunoglobulin superfamily domain formation.
    8. Data suggest that CD19 and CD33 are present on the surface of the leukemic cell lines such that they can be connected by a single sctb molecule.
      Title: A single-chain triplebody with specificity for CD19 and CD33 mediates effective lysis of mixed lineage leukemia cells by dual targeting.
    9. CD23 and CD19 are important factors that associated with serum total IgE in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.
      Title: [Expression of CD23 and CD19 on peripheral blood lymphocytes and its association with serum total IgE in patients with allergic rhinitis].
    10. binding sites for CD19 and CD16 have a role in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against B-lymphoid tumor cells
      Title: Heterodimeric bispecific antibody-derivatives against CD19 and CD16 induce effective antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against B-lymphoid tumor cells.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (42)
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    Phenotypes

    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Antibody deficiency due to defect in CD19

    Genome-wide meta-analysis increases to 71 the number of confirmed Crohn's disease susceptibility loci.

    Immunodeficiency, common variable, 3

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    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    P15391 P00519 ABL1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 Q06187 BTK    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P22681 CBL    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P20273 CD22    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P11912 CD79A    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P40259 CD79B    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P60033 CD81    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P27701 CD82    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P21926 CD9    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P20023 CR2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P06241 FYN    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P62993 GRB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P07948 LYN    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P28482 MAPK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P27986 PIK3R1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P16885 PLCG2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 Q07889 SOS1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P43405 SYK    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P15498 VAV1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P15391 P52735 VAV2    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:107371 CD22    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:107411 CD79A    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:107412 CD79B    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:107413 CD81    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:109935 CD82    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:107366 CD9    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:107771 CR2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:114091 IFITM1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:112717 SYK    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:113252 VAV1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:107368 BioGRID:113253 VAV2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
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    General gene information

    Markers

    Genotypes

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystemAdaptive immunity refers to antigen-specific immune response efficiently involved in clearing the pathogens. The adaptive immune system is comprised of B and T lymphocytes that express receptors with...
    • Antigen Activates B Cell Receptor Leading to Generation of Second Messengers, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Antigen Activates B Cell Receptor Leading to Generation of Second Messengers, organism-specific biosystemMature B cells express IgM and IgD immunoglobulins which are complexed with Ig-alpha (CD79A, MB-1) and Ig-beta (CD79B, B29) to form the B cell receptor (BCR) (Fu et al. 1974, Fu et al. 1975, Kunkel e...
    • B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe B cell receptor includes membrane ?? heavy chain molecules bound to a light chain and an Ig alpha (CD79A)/Ig beta (CD79B) heterodimer. Activation of the B cell receptor involves phosphorylation o...
    • B cell receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      B cell receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemB cells are an important component of adaptive immunity. They produce and secrete millions of different antibody molecules, each of which recognizes a different (foreign) antigen. The B cell receptor...
    • B cell receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      B cell receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystemB cells are an important component of adaptive immunity. They produce and secrete millions of different antibody molecules, each of which recognizes a different (foreign) antigen. The B cell receptor...
    • BCR signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      BCR signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      BCR signaling pathway
    • Epstein-Barr virus infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Epstein-Barr virus infection, organism-specific biosystemEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that is associated with oncogenesis. EBV infection to primary human B lymphocytes leads to induction of EBV-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxi...
    • Epstein-Barr virus infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Epstein-Barr virus infection, conserved biosystemEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that is associated with oncogenesis. EBV infection to primary human B lymphocytes leads to induction of EBV-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxi...
    • Hematopoietic cell lineage, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hematopoietic cell lineage, organism-specific biosystemBlood-cell development progresses from a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which can undergo either self-renewal or differentiation into a multilineage committed progenitor cell: a common lymphoid proge...
    • Hematopoietic cell lineage, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hematopoietic cell lineage, conserved biosystemBlood-cell development progresses from a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which can undergo either self-renewal or differentiation into a multilineage committed progenitor cell: a common lymphoid proge...
    • Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
    • Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell, organism-specific biosystemA number of receptors and cell adhesion molecules play a key role in modifying the response of cells of lymphoid origin (such as B-, T- and NK cells) to self and tumor antigens, as well as to pathoge...
    • Primary immunodeficiency, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Primary immunodeficiency, organism-specific biosystemPrimary immunodeficiencies (PIs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders, which affect cellular and humoral immunity or non-specific host defense mechanisms mediated by complement proteins, and cells ...
    • Primary immunodeficiency, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Primary immunodeficiency, conserved biosystemPrimary immunodeficiencies (PIs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders, which affect cellular and humoral immunity or non-specific host defense mechanisms mediated by complement proteins, and cells ...
    • Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR), organism-specific biosystemMature B cells express IgM and IgD immunoglobulins which are complexed at the plasma membrane with Ig-alpha (CD79A, MB-1) and Ig-beta (CD79B, B29) to form the B cell receptor (BCR) (Fu et al. 1974, F...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    receptor signaling protein activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    cell surface receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    cellular defense response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    regulation of immune response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    external side of plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    integral to plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
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    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    B-lymphocyte antigen CD19
    Names
    B-lymphocyte antigen CD19
    differentiation antigen CD19
    T-cell surface antigen Leu-12
    B-lymphocyte surface antigen B4
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    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_007275.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..12409
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_35

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001178098.1 → NP_001171569.1  B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 isoform 1 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AA760729, AK313577, BC006338, DA959905
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS53998.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F5H635
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P15391
      Related
      ENSP00000437940, ENST00000538922
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd04979
      Location:22 – 115
      Blast Score: 120
      Ig_Semaphorin_C; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of semaphorin
      cl11960
      Location:185 – 274
      Blast Score: 91
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

    2. NM_001770.5 → NP_001761.3  B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. This results in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA760729, BC006338, DA959905
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS10644.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P15391
      Related
      ENSP00000313419, OTTHUMP00000122551, ENST00000324662, OTTHUMT00000214152
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd04979
      Location:22 – 115
      Blast Score: 120
      Ig_Semaphorin_C; Immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of semaphorin
      cl11960
      Location:185 – 274
      Blast Score: 90
      Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000016.9 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      28943260..28950668
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000148.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      26811236..26818644
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AB052799.1 BAB60954.1
    genomic AC109460.3 (64508..71893) None
    genomic AF045018.1 AAD02340.1
    genomic CH471267.1 EAW52008.1
      EAW52009.1
      EAW52010.1
      EAW52011.1
      EAW52012.1
      EAW52013.1
    genomic M62550.1 AAB60697.1
    genomic M84371.1 AAA69966.1
    mRNA AA760729.1 None
    mRNA AK130657.1 BAC85403.1
    mRNA AK301167.1 BAG62756.1
    mRNA AK301363.1 BAG62907.1
    mRNA AK304456.1 BAG65273.1
    mRNA AK307295.1 None
    mRNA AK313577.1 None
    mRNA BC006338.2 AAH06338.1
    mRNA BC052294.1 None
    mRNA DA959905.1 None
    mRNA M21097.1 AAA35533.1
    mRNA X13312.1 None
    other-genetic DQ893016.2 ABM83942.1
    other-genetic DQ896261.2 ABM87260.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P15391.6 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P15391
    Q6ZNU2 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q6ZNU2
    Q71UW0 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q71UW0
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    Additional Links

    Additional Links

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Medical
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous

      Supplemental Content

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