CCNT1 cyclin T1 [Homo sapiens] - Gene

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Summary

Official Symbol: CCNT1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: cyclin T1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:1599
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000129315; HPRD:03938; MIM:143055; Vega:OTTHUMG00000170393
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CCNT; CYCT1; HIVE1; FLJ11223; DKFZp313A1331; DKFZp313N0919; DKFZp313O1211
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance through the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. This cyclin tightly associates with CDK9 kinase, and was found to be a major subunit of the transcription elongation factor p-TEFb. The kinase complex containing this cyclin and the elongation factor can interact with, and act as a cofactor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein, and was shown to be both necessary and sufficient for full activation of viral transcription. This cyclin and its kinase partner were also found to be involved in the phosphorylation and regulation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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Genomic context

Location :: 12q13.11

Sequence :: Chromosome: 12; NC_000012.11 (49082245..49086229, complement); Chromosome: 12; NC_000012.11 (49086752..49110781, complement)

See CCNT1 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

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Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Genomic Sequence

Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

Go to reference sequence details

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Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

N-terminal residues in cyclin T1 are specifically involved in the binding of cyclin T1 to HEXIM1 but not to Tat.
Title: Functional characterization of a human cyclin T1 mutant reveals a different binding surface for Tat and HEXIM1.
MiR-27b, miR-29b, miR-223, and miR-150 are regulators of cyclin T1 protein levels and HIV-1 replication in resting CD4+ T cells.
Title: Regulation of cyclin T1 and HIV-1 Replication by microRNAs in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes.
The role of the CycT1 N-terminal region in Tat action, was investigated.
Title: Functional characterization of human cyclin T1 N-terminal region for human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat transcriptional activation.
This investigation reveals a novel mechanism of cyclin T1 regulation and establishes NF90 as a regulator of HIV-1 replication during both productive infection and induction from latency.
Title: HIV-1 replication and latency are regulated by translational control of cyclin T1.
Cyclin K inhibits HIV-1 gene expression and replication by interfering with cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9)-cyclin T1 interaction in Nef-dependent manner.
Title: Cyclin K inhibits HIV-1 gene expression and replication by interfering with cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9)-cyclin T1 interaction in Nef-dependent manner.
HCMV inter-regulation with CDK9/cyclin T1 is at least partly based on a pUL69-cylin T1 interaction.
Title: Recruitment of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 to nuclear compartments during cytomegalovirus late replication: importance of an interaction between viral pUL69 and cyclin T1.
study showed that P-TEFb and Dengue virus (DENV) core protein work in concert to enhance IL-8 gene expression by DENV infection
Title: Positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) contributes to dengue virus-stimulated induction of interleukin-8 (IL-8).
results suggest that cyclin T1/CDK9 serves as an adapter to mediate the interaction of influenza A virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and RNA Pol II and promote viral transcription
Title: Cyclin T1/CDK9 interacts with influenza A virus polymerase and facilitates its association with cellular RNA polymerase II.
Cyclin T1 oncogenic function and suggest a role for this protein in controlling cell cycle probably via Rb/E2F1 pathway.
Title: Cyclin T1 overexpression induces malignant transformation and tumor growth.
binding to Cyclin T1 induces an asymmetry or sterical hindrance in the first coiled coil segment of dimeric Hexim1 that disallows formation of a 2:2 complex.
Title: A flexible bipartite coiled coil structure is required for the interaction of Hexim1 with the P-TEFB subunit cyclin T1.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (62)

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Phenotypes

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

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HIV-1 protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Cyclin T1-P-TEFb is important for prostratin stimulation of HIV-1 virus expression in the presence of functional Tat	PubMed
	tat	Cyclin T1 is capable of recruiting CDK9 and HIV-1 Tat to splicing factor-rich nuclear speckle regions, suggesting nuclear speckles are a site of P-TEFb and Tat function	PubMed
	tat	The up and downregulation of expression of CDK9 and cyclin T1 or sequestration of cyclin T1 in infected cells may regulate HIV-1 latency by up or downregulating HIV-1 Tat transcriptional activation	PubMed
	tat	The interaction of HIV-1 Tat with HIV-1 Transcription Activation Response (TAR) RNA is enhanced by the interaction of Tat with P-TEFb, and TAR RNA also enhances the interaction between Tat and cyclin T1	PubMed
	tat	P-TEFb interacts with HIV-1 Tat as part of both the HIV-1 transcription preinitiation and elongation complexes	PubMed
	tat	The growth factor granulin and the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein regulate HIV-1 Tat-mediated transcriptional activation by competing with the Tat interaction with cyclin T1/P-TEFb	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat-mediated stimulation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphorylation by P-TEFb leads to stimulation of co-transcriptional capping of HIV-1 mRNA	PubMed
	tat	IL-10 inhibits HIV-1 gene expression in an HIV-1 Tat-dependent manner by downregulating cyclin T1 expression through the induction of proteasome-mediated proteolysis in human macrophages	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat interaction with cyclin T1 is required for the repression of mannose receptor (MR) and bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 (BMPR2) promoters	PubMed
	tat	PARP1 negatively regulates HIV-1 transcription by directly competing with Tat-P-TEFb complex for binding to TAR RNA	PubMed
	tat	Expression of human cyclin T1 in transgenic mice is sufficient to support HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation in primary mouse CD4 T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages and increases in vitro and in vivo HIV-1 production	PubMed
	tat	SKIP is required for Tat transactivation in vivo and stimulates HIV-1 transcription elongation by associating with CycT1:CDK9 (P-TEFb) and Tat:P-TEFb complexes both in nuclear extracts and in recombinant Tat:P-TEFb:TAR RNA complexes in vitro	PubMed
	tat	The p160 nuclear receptor co-activator GRIP1 binds to the N-terminal region of HIV-1 Tat, bridging HIV-1 LTR promoter-bound factors to the Tat-P-TEFb complex and enhancing the transactivating activity of Tat	PubMed
	tat	Tat-SF1 is a required cofactor for HIV-1 Tat activity that complexes with P-TEFb and Tat, and stimulates Tat-mediated activation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter	PubMed
	tat	P-TEFb, Puralpha and HIV-1 Tat cooperate to activate the TNFalpha promoter	PubMed
	tat	Hsp70 and Hsp90/Cdc37 stabilize CDK9 as well as the assembly of an active P-TEFb complex which is stimulated by HIV-1 Tat during HIV-1 transcriptional activation	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat competes with CIITA for the binding to P-TEFb, leading to the downregulation of MHC class II gene expression	PubMed
	tat	MAQ1 and 7SK RNA interact with P-TEFb and compete with the binding of HIV-1 Tat to cyclin T1, suggesting the TAR RNA/Tat lentivirus system evolved to subvert the cellular 7SK RNA/MAQ1 system	PubMed
	tat	The human I-mfa domain-containing protein (HIC) interacts with both P-TEFb and HIV-1 Tat, and modulates Tat transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter	PubMed
	tat	Amino acids 260-263 of cyclin T1 are critical for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transcriptional activation, and mediate the species specificity of cyclin T1 and P-TEFb binding to Tat	PubMed
	tat	P-TEFb regulates HIV-1 Tat-mediated activation of transcription through two built-in autoinhibitory mechanisms, autophosphorylation of CDK9 and cyclin T1 binding to the transcription elongation factor Tat-SF1	PubMed
	tat	P-TEFb is required for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transcriptional activation	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat recruits P-TEFb to the HIV-1 Transcription Activation Response (TAR) RNA during Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter	PubMed
	tat	During HIV-1 Tat mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter, Tat stimulates the phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II by P-TEFb, leading to transcription elongation	PubMed
	tat	Acetylation of HIV-1 Tat by cellular histone acetyltransferases regulates the binding of Tat to P-TEFb	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat stimulates the phosphorylation of SPT5 by P-TEFb during transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter	PubMed
	tat	The N-terminus (amino acids 1-48, including activation domain) of HIV-1 Tat binds to P-TEFb through a direct interaction with the N-terminus (amino acids 1-290) of cyclin T1 during Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter	PubMed
Vpr	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr binds to cyclin T1 (amino acids 300-479) in a ternary complex of HIV-1 Tat, Vpr, Cyclin T1, and CDK9, and enhances Tat transactivation of the viral LTR promoter	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Source	Pubs	Description
NP_001231.2	NP_001252.1	CDK9	BIND	PubMed	Cyclin T1 interacts with CDK9.
NP_001231.2	NP_001252.1	CDK9	BIND	PubMed	CyclinT1 interacts with Cdk9.
NP_001231.2	NP_001252.1	CDK9	BIND	PubMed	CycT1 interacts with CDK9. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between CycT1 from an unspecified species and human CDK9.
NP_001231.2	NP_002078.1	GRN	BIND	PubMed	Cyclin T1 interacts with granulin.
NP_001231.2	NP_006531.1	NCOA2	BIND	PubMed	Cyclin T1 interacts with GRIP1.
NP_001231.2	NP_036477.1	NUFIP1	BIND	PubMed	CyclinT1 interacts with NUFIP.
NP_001231.2	NP_057853.1	tat	BIND	PubMed	Tat interacts with cyclin T1.
NP_001231.2	NP_057852.2	vpr	BIND	PubMed	Vpr interacts with cyclin T1.
NP_001231.2	P04614		BIND	PubMed	Tat interacts with cyclin T1.
O60563	Q9UHB7	AFF4	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	P35869	AHR	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	O60563	CCNT1	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	P50750	CDK9	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	P03372	ESR1	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Q4V328	GRIPAP1	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	P28799	GRN	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Cardiac lineage protein 1	HEXIM1	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Hexamthylene bis-acetamide inducible 2	HEXIM2	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Q96JB3	HIC2	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	P15515	HTN1	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	P01106	MYC	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Q15596	NCOA2	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Q9UHK0	NUFIP1	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	P29590	PML	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Q00577	PURA	HPRD	PubMed
O60563	Q13309	SKP2	HPRD	PubMed
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:110445	AFF1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:118016	AFF4	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:106699	AHR	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:117036	BRD4	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:107459	CDK9	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity; Phenotypic Suppression; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:223714	Cdk9	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:228971	Dot1l	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:236625	Ep300	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:121210	GRIPAP1	BioGRID	PubMed	Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:109153	GRN	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:109217	GTF2F1	BioGRID	PubMed	Biochemical Activity
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:199841	Gata4	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:115860	HEXIM1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:109420	HNRNPA1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:118149	HTATSF1	BioGRID	PubMed	Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:128743	KDM1B	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:110319	MAX	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:119002	MDFIC	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:121122	MEPCE	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:110443	MLL	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:110444	MLLT1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:110446	MLLT3	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:110690	MYBL2	BioGRID	PubMed	Phenotypic Suppression
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:110694	MYC	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:115761	NCOA2	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:117807	NUFIP1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:111246	PGC	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:111384	PML	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; FRET; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:111391	PMS1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:111426	POLR2A	BioGRID	PubMed	Biochemical Activity
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:159574	POLR2A	BioGRID	PubMed	Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:111772	PURA	BioGRID	PubMed	Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:116597	SNW1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:112697	SUPT5H	BioGRID	PubMed	Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:112742	TAF7	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:112761	TAT	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:112872	TERF1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:112873	TERF2	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:113164	UBC	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:120250	WHSC1L1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:107343	BioGRID:1205541	tat	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western; Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
chromatin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
protein kinase binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
snRNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
transcription regulatory region DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
cell cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
gene expression	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
interspecies interaction between organisms	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
positive regulation of viral transcription	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
protein phosphorylation	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
viral reproduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
NOT nucleolus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

Preferred Names: cyclin-T1

Names: cyclin-T1; cyclin-T; cyclin T1b; cyclin C-related protein; CDK9-associated C-type protein; Human immunodeficiency virus-1 expression; subunit of positive elongation transcription factor b; human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) expression (elevated) 1

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NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001240.3 → NP_001231.2 cyclin-T1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC079951, AF045161, BX098766

Consensus CDS

CCDS8766.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O60563

Related

ENSP00000261900, OTTHUMP00000243665, ENST00000261900, OTTHUMT00000408853

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd00043
Location:38 – 109
Blast Score: 161

CYCLIN; Cyclin box fold. Protein binding domain functioning in cell-cycle and transcription control. Present in cyclins, TFIIB and Retinoblastoma (RB).The cyclins consist of 8 classes of cell cycle regulators that regulate cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs). TFIIB ...

COG5333
Location:32 – 217
Blast Score: 209

CCL1; Cdk activating kinase (CAK)/RNA polymerase II transcription initiation/nucleotide excision repair factor TFIIH/TFIIK, cyclin H subunit [Cell division and chromosome partitioning / Transcription / DNA replication, recombination, and repair]

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000012.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Range

49082245..49086229, complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate HuRef

Genomic

AC_000144.1 Alternate HuRef

Range

46116318..46120303, complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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Related Sequences

Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version	Protein
genomic	AC079951.35 (149761..177765)	None
genomic	AF255307.1	AAF72184.1
genomic	CH471111.1	EAW57998.1
mRNA	AF045161.1	AAC39638.1
mRNA	AF048730.1	AAC39664.1
mRNA	AK002085.1	None
mRNA	AK290990.1	BAF83679.1
mRNA	AL832083.1	None
mRNA	BX098766.1	None
mRNA	BX537514.1	None
mRNA	BX537516.1	None
mRNA	EF688064.1	ABV58572.1
other-genetic	BC156506.1	AAI56507.1
other-genetic	BC172543.1	AAI72543.1