- Activated TLR4 signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Activated TLR4 signalling, organism-specific biosystemTLR4 is unique among the TLR family in its ability to recruit four adapters to activate two distinct signaling pathways. One pathway is activated by the pair of the adapters Mal or TIRAP (Toll/inter...
- Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystemApoptosis is a distinct form of cell death that is functionally and morphologically different from necrosis. Nuclear chromatin condensation, cytoplasmic shrinking, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and ...
- Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystemApoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanisms of cell death involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. The 2 major pathways of apoptosis are the extrinsic (Fas and other TNFR superfamily me...
- Apoptosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Apoptosis, conserved biosystemApoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanisms of cell death involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. The 2 major pathways of apoptosis are the extrinsic (Fas and other TNFR superfamily me...
- Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystemApoptosis is a distinct form of cell death that is functionally and morphologically different from necrosis. Nuclear chromatin condensation, cytoplasmic shrinking, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and ...
- Apoptosis Modulation by HSP70, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Apoptosis Modulation by HSP70, organism-specific biosystem
Apoptosis Modulation by HSP70
- Caspase cascade in apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Caspase cascade in apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem
Caspase cascade in apoptosis
- Caspase-8 activation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Caspase-8 activation, organism-specific biosystemCaspase-8 is synthesized as zymogen (procaspase-8) and is formed from procaspase-8 as a cleavage product. However, the cleavage itself appears not to be sufficient for the formation of an active casp...
- Ceramide signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Ceramide signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
Ceramide signaling pathway
- Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting foreign DNA from invading microbes or host cells and generating innate immune responses. DAI is the first identified s...
- Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, conserved biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting foreign DNA from invading microbes or host cells and generating innate immune responses. DAI is the first identified s...
- Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cytosolic sensors of pathogen-associated DNA, organism-specific biosystemPresence of pathogen-associated DNA in cytosol induces type I IFN production. Several intracellular receptors have been implicated to some degree. These include DNA-dependent activator of interferon ...
- DAI mediated induction of type I IFNs, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DAI mediated induction of type I IFNs, organism-specific biosystemDNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors (DAI), also known as Z-DNA-binding protein-1 (ZBP-1), was reported to initiate innate immune responses in murine L929 cells upon stimulation by multi...
- Death Receptor Signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Death Receptor Signalling, organism-specific biosystemThe death receptors, all cell-surface receptors, begin the process of caspase activation. The common feature of these type 1 transmembrane proteins is the "death-domain" a conserved cytoplasmic motif...
- Dimerization of procaspase-8, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Dimerization of procaspase-8, organism-specific biosystemProcaspase-8 monomers undergo dimerization. The dimerization event occurs at death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and results in a reposition of the procaspase-8 inter-subunit linker to become acc...
- EGFR1 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
EGFR1 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe androgen receptor is a member of the nuclear receptor family of ligand activated transcription factors. These receptors bind to steroid hormones, thyroid hormone, retinoids and vitamin D among ot...
- Epstein-Barr virus infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Epstein-Barr virus infection, organism-specific biosystemEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that is associated with oncogenesis. EBV infection to primary human B lymphocytes leads to induction of EBV-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxi...
- Epstein-Barr virus infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Epstein-Barr virus infection, conserved biosystemEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that is associated with oncogenesis. EBV infection to primary human B lymphocytes leads to induction of EBV-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxi...
- Extrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Extrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystemKnown as the "death receptor pathway" the extrinsic or caspase 8/10 dependent pathway is activated by ligand binding. The "death receptors" are specialized cell-surface receptors including Fas/CD95, ...
- FAS (CD95) signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
FAS (CD95) signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
FAS (CD95) signaling pathway
- HIV-1 Nef: Negative effector of Fas and TNF-alpha, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
HIV-1 Nef: Negative effector of Fas and TNF-alpha, organism-specific biosystem
HIV-1 Nef: Negative effector of Fas and TNF-alpha
- Hepatitis C, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Hepatitis C, organism-specific biosystemHepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease. The HCV employ several strategies to perturb host cell immunity. After invasion, HCV RNA genome functions directly as an mRNA in the...
- Hepatitis C, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Hepatitis C, conserved biosystemHepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease. The HCV employ several strategies to perturb host cell immunity. After invasion, HCV RNA genome functions directly as an mRNA in the...
- IKK complex recruitment mediated by RIP1, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
IKK complex recruitment mediated by RIP1, organism-specific biosystemReceptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) mediates the activation of proinflammatory cytokines via intermediate induction of IKK complex in NFkB pathways [Ea et al. 2006]. Poly(I-C) treatment stimulated ...
- Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
- Innate Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Innate Immune System, organism-specific biosystemInnate immunity encompases the nonspecific part of immunity tha are part of an individual's natural biologic makeup
- MyD88-independent cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
MyD88-independent cascade, organism-specific biosystemMyD88-independent signaling route utilizes TRAM and TRIF adapters, that are essential for production of both type 1 interferons(IFNs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. TRAM is thought to bridge between...
- NF-kB activation through FADD/RIP-1 pathway mediated by caspase-8 and -10, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
NF-kB activation through FADD/RIP-1 pathway mediated by caspase-8 and -10, organism-specific biosystemFas-associateddeathdomain (FADD) and receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1) are death domain containing molecules that interact with the C-terminal portion of IPS-1 and induce NF-kB through interactio...
- NF-kappa B signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
NF-kappa B signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemNuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) is the generic name of a family of transcription factors that function as dimers and regulate genes involved in immunity, inflammation and cell survival. There are...
- RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting viral pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Non-self RNA appearing in a cell as a result of intracellular ...
- RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting viral pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Non-self RNA appearing in a cell as a result of intracellular ...
- RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
RIG-I/MDA5 mediated induction of IFN-alpha/beta pathways, organism-specific biosystemRIG-I-like helicases (RLHs) the retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) are RNA helicases that recognize viral RNA present within the cytoplasm. F...
- RIP-mediated NFkB activation via DAI, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
RIP-mediated NFkB activation via DAI, organism-specific biosystemOverexpression of human or murine DAI in human embryonic kidney 293T cells (HEK293T) activated NF-kB-dependent promoter in a dose-dependent manner. Two RHIM-contaning kinases RIP1 and RIP3 are implic...
- Regulation of p38-alpha and p38-beta, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Regulation of p38-alpha and p38-beta, organism-specific biosystem
Regulation of p38-alpha and p38-beta
- TNF receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
TNF receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
TNF receptor signaling pathway
- TNF signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
TNF signaling, organism-specific biosystemThe Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mediated apoptosis pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases including sepsis, diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, multiple scler...
- TNF-alpha/NF-kB Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
TNF-alpha/NF-kB Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem"The Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine belonging to the TNF superfamily. It signals through 2 separate receptors - TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B, both members of the TNF receptor supe...
- TRAIL signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
TRAIL signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
TRAIL signaling pathway
- TRIF-mediated TLR3/TLR4 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
TRIF-mediated TLR3/TLR4 signaling, organism-specific biosystemTRIF was shown to induce IRF3/7 and NF-?B activation and apoptosis through distinct intracellular signaling pathways [Han KJ et al 2004; Kaiser WJ and Offermann MK et al 2005]. TRIF consists of an N...
- TRIF-mediated programmed cell death, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
TRIF-mediated programmed cell death, organism-specific biosystemTLR3 and -4 trigger TRIF-dependent programmed cell death in various human and mouse cells [Kalai M et al 2002; Han KJ et al 2004; Kaiser WJ and Offermann MK 2005; Estornes Y et al 2012; He S et al 20...
- TWEAK Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
TWEAK Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemTNF related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a small pleiotropic cytokine of the TNF super family and its gene is located at chromosome 17p13.1. TWEAK has been reported to be expressed in tissues...
- Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Toll Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Cascade, organism-specific biosystemToll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) as was shown for mammals is expressed on myeloid dendritic cells, respiratory epithelium, macrophages, and appears to play a central role in mediating the antiviral and in...
- Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Cascade, organism-specific biosystemToll-like Receptor 4 is a Microbe Associated Molecular Pattern receptor well known for it's sensitivity to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS is assembled within diverse Gram-negative bacteria,...
- Toll-Like Receptors Cascades, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Toll-Like Receptors Cascades, organism-specific biosystemIn human, ten members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family (TLR1-TLR10) have been identified (TLR11 has been found in mouse, but not in human). All TLRs have a similar Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) doma...
- Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors id...
- Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors id...
- Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors id...
- p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemp38 MAPKs are members of the MAPK family that are activated by a variety of environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines. Stress signals are delivered to this cascade by members of small GTPases...