- AGE/RAGE pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
AGE/RAGE pathway, organism-specific biosystemAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) are heterogeneous group of non-enzymatic malliard reaction products of aldose sugar with proteins and lipids. Formation of AGEs is an indicator of one of the ma...
- Activation of Chaperone Genes by XBP1(S), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Activation of Chaperone Genes by XBP1(S), organism-specific biosystemXbp-1 (S) binds the sequence CCACG in ER Stress Responsive Elements (ERSE, consensus sequence CCAAT (N)9 CCACG) located upstream from many genes. The ubiquitous transcription factor NF-Y, a heterotri...
- Activation of Chaperones by IRE1alpha, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Activation of Chaperones by IRE1alpha, organism-specific biosystemIRE1-alpha is a single-pass transmembrane protein that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. The C-terminus of IRE1-alpha is located in the cytosol; the N-terminus is located in the ER ...
- Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystemAdaptive immunity refers to antigen-specific immune response efficiently involved in clearing the pathogens. The adaptive immune system is comprised of B and T lymphocytes that express receptors with...
- Alcoholism, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Alcoholism, organism-specific biosystemAlcoholism, also called dependence on alcohol (ethanol), is a chronic relapsing disorder that is progressive and has serious detrimental health outcomes. As one of the primary mediators of the reward...
- Alcoholism, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Alcoholism, conserved biosystemAlcoholism, also called dependence on alcohol (ethanol), is a chronic relapsing disorder that is progressive and has serious detrimental health outcomes. As one of the primary mediators of the reward...
- Alpha6-Beta4 Integrin Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Alpha6-Beta4 Integrin Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem"Integrins are cell surface heterodimeric protein complex consisting of one alpha and one beta chain. Integrins act as cell adhesion molecules as well as participate in cellular signaling. The ligand...
- Angiopoietin receptor Tie2-mediated signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Angiopoietin receptor Tie2-mediated signaling, organism-specific biosystem
Angiopoietin receptor Tie2-mediated signaling
- Antigen Activates B Cell Receptor Leading to Generation of Second Messengers, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Antigen Activates B Cell Receptor Leading to Generation of Second Messengers, organism-specific biosystemMature B cells express IgM and IgD immunoglobulins which are complexed with Ig-alpha (CD79A, MB-1) and Ig-beta (CD79B, B29) to form the B cell receptor (BCR) (Fu et al. 1974, Fu et al. 1975, Kunkel e...
- B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe B cell receptor includes membrane ?? heavy chain molecules bound to a light chain and an Ig alpha (CD79A)/Ig beta (CD79B) heterodimer. Activation of the B cell receptor involves phosphorylation o...
- BCR signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
BCR signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
BCR signaling pathway
- BDNF signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
BDNF signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin essential for growth, differentiation, plasticity, and survival of neurons. BDNF is also required for processes such as energy metabolism, b...
- Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, organism-specific biosystemMany pathogenic bacteria can invade phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and colonize them intracellularly, then become disseminated to other cells. Invasive bacteria induce their own uptake by non-ph...
- Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, conserved biosystemMany pathogenic bacteria can invade phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and colonize them intracellularly, then become disseminated to other cells. Invasive bacteria induce their own uptake by non-ph...
- Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall, organism-specific biosystemLeukocyte extravasation is a rigorously controlled process that guides white cell movement from the vascular lumen to sites of tissue inflammation. The powerful adhesive interactions that are require...
- Chemokine signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Chemokine signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemInflammatory immune response requires the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation upon foreign insult. Chemokines are small chemoattractant peptides that provide directional cues for th...
- Chemokine signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Chemokine signaling pathway, conserved biosystemInflammatory immune response requires the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation upon foreign insult. Chemokines are small chemoattractant peptides that provide directional cues for th...
- Chronic myeloid leukemia, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Chronic myeloid leukemia, organism-specific biosystemChronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) originates in a pluripotent hematopoetic stem cell of the bone marrow and is characterized by greatly increased numbers of granulocytes in the blood. Myeloid and ot...
- Chronic myeloid leukemia, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Chronic myeloid leukemia, conserved biosystemChronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) originates in a pluripotent hematopoetic stem cell of the bone marrow and is characterized by greatly increased numbers of granulocytes in the blood. Myeloid and ot...
- Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystemCytokines are small proteins that regulate and mediate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. They are secreted in response to immune stimuli, and usually act briefly, locally, at very low concen...
- DAP12 interactions, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DAP12 interactions, organism-specific biosystemDNAX activation protein of 12kDa (DAP12) is an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-bearing adapter molecule that transduces activating signals in natural killer (NK) and myeloid cel...
- DAP12 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DAP12 signaling, organism-specific biosystemIn response to receptor ligation, the tyrosine residues in DAP12's immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) are phosphorylated by Src family kinases. These phosphotyrosines form the dock...
- DNA damage response (only ATM dependent), organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
DNA damage response (only ATM dependent), organism-specific biosystemThis is the second pathway out of two pathways which deals with DNA damage response. It has two central gene products (ATM and TP53) which are connected with the first DNA damage response pathway. In...
- Disease, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Disease, organism-specific biosystemBiological processes are captured in Reactome by identifying the molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, small molecules) involved in them and describing the details of their interactions. From this molecular ...
- Downstream signaling of activated FGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR, organism-specific biosystemSignaling via FGFRs is mediated via direct recruitment of signaling proteins that bind to tyrosine auto-phosphorylation sites on the activated receptor and via closely linked docking proteins that be...
- EGFR1 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
EGFR1 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe androgen receptor is a member of the nuclear receptor family of ligand activated transcription factors. These receptors bind to steroid hormones, thyroid hormone, retinoids and vitamin D among ot...
- EPO Receptor Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
EPO Receptor Signaling, organism-specific biosystemThe erythropoietin receptor is a 66 kDa peptide and is a member of the cytokine receptor family. The receptor is tyrosine phosphorylated upon binding by erythropoietin and associates with and activat...
- EPO signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
EPO signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
EPO signaling pathway
- ErbB signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
ErbB signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) couples binding of extracellular growth factor ligands to intracellular signaling pathways regulating diverse biologic responses, including prolife...
- ErbB signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
ErbB signaling pathway, conserved biosystemThe ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) couples binding of extracellular growth factor ligands to intracellular signaling pathways regulating diverse biologic responses, including prolife...
- ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling events
- ErbB4 signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
ErbB4 signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
ErbB4 signaling events
- Estrogen signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Estrogen signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemEstrogens are steroid hormones that regulate a plethora of physiological processes in mammals, including reproduction, cardiovascular protection, bone integrity, cellular homeostasis, and behavior. E...
- Estrogen signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Estrogen signaling pathway, conserved biosystemEstrogens are steroid hormones that regulate a plethora of physiological processes in mammals, including reproduction, cardiovascular protection, bone integrity, cellular homeostasis, and behavior. E...
- FGF signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
FGF signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
FGF signaling pathway
- Fc-epsilon receptor I signaling in mast cells, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Fc-epsilon receptor I signaling in mast cells, organism-specific biosystem
Fc-epsilon receptor I signaling in mast cells
- Focal Adhesion, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Focal Adhesion, organism-specific biosystemCell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the...
- Focal adhesion, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Focal adhesion, organism-specific biosystemCell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the...
- Focal adhesion, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Focal adhesion, conserved biosystemCell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the...
- Glioma, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Glioma, organism-specific biosystemGliomas are the most common of the primary brain tumors and account for more than 40% of all central nervous system neoplasms. Gliomas include tumours that are composed predominantly of astrocytes (a...
- Glioma, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Glioma, conserved biosystemGliomas are the most common of the primary brain tumors and account for more than 40% of all central nervous system neoplasms. Gliomas include tumours that are composed predominantly of astrocytes (a...
- Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystemHemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhe...
- IGF1 pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
IGF1 pathway, organism-specific biosystem
IGF1 pathway
- IGF1R signaling cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
IGF1R signaling cascade, organism-specific biosystemAfter autophosphorylation the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) binds and phosphorylates scaffold proteins, IRS1/2/4 and SHC1, which in turn bind effectors possessing enzymatic activ...
- IL-2 Signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
IL-2 Signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemIL-2 is a multifunctional cytokine with pleiotropic effects on several cells of the immune system. IL-2 was originally discovered as a T cell growth factor, but it was also found to have actions rela...
- IL-3 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
IL-3 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-3 belongs to a family of cytokines, which includes IL-5 and GM-CSF. It signals through a receptor complex comprising of an IL-3 specific IL-3 receptor alpha subunit (IL3RA) and a common b...
- IL-4 signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
IL-4 signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-4 belongs to the IL-2 family of cytokines, which includes IL-2, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21. It signals through 2 different receptor complexes; Receptor complex 1 comprises of IL-4 recept...
- IL-5 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
IL-5 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-5 belongs to the family of cytokines, which includes IL-3 and GM-CSF. It signals through a receptor complex comprising of an IL-5 receptor alpha subunit (IL5RA), and a common beta chain w...
- IL-6 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
IL-6 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-6 belongs to a family of cytokines which includes IL-11, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotropin-1, cardiotrophin-like cytokine, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Oncostatin M...
- IL-7 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
IL-7 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-7 belongs to a family of cytokines, which includes IL-2, IL-4, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21. It signals through a receptor complex consisting of IL-7 receptor alpha chain (IL7RA) and a common ga...
- IL-9 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
IL-9 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-9 belongs to a family of cytokines, which includes IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-15 and IL-21. It signals through a receptor complex consisting of an IL-9 receptor (IL9R) and a common gamma chain ...
- IL2 signaling events mediated by PI3K, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
IL2 signaling events mediated by PI3K, organism-specific biosystem
IL2 signaling events mediated by PI3K
- IL2 signaling events mediated by STAT5, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
IL2 signaling events mediated by STAT5, organism-specific biosystem
IL2 signaling events mediated by STAT5
- IL2-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
IL2-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
IL2-mediated signaling events
- IL4-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
IL4-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
IL4-mediated signaling events
- Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
- Innate Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Innate Immune System, organism-specific biosystemInnate immunity encompases the nonspecific part of immunity tha are part of an individual's natural biologic makeup
- Insulin Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Insulin Pathway, organism-specific biosystem
Insulin Pathway
- Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystemInsulin signaling influences energy metabolism as well as growth. The presence of insulin signals the fed state, and this signal is passed via the AKT branch, which leads to the uptake of glucose fro...
- Insulin receptor signalling cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Insulin receptor signalling cascade, organism-specific biosystemAutophosphorylation of the insulin receptor triggers a series of signalling events, mediated by SHC or IRS, and resulting in activation of the Ras/RAF and MAP kinase cascades. A second effect of the ...
- Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
- Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
- Integrin alphaIIb beta3 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Integrin alphaIIb beta3 signaling, organism-specific biosystemAt the sites of vascular injury bioactive molecules such as thrombin, ADP, collagen, fibrinogen and thrombospondin are generated, secreted or exposed. These stimuli activate platelets, converting the...
- Integrin cell surface interactions, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Integrin cell surface interactions, organism-specific biosystemThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of macro-molecules that underlies all epithelia and endothelia and that surrounds all connective tissue cells. This matrix provides the mechanical strength...
- Integrin-mediated cell adhesion, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Integrin-mediated cell adhesion, organism-specific biosystemIntegrins are receptors that mediate attachment between a cell and the tissues surrounding it, which may be other cells or the extracellular matrix (ECM). They also play a role in cell signaling and ...
- Interleukin receptor SHC signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Interleukin receptor SHC signaling, organism-specific biosystemPhosphorylation of Shc at three tyrosine residues, 239, 240 (Gotoh et al. 1996) and 317 (Salcini et al. 1994) involves unidentified tyrosine kinases presumed to be part of the activated receptor comp...
- Interleukin-2 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Interleukin-2 signaling, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine that is produced by T cells in response to antigen stimulation. Originally, IL-2 was discovered because of its potent growth factor activity on activated T cells in...
- Interleukin-3, 5 and GM-CSF signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Interleukin-3, 5 and GM-CSF signaling, organism-specific biosystemThe Interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-5 and Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptors form a family of heterodimeric receptors that have specific alpha chains but share a common beta...
- Kit Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Kit Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemKit is a receptor protein tyrosine kinase, which is a receptor for stem cell factor or kit ligand. Signaling through Kit is important for formation of red cells, lymphocytes, mast cells and platelets...
- Leptin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Leptin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemLeptin is a peptide hormone mainly synthesised and secreted from adipocytes. It is also expressed in other tissues including placenta, stomach and skeletal muscle. Leptin mediates its effects by bind...
- Metabolism of proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Metabolism of proteins, organism-specific biosystemProtein metabolism comprises the pathways of translation, post-translational modification and protein folding.
- NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, organism-specific biosystemTrk receptors signal from the plasma membrane and from intracellular membranes, particularly from early endosomes. Signalling from the plasma membrane is fast but transient; signalling from endosomes...
- Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, organism-specific biosystemNatural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that are involved in early defenses against both allogeneic (nonself) cells and autologous cells undergoing various forms of stre...
- Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, conserved biosystemNatural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that are involved in early defenses against both allogeneic (nonself) cells and autologous cells undergoing various forms of stre...
- Neurotrophic factor-mediated Trk receptor signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Neurotrophic factor-mediated Trk receptor signaling, organism-specific biosystem
Neurotrophic factor-mediated Trk receptor signaling
- Neurotrophin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Neurotrophin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemNeurotrophins are a family of trophic factors involved in differentiation and survival of neural cells. The neurotrophin family consists of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic facto...
- Neurotrophin signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Neurotrophin signaling pathway, conserved biosystemNeurotrophins are a family of trophic factors involved in differentiation and survival of neural cells. The neurotrophin family consists of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic facto...
- Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Oncostatin M Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemOncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the multifunctional cytokine interleukin 6 (IL6) - type cytokine family. It is mainly produced in cell types such as activated T lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes,...
- PDGFR-alpha signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
PDGFR-alpha signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
PDGFR-alpha signaling pathway
- PDGFR-beta signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
PDGFR-beta signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
PDGFR-beta signaling pathway
- Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation), organism-specific biosystemThe tethering of platelets to the site of vascular injury is the first step in the formation of a platelet thrombus. Firm adhesion of these tethered platelets, as well as the additional recruitment o...
- Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelet activation begins with the initial binding of adhesive ligands and of the excitatory platelet agonists (released or generated at the sites of vascular trauma) to cognate receptors on the pla...
- Prolactin Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Prolactin Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemProlactin (PRL), a pleiotropic polypeptide hormone, mostly secreted by the lactotrophic cells of anterior pituitary gland and to a lesser extent expressed in numerous extra pituitary tissues such as ...
- SHC activation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC activation, organism-specific biosystemSHC interacts via its SH2 domain with the carboxyterminal phosphorylated tyrosines of the insulin receptor. As a result, SHC is tyrosine phosphorylated (Tyr317) by the insulin receptor, later falling...
- SHC-mediated cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC-mediated cascade, organism-specific biosystemThe exact role of SHC1 in FGFR signaling remains unclear. Numerous studies have shown that the p46 and p52 isoforms of SHC1 are phosphorylated in response to FGF stimulation, but direct interaction...
- SHC-mediated signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC-mediated signalling, organism-specific biosystemRelease of phospho-SHC from the insulin receptor triggers a cascade of signalling events via SOS, RAF and the MAP kinases.
- SHC-related events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC-related events, organism-specific biosystemSHC is one of the mediators of insulin signalling events. It is activated by phosphorylation and triggers a cascade of events involving SOS, RAF and the MAP kinases.
- SHC-related events triggered by IGF1R, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC-related events triggered by IGF1R, organism-specific biosystemPhosphorylated IGF1R binds and phosphorylates SHC1 (reviewed in Pavelic et al. 2007, Chitnis et al. 2008, Maki et al. 2010, Parrella et al. 2010, Siddle et al. 2012). Phosphorylated SHC then binds GR...
- SHC1 events in EGFR signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC1 events in EGFR signaling, organism-specific biosystemGRB2 can bind EGFR directly or through another SH2-containing protein, SHC1. This association leads to RAS activation.
- SHC1 events in ERBB2 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC1 events in ERBB2 signaling, organism-specific biosystemAll ERBB2 heterodimers, ERBB2:EGFR, ERBB2:ERBB3 and ERBB2:ERBB4, are able to activate RAF/MAP kinase cascade by recruiting SHC1 (Pinkas-Kramarski et al. 1996, Sepp-Lorenzino et al. 1996) to phosphory...
- SHC1 events in ERBB4 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SHC1 events in ERBB4 signaling, organism-specific biosystemAll splicing isoforms of ERBB4 possess two tyrosine residues in the C-tail that serve as docking sites for SHC1 (Kaushansky et al. 2008, Pinkas-Kramarski et al. 1996, Cohen et al. 1996). Once bound t...
- Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystemSignal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals elicit changes in cell state and activity. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment by binding ligands, such a...
- Signal attenuation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signal attenuation, organism-specific biosystemNow with the complete receptor-ligand dissociation and subsequent degradation of insulin in the endosomal lumen, the endosomally associated protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) complete the receptor ...
- Signaling by EGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by EGFR, organism-specific biosystemThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one member of the ERBB family of transmembrane glycoprotein tyrosine receptor kinases (RTK). Binding of EGFR to its ligands induces conformational chang...
- Signaling by EGFR in Cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by EGFR in Cancer, organism-specific biosystemThe pathway "Signaling by EGFR in Cancer" shows "Signaling by constitutively active EGFR" in parallel with "Signaling by EGFR". This allows users to compare signaling by constitutively active EGFR ca...
- Signaling by ERBB2, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by ERBB2, organism-specific biosystemERBB2, also known as HER2 or NEU, is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) belonging to the EGFR family. ERBB2 possesses an extracellular domain that does not bind any known ligand, contrary to other EGFR...
- Signaling by ERBB4, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by ERBB4, organism-specific biosystemERBB4, also known as HER4, belongs to the ERBB family of receptors, which also includes ERBB1 (EGFR i.e. HER1), ERBB2 (HER2 i.e. NEU) and ERBB3 (HER3). Similar to EGFR, ERBB4 has an extracellular lig...
- Signaling by FGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by FGFR, organism-specific biosystemThe 22 members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of growth factors mediate their cellular responses by binding to and activating the different isoforms encoded by the four receptor tyrosin...
- Signaling by FGFR in disease, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by FGFR in disease, organism-specific biosystemThe pathway 'Signaling by FGFR in disease' shows 'Signaling by FGFR mutants' in parallel with the wild-type pathway 'Signaling by FGFR', allowing users to compare disease and normal events. FGFR mut...
- Signaling by Insulin receptor, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by Insulin receptor, organism-specific biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in receptor autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues and the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (e.g. IRS and Shc) by the insulin receptor...
- Signaling by Interleukins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by Interleukins, organism-specific biosystemInterleukins are low molecular weight proteins that bind to cell surface receptors and act in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion. They were first identified as factors produced by leukocytes but a...
- Signaling by Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R), organism-specific biosystemBinding of IGF1 (IGF-I) or IGF2 (IGF-II) to the extracellular alpha peptides of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) triggers the activation of two major signaling pathways: the SOS...
- Signaling by constitutively active EGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by constitutively active EGFR, organism-specific biosystemSignaling by EGFR is frequently activated in cancer through either genomic amplification of the EGFR locus, resulting in over-expression of the wild-type protein, or through activating mutations in t...
- Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR), organism-specific biosystemMature B cells express IgM and IgD immunoglobulins which are complexed at the plasma membrane with Ig-alpha (CD79A, MB-1) and Ig-beta (CD79B, B29) to form the B cell receptor (BCR) (Fu et al. 1974, F...
- Signaling events mediated by PTP1B, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Signaling events mediated by PTP1B, organism-specific biosystem
Signaling events mediated by PTP1B
- Signaling events mediated by Stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit), organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Signaling events mediated by Stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit), organism-specific biosystem
Signaling events mediated by Stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit)
- Signaling events mediated by VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Signaling events mediated by VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, organism-specific biosystem
Signaling events mediated by VEGFR1 and VEGFR2
- Signaling events regulated by Ret tyrosine kinase, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Signaling events regulated by Ret tyrosine kinase, organism-specific biosystem
Signaling events regulated by Ret tyrosine kinase
- Signalling by NGF, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signalling by NGF, organism-specific biosystemNeurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4/5) play pivotal roles in survival, differentiation, and plasticity of neurons in the peripheral and central nervous system. They are produced, and secreted in mi...
- Signalling to ERKs, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signalling to ERKs, organism-specific biosystemNeurotrophins utilize multiple pathways to activate ERKs (ERK1 and ERK2), a subgroup of the large MAP kinase (MAPK) family, from the plasma membrane. The major signalling pathways to ERKs are via RAS...
- Signalling to RAS, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Signalling to RAS, organism-specific biosystemSignalling through Shc adaptor proteins appears to be identical for both NGF and EGF. It leads to a fast, but transient, MAPK/ERK activation, which is insufficient to explain the prolonged activation...
- TCR Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
TCR Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) complex is composed of a ligand-binding subunit, the ? and ? chains, and a signaling subunit, namely the CD3?, ? and ? chains and the TCR? chain. This complex partic...
- TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem
TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells
- TGF-beta receptor signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
TGF-beta receptor signaling, organism-specific biosystem
TGF-beta receptor signaling
- Tie2 Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Tie2 Signaling, organism-specific biosystemThe Tie2/Tek receptor tyrosine kinase plays a pivotal role in vascular and hematopoietic development and is expressed exclusively on endothelial lineage. Tie2 interacts with a group of ligands belong...
- Trk receptor signaling mediated by PI3K and PLC-gamma, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Trk receptor signaling mediated by PI3K and PLC-gamma, organism-specific biosystem
Trk receptor signaling mediated by PI3K and PLC-gamma
- Unfolded Protein Response, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Unfolded Protein Response, organism-specific biosystemThe Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) is a regulatory system that protects the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) from overload. The UPR is provoked by the accumulation of improperly folded protein in the ER d...
- a6b1 and a6b4 Integrin signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
a6b1 and a6b4 Integrin signaling, organism-specific biosystem
a6b1 and a6b4 Integrin signaling
- p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemp38 MAPKs are members of the MAPK family that are activated by a variety of environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines. Stress signals are delivered to this cascade by members of small GTPases...
- p75(NTR)-mediated signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
p75(NTR)-mediated signaling, organism-specific biosystem
p75(NTR)-mediated signaling