- Activation of the mRNA upon binding of the cap-binding complex and eIFs, and subsequent binding to 43S, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Activation of the mRNA upon binding of the cap-binding complex and eIFs, and subsequent binding to 43S, organism-specific biosystemThe cap-binding complex is constituted by the initiation factors eIF4A, eIF4G and eIF4E. First, eIF4E must be released from the inactive eIF4E:4E-BP complex. Then eIF4A interacts with eIF4G, and eIF...
- Cap-dependent Translation Initiation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cap-dependent Translation Initiation, organism-specific biosystemTranslation initiation is a complex process in which the Met-tRNAi initiator, 40S, and 60S ribosomal subunits are assembled by eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) into an 80S ribosome at the start c...
- Cytoplasmic Ribosomal Proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Cytoplasmic Ribosomal Proteins, organism-specific biosystemThe contents of this pathway represents the ribosomal proteins involved in translation.
- Disease, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Disease, organism-specific biosystemBiological processes are captured in Reactome by identifying the molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, small molecules) involved in them and describing the details of their interactions. From this molecular ...
- Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, organism-specific biosystemThe translation elongation cycle adds one amino acid at a time to a growing polypeptide according to the sequence of codons found in the mRNA. The next available codon on the mRNA is exposed in the a...
- Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, organism-specific biosystemInitiation of translation in the majority of eukaryotic cellular mRNAs depends on the 5'-cap (m7GpppN) and involves ribosomal scanning of the 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR) for an initiating AUG sta...
- Eukaryotic Translation Termination, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Eukaryotic Translation Termination, organism-specific biosystemThe arrival of any of the three stop codons (UAA, UAG and UGA) into the ribosomal A-site triggers the binding of a release factor (RF) to the ribosome and subsequent polypeptide chain release. In euk...
- Formation of a pool of free 40S subunits, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Formation of a pool of free 40S subunits, organism-specific biosystemThe 80S ribosome dissociates into free 40S (small) and 60S (large) ribosomal subunits. Each ribosomal subunit is constituted by several individual ribosomal proteins and rRNA.
- Formation of the ternary complex, and subsequently, the 43S complex, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Formation of the ternary complex, and subsequently, the 43S complex, organism-specific biosystemBinding of the methionyl-tRNA initiator to the active eIF2:GTP complex results in the formation of the ternary complex. Subsequently, this Met-tRNAi:eIF2:GTP (ternary) complex binds to the complex fo...
- GTP hydrolysis and joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
GTP hydrolysis and joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit, organism-specific biosystemHydrolysis of eIF2-GTP occurs after the Met-tRNAi has recognized the AUG. This reaction is catalyzed by eIF5 (or eIF5B) and is thought to cause dissociation of all other initiation factors and allow ...
- Gene Expression, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Gene Expression, organism-specific biosystemGene Expression covers the process of transcription of mRNA genes, the processing of pre-mRNA, and its subsequent translation to result in a protein. The "expression" of non-protein-coding genes is ...
- Influenza Infection, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Influenza Infection, organism-specific biosystemFor centuries influenza epidemics have plagued man, and influenza was probably the disease described by Hippocrates in 412 BC. Today it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with...
- Influenza Life Cycle, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Influenza Life Cycle, organism-specific biosystemThe virus particle initially associates with a human host cell by binding to sialic acid-containing receptors on the host cell surface. The bound virus is endocytosed by one of four distinct mechanis...
- Influenza Viral RNA Transcription and Replication, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Influenza Viral RNA Transcription and Replication, organism-specific biosystemIn the host cell nucleus, the viral negative-strand RNA (vRNA) serves as a template for the synthesis both of capped, polyadenylated viral messenger RNA and of full-length positive-strand RNA or comp...
- L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression, organism-specific biosystemWhile circularization of mRNA during translation initiation is thought to contribute to an increase in the efficiency of translation, it also appears to provide a mechanism for translational silencin...
- Metabolism of proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Metabolism of proteins, organism-specific biosystemProtein metabolism comprises the pathways of translation, post-translational modification and protein folding.
- Nonsense Mediated Decay Enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Nonsense Mediated Decay Enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex, organism-specific biosystemDuring normal translation termination eRF3 associates with the ribosome and then interacts with PABP bound to the polyadenylate tail of the mRNA to release the ribosome and allow a new round of trans...
- Nonsense Mediated Decay Independent of the Exon Junction Complex, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Nonsense Mediated Decay Independent of the Exon Junction Complex, organism-specific biosystemNonsense-mediated decay has been observed with mRNAs that do not have an exon junction complex (EJC) downstream of the termination codon (reviewed in Isken and Maquat 2007, Chang et al. 2007, Behm-An...
- Nonsense-Mediated Decay, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Nonsense-Mediated Decay, organism-specific biosystemThe Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD) pathway activates the destruction of mRNAs containing premature termination codons (PTCs) (reviewed in Isken and Maquat 2007, Chang et al. 2007, Behm-Ansmant et al. ...
- Peptide chain elongation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Peptide chain elongation, organism-specific biosystemThe mechanism of a peptide bond requires the movement of three protons. First the deprotonation of the ammonium ion generates a reactive amine, allowing a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl group. ...
- Ribosomal scanning and start codon recognition, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Ribosomal scanning and start codon recognition, organism-specific biosystemThe 80S ribosome bound to the mRNA moves along the mRNA molecule from its initial site to the initiation codon and forms a 48S complex, in which the initiation codon is base paired to the anticodon o...
- Ribosome, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Ribosome, organism-specific biosystem
Ribosome
- Ribosome, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Ribosome, conserved biosystem
Ribosome
- Ribosome, eukaryotes, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Ribosome, eukaryotes, organism-specific biosystemStructural complex; Genetic information processing; Ribosome
- SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, organism-specific biosystemThe process for translation of a protein destined for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) branches from the canonical cytoslic translation process at the point when a nascent polypeptide containing a hydr...
- Translation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Translation, organism-specific biosystemProtein synthesis is accomplished through the process of translation of an mRNA sequence into a polypeptide chain. This process can be divided into three distinct stages: initiation, elongation and ...
- Translation initiation complex formation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Translation initiation complex formation, organism-specific biosystemThe translation initiation complex forms when the 43S complex binds the mRNA that is associated with eIF4F, eIF4B and eIF4H. eIF4G in the eIF4F complex can directly contact eIF3 in the 43S complex. e...
- Viral mRNA Translation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Viral mRNA Translation, organism-specific biosystemSpliced and unspliced viral mRNA in the cytoplasm are translated by host cell ribosomal translation machinery (reviewed in Kash, 2006). At least ten viral proteins are synthesized: HA, NA, PB1, PB2...