- Activation of ATR in response to replication stress, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Activation of ATR in response to replication stress, organism-specific biosystemGenotoxic stress caused by DNA damage or stalled replication forks can lead to genomic instability. To guard against such instability, genotoxically-stressed cells activate checkpoint factors that ha...
- BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), organism-specific biosystemStructural complex; Genetic information processing; Repair system
- Cell Cycle, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell Cycle, organism-specific biosystem
Cell Cycle
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell Cycle Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystemA hallmark of the human cell cycle in normal somatic cells is its precision. This remarkable fidelity is achieved by a number of signal transduction pathways, known as checkpoints, which monitor cell...
- Cell Cycle, Mitotic, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell Cycle, Mitotic, organism-specific biosystemThe replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells are controlled by a series of events collectively known as the cell cycle. DNA replication is carried o...
- Chromosome Maintenance, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Chromosome Maintenance, organism-specific biosystemChromosome maintenance is critical for stable chromosome function in mammalian and other eukaryotic cells. Aspects of telomere maintenance and nucleosome assembly are covered here.
- DNA Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA Repair, organism-specific biosystemDNA repair is a phenomenal multi-enzyme, multi-pathway system required to ensure the integrity of the cellular genome. These cellular mechanisms that must cope with the plethora of DNA base pair ad...
- DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystemStudies in the past decade have suggested that the basic mechanism of DNA replication initiation is conserved in all kingdoms of life. Initiation in unicellular eukaryotes, in particular Saccharomyce...
- DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystemStudies in the past decade have suggested that the basic mechanism of DNA replication initiation is conserved in all kingdoms of life. Initiation in unicellular eukaryotes, in particular Saccharomyce...
- DNA replication, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
DNA replication, organism-specific biosystemA complex network of interacting proteins and enzymes is required for DNA replication. Generally, DNA replication follows a multistep enzymatic pathway. At the DNA replication fork, a DNA helicase (D...
- DNA replication, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
DNA replication, conserved biosystemA complex network of interacting proteins and enzymes is required for DNA replication. Generally, DNA replication follows a multistep enzymatic pathway. At the DNA replication fork, a DNA helicase (D...
- DNA strand elongation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA strand elongation, organism-specific biosystemAccurate and efficient genome duplication requires coordinated processes to replicate two template strands at eucaryotic replication forks. Knowledge of the fundamental reactions involved in replicat...
- Extension of Telomeres, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Extension of Telomeres, organism-specific biosystemTelomerase acts as reverse transcriptase in the elongation of telomeres (Smogorzewska and de Lange 2004).
- G2/M Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
G2/M Checkpoints, organism-specific biosystemG2/M checkpoints include the checks for damaged DNA, unreplicated DNA, and checks that ensure that the genome is replicated once and only once per cell cycle. If cells pass these checkpoints, they f...
- Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER, organism-specific biosystemThe resultant gap is filled by polymerase activities of Pol delta and Pol epsilon. Accessory replication protein complexes of RPA, PCNA and RFC play a role in this synthesis. DNA Ligase 1 seals the ...
- Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystemPolymerization is carried out by DNA polymerases, delta and epsilon.
- Global Genomic NER (GG-NER), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Global Genomic NER (GG-NER), organism-specific biosystemGG-NER is considered to be transcription-independent, removing lesions from non-transcribed regions of genome in addition to non-transcribed strands of transcribed regions. The three events that char...
- Lagging Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Lagging Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystemDue to the antiparallel nature of DNA, DNA polymerization is unidirectional, and one strand is synthesized discontinuously. This strand is called the lagging strand. Although the polymerase switching...
- Leading Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Leading Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystemThe processive complex is responsible for synthesizing at least 5-10 kb of DNA in a continuous manner during leading strand synthesis. The incorporation of nucleotides by pol delta is quite accurate....
- Mismatch repair, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Mismatch repair, organism-specific biosystemDNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved biological pathway that plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability. MMR corrects DNA mismatches generated during DNA replication, thereby preven...
- Mismatch repair, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Mismatch repair, conserved biosystemDNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved biological pathway that plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability. MMR corrects DNA mismatches generated during DNA replication, thereby preven...
- Nucleotide Excision Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Nucleotide Excision Repair, organism-specific biosystemNER was first described in the model organism E. coli in the early 1960s as a process whereby bulky base damage is enzymatically removed from DNA, facilitating the recovery of DNA synthesis and cell ...
- Nucleotide excision repair, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Nucleotide excision repair, organism-specific biosystemNucleotide excision repair (NER) is a mechanism to recognize and repair bulky DNA damage caused by compounds, environmental carcinogens, and exposure to UV-light. In humans hereditary defects in the ...
- Nucleotide excision repair, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Nucleotide excision repair, conserved biosystemNucleotide excision repair (NER) is a mechanism to recognize and repair bulky DNA damage caused by compounds, environmental carcinogens, and exposure to UV-light. In humans hereditary defects in the ...
- Polymerase switching, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Polymerase switching, organism-specific biosystemAfter the primers are synthesized, Replication Factor C binds to the 3'-end of the initiator DNA to trigger polymerase switching. The non-processive nature of pol alpha catalytic activity and the tig...
- Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere, organism-specific biosystemAfter the primers are synthesized on the G-Rich strand, Replication Factor C binds to the 3'-end of the initiator DNA to trigger polymerase switching. The non-processive nature of pol alpha catalytic...
- RF-C complex, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
RF-C complex, organism-specific biosystemStructural complex; Genetic information processing; Replication system
- Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystem
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER
- Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA polymerase, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA polymerase, organism-specific biosystemRepair synthesis is carried out by the DNA dependent DNA polymerases, delta and epsilon.
- S Phase, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
S Phase, organism-specific biosystemDNA synthesis occurs in the S phase, or the synthesis phase, of the cell cycle. The cell duplicates its hereditary material, and two copies of the chromosome are formed. As DNA replication continues,...
- Synthesis of DNA, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Synthesis of DNA, organism-specific biosystemThe actual synthesis of DNA occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle. This includes the initiation of DNA replication, when the first nucleotide of the new strand is laid down during the synthesis of ...
- Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis, organism-specific biosystemDue to the antiparallel nature of DNA, DNA polymerization is unidirectional, and one strand is synthesized discontinuously. This strand is called the lagging strand. Although the polymerase switching...
- Telomere Maintenance, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Telomere Maintenance, organism-specific biosystemTelomeres are protein-DNA complexes at the ends of linear chromosomes that are important for genome stability. Telomeric DNA in humans, as in many eukaryotic organisms, consists of tandem repeats (B...
- Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER), organism-specific biosystemThe preferential repair of UV-induced damage in transcribed strands of active genes is known as Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER). Impairment of the ability for TC-NER results in the onset of a sev...