PTGDS prostaglandin D2 synthase 21kDa (brain) [Homo sapiens] - Gene

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Summary

Official Symbol: PTGDSprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: prostaglandin D2 synthase 21kDa (brain)provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:9592
Locus tag: RP11-229P13.6
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000107317; HPRD:08904; MIM:176803; Vega:OTTHUMG00000020957
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PDS; PGD2; PGDS; LPGDS; PGDS2; L-PGDS
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase that catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to postaglandin D2 (PGD2). PGD2 functions as a neuromodulator as well as a trophic factor in the central nervous system. PGD2 is also involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. This gene is preferentially expressed in brain. Studies with transgenic mice overexpressing this gene suggest that this gene may be also involved in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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Genomic context

Location :: 9q34.2-q34.3

Sequence :: Chromosome: 9; NC_000009.11 (139871956..139876194)

See PTGDS in Epigenomics, MapViewer

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

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Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Genomic Sequence

Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

Go to reference sequence details

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Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

Beta-trace protein can be used as an alternative diagnostic tool to detect moderate or severe glomerular filtrate rate reduction in patients after liver transplantation.
Title: Is beta-trace protein an alternative marker of glomerular filtration rate in liver transplant recipients?
two genes involved in cardiovascular diseases, ADORA1 and PTGDS, were differentially up-regulated in epicardial adipose tissue compared to mediastinal and subcutaneous adipose tissue
Title: The transcriptome of human epicardial, mediastinal and subcutaneous adipose tissues in men with coronary artery disease.
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase is associated with coronary vasospasm and vasomotor reactivity in response to acetylcholine
Title: Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase is associated with coronary vasospasm and vasomotor reactivity in response to acetylcholine.
Proteomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid identifies prostaglandin D2 synthase as a putative biomarker for pediatric medulloblastoma.
Title: Proteomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid identifies prostaglandin D2 synthase as a putative biomarker for pediatric medulloblastoma: A pediatric brain tumor consortium study.
RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men. Rather their expression seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
Title: The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
Report the presence of L-PGDS in the COX-2-expressing cells in the mucosa of active ulcerative colitis patients in parallel with disease activity.
Title: Increased expression of lipocalin-type-prostaglandin D synthase in ulcerative colitis and exacerbating role in murine colitis.
It may be feasible to test for perilymphatic fluid fistula using PTGDS in samples from the tympanic cavity.
Title: β-trace protein as a diagnostic marker for perilymphatic fluid fistula: a prospective controlled pilot study to test a sample collection technique.
Met64 seems to function as a kinetic clamp, pushing the thiol group of Cys65 close to the site of nucleophilic attack during catalysis.
Title: Structure-function analysis of human l-prostaglandin D synthase bound with fatty acid molecules.
Using RT-PCR we demonstrated that L-PGDS gene expression decreased proportionately with tumor progression in lung cancer.
Title: Diminished lipocalin-type prostaglandin D(2) synthase expression in human lung tumors.
L-PGDS may fine-tune the retinoic acid signalling in melanocytes.
Title: Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase as a regulator of the retinoic acid signalling in melanocytes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (43)

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Phenotypes

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Source	Pubs	Description
NP_000945.3	NP_005177.2	CAPN1	BIND	PubMed	CAPN1 interacts with PTGDS.
NP_000945.3	NP_000180.2	HK2	BIND	PubMed	HKII interacts with PGDS. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between rat HKII and human PGDS.
NP_000945.3	NP_002106.1	HK3	BIND	PubMed	HKIII amino-terminal half interacts with PGDS. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between rat HKIII and human PGDS.
P41222	P54253	ATXN1	HPRD	PubMed
P41222	P07384	CAPN1	HPRD	PubMed
P41222	P52789	HK2	HPRD	PubMed
P41222	P52790	HK3	HPRD	PubMed
P41222	P34995	PTGER1	HPRD	PubMed
P41222	P43116	PTGER2	HPRD	PubMed
P41222	P43088	PTGFR	HPRD	PubMed
P41222	P04278	SHBG	HPRD	PubMed
BioGRID:111702	BioGRID:107227	CACNA1A	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:111702	BioGRID:108276	EGFR	BioGRID	PubMed	PCA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
fatty acid binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
isomerase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
prostaglandin-D synthase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
prostaglandin-D synthase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
retinoid binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
transporter activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
fatty acid biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
prostaglandin biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
prostaglandin biosynthetic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
response to glucocorticoid stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
transport	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
Golgi apparatus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
extracellular region	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
nuclear membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
rough endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

Preferred Names: prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase

Names: prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase; cerebrin-28; PGD2 synthase; beta-trace protein; prostaglandin D synthase; prostaglandin-D2 synthase; glutathione-independent PGD synthase; glutathione-independent PGD synthetase; lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase; lipocalin-type prostaglandin-D synthase

NP_000945.3

EC 5.3.99.2

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NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_000954.5 → NP_000945.3 prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AA621632, AI659247, BG037037, BM686612

Consensus CDS

CCDS7019.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P41222

Related

ENSP00000360687, OTTHUMP00000022638, ENST00000371625, OTTHUMT00000055188

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl01150
Location:40 – 184
Blast Score: 324

Lipocalin; Lipocalin / cytosolic fatty-acid binding protein family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000009.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Range

139871956..139876194

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate HuRef

Genomic

AC_000141.1 Alternate HuRef

Range

109331058..109335300

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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Related Sequences

Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version	Protein
genomic	AL807752.10	CAI12756.1
		CAI12757.1
		CAI12758.1
		CAI12759.1
		CAI12760.1
genomic	CH471090.1	EAW88321.1
		EAW88322.1
		EAW88323.1
genomic	DQ297141.1	ABB84464.1
genomic	M98538.1	AAB51074.1
genomic	M98539.1	None
mRNA	AA621632.1	None
mRNA	AI659247.1	None
mRNA	AK075333.1	BAG52113.1
mRNA	AK312817.1	BAG35674.1
mRNA	AY026356.1	AAK07679.1
mRNA	BC005939.1	AAH05939.1
mRNA	BC041463.1	None
mRNA	BG037037.1	None
mRNA	BM686612.1	None
mRNA	BT019921.1	AAV38724.1
mRNA	BT019922.1	AAV38725.1
mRNA	M61900.2	AAA36494.2