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    PRKCD protein kinase C, delta [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 5580, updated on 20-May-2012
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    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PRKCDprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    protein kinase C, deltaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:9399
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000163932; HPRD:01501; MIM:176977; Vega:OTTHUMG00000133659
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    MAY1; PKCD; nPKC-delta; MGC49908
    Summary
    Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. Studies both in human and mice demonstrate that this kinase is involved in B cell signaling and in the regulation of growth, apoptosis, and differentiation of a variety of cell types. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
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    Genomic context

    Location :
    3p21.31
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 3; NC_000003.11 (53195223..53226733)
    See PRKCD in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SERPINE1 mRNA binding protein 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene RFT1 homolog (S. cerevisiae) Neighboring gene transketolase Neighboring gene DCP1 decapping enzyme homolog A (S. cerevisiae)

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    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

    Go to reference sequence details
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    Bibliography

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. TGF-β1 downregulates AT1 receptor expression via PKC-δ-mediated Sp1 dissociation from KLF4 and Smad-mediated PPAR-γ association with KLF4. Zhang XH, et al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2012 Apr. PMID 22282354.
    2. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) signaling suppresses protein kinase Cδ- and p38δ-dependent signaling and keratinocyte differentiation. Kanade SR, et al. J Biol Chem, 2012 Mar 2. PMID 22199349.
    3. Formation of ternary complex of human biliverdin reductase-protein kinase Cδ-ERK2 protein is essential for ERK2-mediated activation of Elk1 protein, nuclear factor-κB, and inducible nitric-oxidase synthase (iNOS). Gibbs PE, et al. J Biol Chem, 2012 Jan 6. PMID 22065579.
    4. PKCδ-dependent activation of ERK1/2 leads to upregulation of the human NHE2 transcriptional activity in intestinal epithelial cell line C2BBe1. Muthusamy S, et al. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 2012 Feb 1. PMID 22052014.
    5. α-synuclein promotes neuroprotection through NF-κB-mediated transcriptional regulation of protein kinase Cδ. Aoki R, et al. Sci Signal, 2011 Oct 18. PMID 22009151.

    See all (476) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    1. TGF-beta1 downregulates AT1 receptor expression via PKC-delta-mediated Sp1 dissociation from KLF4 and Smad-mediated PPAR-gamma association with KLF4.
      Title: TGF-β1 downregulates AT1 receptor expression via PKC-δ-mediated Sp1 dissociation from KLF4 and Smad-mediated PPAR-γ association with KLF4.
    2. PRMT5 inhibits the PKCdelta- or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-dependent increase in human involucrin expression, and PRMT5 dimethylates proteins in the p38delta complex.
      Title: Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) signaling suppresses protein kinase Cδ- and p38δ-dependent signaling and keratinocyte differentiation.
    3. Phosphorylation of nPKC-delta results in activation of ERK1/2 kinase and subsequent induction of Egr-1. Subsequently, Egr-1 directly targets NHE2 promoter and promotes NHE2 transcriptional upregulation by interaction with NHE2-PMA response element.
      Title: PKCδ-dependent activation of ERK1/2 leads to upregulation of the human NHE2 transcriptional activity in intestinal epithelial cell line C2BBe1.
    4. Formation of ternary complex of human biliverdin reductase-protein kinase Cdelta-ERK2 protein is essential for ERK2-mediated activation of Elk1 protein, nuclear factor-kappaB, and inducible nitric-oxidase synthase (iNOS).
      Title: Formation of ternary complex of human biliverdin reductase-protein kinase Cδ-ERK2 protein is essential for ERK2-mediated activation of Elk1 protein, nuclear factor-κB, and inducible nitric-oxidase synthase (iNOS).
    5. Studies indicate that alpha-synuclein may protect against dopaminergic cell death by down-regulating delta isoform of protein kinase C (PKCdelta) through NF-kappaB.
      Title: α-synuclein promotes neuroprotection through NF-κB-mediated transcriptional regulation of protein kinase Cδ.
    6. Data indicate that RhoA, PKCdelta and PKCepsilon modulated uPA-induced cell adhesion and polarization, whereas only RhoA and PKCepsilon were also responsible for the redirection of virions in intracellular vesicles.
      Title: Urokinase plasminogen activator inhibits HIV virion release from macrophage-differentiated chronically infected cells via activation of RhoA and PKCε.
    7. these results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms promoting the differentiation process of hematopoietic stem cells toward myeloid dendritic cells and introduce the PKC isoform delta as critical mediator.
      Title: PKCδ-induced PU.1 phosphorylation promotes hematopoietic stem cell differentiation to dendritic cells.
    8. the replication and budding of RSV and the epithelial cell responses in HNECs were regulated via a protein kinase C delta
      Title: A nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway via protein kinase C δ regulates replication of respiratory syncytial virus in polarized normal human nasal epithelial cells.
    9. High levels of protein kinase C delta expression were associated with tumor stage in squamous cervical cancer.
      Title: Over-expression of protein kinase C isoforms (α, δ, θ and ζ) in squamous cervical cancer.
    10. The expression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 (ASK1) is inducible in a PKCdelta-dependent manner, and contributes to phorbol ester-induced cell cycle arrest through persistent JNK activation
      Title: Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 is inducible by protein kinase Cδ and contributes to phorbol ester-mediated G1 phase arrest through persistent JNK activation.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (288)
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    Phenotypes

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Common variants in 22 loci are associated with QRS duration and cardiac ventricular conduction.

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    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Pre-treatment of endothelial cells with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) protects cells from HIV-1 gp120 angiotoxicity; this protection is regulated by crosstalk among the ERK, PI3K-AKT and PKC signaling pathways PubMed
    env Induction of apoptosis in cell cultures through binding of HIV-1 gp120 or gp160 to CXCR4 involves protein kinase C, basic fibroblast growth factor, caspase-3, and the pro-apoptotic molecule Bax PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 increases the levels of calcium-dependent and -independent PKC isozymes; the most striking change is observed in PKC-zeta isozyme levels PubMed
    env Downmodulation of the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and CD4 by TPA is blocked by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, suggesting PKC may play an important role in HIV-1 infection PubMed
    env A specific interaction between CD4 and HIV-1 gp120 is required for phosphorylation of CD4, which could involve protein kinase C PubMed
    env IL-16 induces rapid translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane in CD4+ cells; PKC inhibitors completely block IL-16-induced lymphocyte migration as well as the motile response induced by HIV-1 gp120 and anti-CD4 antibody binding to CD4 PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160-induced AP-1 complex formation is dependent upon protein tyrosine phosphorylation and is abolished by inhibitors of protein kinase C, but it is unaffected by calcium channel blockers or cyclosporine A PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env A synthetic peptide corresponding to cytoplasmic domain residues 828-848 of HIV-1 gp41 inhibits pKC-catalysed phosphorylation of a protein substrate PubMed
    env A synthetic peptide containing residues 581-597 from HIV-1 gp41 inhibits protein kinase C (pkC)-mediated phosphorylation of the CD3 gamma-chain in intact cells and directly inhibits partially purified pkC PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat activates protein kinase C, resulting in the induction of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-10 expression and the secretion of MCP-1 PubMed
    tat Protein kinase C is required for HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the viral LTR promoter, indicating protein kinase C regulates the process of HIV-1 transactivation and may play a role in the transition of HIV from latency to productive growth PubMed
    tat Protein kinase C phosphorylates HIV-1 Tat on serine residue 46 PubMed
    retropepsin gag-pol Phosphorylation of human recombinant vimentin by PKC inhibits the proteolytic processing of the vimentin head domain by HIV-1 protease PubMed
    reverse transcriptase gag-pol HIV-1 RT heterodimer expressed in bacteria can be phosphorylated in vitro by several purified mammalian protein kinases including auto-activated protein kinase (PK), CKII, cytosolic protamine kinase (CPK), myelin basic protein kinase 1 (MBPK1), and PRKC PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

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    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    BAA01381.1 NP_002604.1 PDPK1    BIND  PubMed PRKCD (PKCD) interacts with PDPK1 (PDK1). This interaction was modelled on a demonstrated interaction between human PRKCD and rat PDPK1. 
    NP_006245.2 NP_073753.3 CDCP1    BIND  PubMed PKC-delta interacts with CDCP1. 
    NP_006245.2 NP_006089.1 GNB2L1    BIND  PubMed PKC-delta interacts with RACK1. 
    NP_006245.2 NP_002084.2 GSK3B    BIND  PubMed PKC-delta interacts with and phosphorylates GSK3-beta. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between human PKC-delta and rabbit GSK3-beta. 
    NP_006245.2 NP_000866.1 IGF1R    BIND  PubMed PKC-delta interacts with IGF-IR. 
    NP_006245.2 NP_002558.1 PEBP1    BIND  PubMed PKCdelta interacts with and phosphorylates RKIP. This interaction was modelled on a demonstrated interaction between RKIP from an unspecified species and human PKCdelta. 
    NP_006245.2 NP_644805.1 STAT3    BIND  PubMed PKC-delta interacts with Stat3. 
    NP_006245.2 NC_000008.9 TNFRSF10B    BIND  PubMed PRKCD (PKC-delta) interacts with TNFRSF10B (DR5) RARE. 
    NP_997704.1 NP_002175.2 IL6ST    BIND  PubMed PKC-delta interacts with gp130. This interaction was modelled on a demonstrated interaction between mouse PKC-delta and human gp130. 
    Q05655 P68133 ACTA1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P62736 ACTA2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P60709 ACTB    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q13443 ADAM9    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P51828 ADCY7    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P35611 ADD1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P35612 ADD2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P08913 ADRA2A    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P07550 ADRB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P25098 ADRBK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Actin filament associated protein AFAP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q9Y243 AKT3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P30411 BDKRB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q07021 C1QBP    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P28906 CD34    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q9H5V8 CDCP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P28329 CHAT    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P09543 CNP    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q92793 CREBBP    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q15438 CYTH1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P98082 DAB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P68104 EEF1A1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P00533 EGFR    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P05198 EIF2S1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q09472 EP300    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P11474 ESRRA    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q16658 FSCN1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P06241 FYN    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P14867 GABRA1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P17677 GAP43    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q14344 GNA13    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P19086 GNAZ    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P63244 GNB2L1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P41594 GRM5    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P49840 GSK3A    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q5JVS0 HABP4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P61978 HNRNPK    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P07900 HSP90AA1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P08069 IGF1R    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P40189 IL6ST    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P06213 INSR    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P35568 IRS1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P23229 ITGA6    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P05107 ITGB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P16144 ITGB4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P26010 ITGB7    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P48048 KCNJ1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P48050 KCNJ4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q13887 KLF5    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P06239 LCK    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P20700 LMNB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q03252 LMNB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P07948 LYN    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P28482 MAPK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P27361 MAPK3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P10636 MAPT    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P02686 MBP    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q16820 MEP1B    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q01362 MS4A2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P15941 MUC1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P14598 NCF1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q15080 NCF4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q16236 NFE2L2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P49757 NUMB    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P41143 OPRD1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q13153 PAK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q9P0J1 PDP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q9P2J9 PDP2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 O15530 PDPK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P30086 PEBP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P42336 PIK3CA    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P42338 PIK3CB    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q9NQ66 PLCB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 O14939 PLD2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 O15162 PLSCR1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q9NRY6 PLSCR3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q07869 PPARA    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P35813 PPM1A    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P62136 PPP1CA    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Protein phosphatase 2A, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform PPP2CA    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q13362 PPP2R5C    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q05655 PRKCD    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q05513 PRKCZ    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P78527 PRKDC    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q14289 PTK2B    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P29350 PTPN6    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P18433 PTPRA    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P63000 RAC1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P04049 RAF1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q8IV61 RASGRP3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P57078 RIPK4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q13950 RUNX2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P31431 SDC4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P29353 SHC1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P12931 SRC    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P42224 STAT1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P40763 STAT3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q01995 TAGLN    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 Q13009 TIAM1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P31946 YWHAB    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P61981 YWHAG    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q05655 P63104 YWHAZ    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:114290 ADAM9    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:121895 AFAP1    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:107169 C1QBP    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:107569 CHUK    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:108828 GABRA1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:109030 GNA12    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:115914 GNA13    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:115331 HDAC5    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:109547 HSPB1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:109767 IKBKB    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:109786 IL6ST    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:109847 INPP5D    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:109854 INSR    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:109874 IRS1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity 
    NP_002376.1 MBP    BIND  PubMed PKC-delta phosphorylates and interacts with MBP. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between PKC-delta and MBP, both from unspecified species. 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:108757 MTOR    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:110669 MUC1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:110852 NFE2L2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:247522 Nedd4    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:120103 PDP1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:121604 PDP2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:111196 PDPK1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:111309 PIK3CB    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:111354 PLD2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:121341 PLSCR3    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:111507 PPP2CA    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:111566 PRKCD    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:108480 PTK2B    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:111742 PTPN6    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:117315 RASGRP3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:119899 RIPK4    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:112361 SHC1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:112550 SP1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Protein-peptide 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:112649 STAT1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:112651 STAT3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:112930 TIAM1    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:124780 TRIM41    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:113364 YWHAG    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111566 BioGRID:113366 YWHAZ    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
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    General gene information

    Markers

    Genotypes

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Alpha-synuclein signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Alpha-synuclein signaling, organism-specific biosystem
      Alpha-synuclein signaling
    • Alpha6-Beta4 Integrin Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Alpha6-Beta4 Integrin Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem"Integrins are cell surface heterodimeric protein complex consisting of one alpha and one beta chain. Integrins act as cell adhesion molecules as well as participate in cellular signaling. The ligand...
    • Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystemApoptosis is a distinct form of cell death that is functionally and morphologically different from necrosis. Nuclear chromatin condensation, cytoplasmic shrinking, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and ...
    • Apoptotic cleavage of cellular proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Apoptotic cleavage of cellular proteins, organism-specific biosystemApoptotic cell death is achieved by the caspase-mediatedcleavage of various vital proteins. Among caspase targets are proteins such as E-cadherin, Beta-catenin, alpha fodrin, GAS2, FADK, alpha adduc...
    • Apoptotic execution phase, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Apoptotic execution phase, organism-specific biosystemIn the execution phase of apoptosis, effector caspases cleave vital cellular proteins leading to the morphological changes that characterize apoptosis. These changes include destruction of the nucle...
    • B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe B cell receptor includes membrane ?? heavy chain molecules bound to a light chain and an Ig alpha (CD79A)/Ig beta (CD79B) heterodimer. Activation of the B cell receptor involves phosphorylation o...
    • Ca-dependent events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Ca-dependent events, organism-specific biosystemCalcium, as the ion Ca2+, is essential in many biological processes. The majority of Ca2+ in many organisms is bound to phosphates which form skeletal structures and also buffer Ca2+ levels in extrac...
    • CaM pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      CaM pathway, organism-specific biosystemCalmodulin (CaM) is a small acidic protein that contains four EF-hand motifs, each of which can bind a calcium ion, therefore it can bind up to four calcium ions. The protein has two approximately sy...
    • Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell, organism-specific biosystemCalcium is a common signaling mechanism, as once it enters the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory affects on many enzymes and proteins. Calcium can act in signal transduction after influx resu...
    • Calmodulin induced events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Calmodulin induced events, organism-specific biosystemOne important physiological role for Calmodulin is the regulation of adenylylcyclases. Four of the nine known adenylylcyclases are calcium sensitive, in particular type 8 (AC8).
    • Ceramide signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Ceramide signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      Ceramide signaling pathway
    • Chemokine signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Chemokine signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemInflammatory immune response requires the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation upon foreign insult. Chemokines are small chemoattractant peptides that provide directional cues for th...
    • Chemokine signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Chemokine signaling pathway, conserved biosystemInflammatory immune response requires the recruitment of leukocytes to the site of inflammation upon foreign insult. Chemokines are small chemoattractant peptides that provide directional cues for th...
    • Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystemCytokines are small proteins that regulate and mediate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. They are secreted in response to immune stimuli, and usually act briefly, locally, at very low concen...
    • DAG and IP3 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      DAG and IP3 signaling, organism-specific biosystemThis pathway describes the generation of DAG and IP3 by the PLCgamma-mediated hydrolysis of PIP2 and the subsequent downstream signaling events.
    • Disease, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Disease, organism-specific biosystemBiological processes are captured in Reactome by identifying the molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, small molecules) involved in them and describing the details of their interactions. From this molecular ...
    • Downstream signal transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Downstream signal transduction, organism-specific biosystemThe role of autophosphorylation sites on PDGF receptors are to provide docking sites for downstream signal transduction molecules which contain SH2 domains. The SH2 domain is a conserved motif of aro...
    • Downstream signaling of activated FGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Downstream signaling of activated FGFR, organism-specific biosystemSignaling via FGFRs is mediated via direct recruitment of signaling proteins that bind to tyrosine auto-phosphorylation sites on the activated receptor and via closely linked docking proteins that be...
    • EGFR interacts with phospholipase C-gamma, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      EGFR interacts with phospholipase C-gamma, organism-specific biosystemActivated epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) can stimulate phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover. Activated EGFR can activate phospholipase C-gamma1 (PLC-gamma1, i.e. PLCG1) which hydrolyses phosp...
    • Effects of PIP2 hydrolysis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Effects of PIP2 hydrolysis, organism-specific biosystemHydrolysis of phosphatidyl inositol-bisphosphate (PIP2) by phospholipase C (PLC) produces diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3). Both are potent second messengers. IP3 diffuses into th...
    • Endothelins, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Endothelins, organism-specific biosystem
      Endothelins
    • ErbB1 downstream signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      ErbB1 downstream signaling, organism-specific biosystem
      ErbB1 downstream signaling
    • Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemFc epsilon RI-mediated signaling pathways in mast cells are initiated by the interaction of antigen (Ag) with IgE bound to the extracellular domain of the alpha chain of Fc epsilon RI. The activation...
    • Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, conserved biosystemFc epsilon RI-mediated signaling pathways in mast cells are initiated by the interaction of antigen (Ag) with IgE bound to the extracellular domain of the alpha chain of Fc epsilon RI. The activation...
    • Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, organism-specific biosystemPhagocytosis plays an essential role in host-defense mechanisms through the uptake and destruction of infectious pathogens. Specialized cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes ta...
    • Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, conserved biosystemPhagocytosis plays an essential role in host-defense mechanisms through the uptake and destruction of infectious pathogens. Specialized cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes ta...
    • G Protein Signaling Pathways, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      G Protein Signaling Pathways, organism-specific biosystemG proteins, short for guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins involved in second messenger cascades. G proteins are so called because they function as "molecular switches". They...
    • G alpha (q) signalling events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      G alpha (q) signalling events, organism-specific biosystemThe classic signalling route for G alpha (q) is activation of phospholipase C beta thereby triggering phosphoinositide hydrolysis, calcium mobilization and protein kinase C activation. This provides ...
    • G alpha (z) signalling events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      G alpha (z) signalling events, organism-specific biosystemThe heterotrimeric G protein Gz, is a member of the Gi family. Unlike other Gi family members it lacks an ADP ribosylation site cysteine four residues from the carboxyl terminus and is thus pertussis...
    • G-protein mediated events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      G-protein mediated events, organism-specific biosystemWhen dissociated Galpha-GTP and Gbeta-gamma can activate or inhibit different signalling cascades and effector proteins. The precise pathways depends on the identity of the alpha and beta/gamma subty...
    • GPCR downstream signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      GPCR downstream signaling, organism-specific biosystemG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are classically defined as the receptor, G-protein and downstream effectors, the alpha subunit of the G-protein being the primary signaling molecule. However, it h...
    • Gene Expression, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Gene Expression, organism-specific biosystemGene Expression covers the pathways by which genomic DNA is transcribed to yield RNA, the regulation of these transcription processes, and the pathways by which newly-made RNA Transcripts are process...
    • GnRH signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      GnRH signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemGonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus acts upon its receptor in the anterior pituitary to regulate the production and release of the gonadotropins, LH and FSH. The GnR...
    • GnRH signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      GnRH signaling pathway, conserved biosystemGonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus acts upon its receptor in the anterior pituitary to regulate the production and release of the gonadotropins, LH and FSH. The GnR...
    • Hedgehog signaling events mediated by Gli proteins, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Hedgehog signaling events mediated by Gli proteins, organism-specific biosystem
      Hedgehog signaling events mediated by Gli proteins
    • Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystemHemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhe...
    • IFN-gamma pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IFN-gamma pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      IFN-gamma pathway
    • IGF1 pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IGF1 pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      IGF1 pathway
    • IL-4 signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      IL-4 signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-4 belongs to the IL-2 family of cytokines, which includes IL-2, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21. It signals through 2 different receptor complexes; Receptor complex 1 comprises of IL-4 recept...
    • IL-5 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      IL-5 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-5 belongs to the family of cytokines, which includes IL-3 and GM-CSF. It signals through a receptor complex comprising of an IL-5 receptor alpha subunit (IL5RA), and a common beta chain w...
    • IL-6 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      IL-6 Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-6 belongs to a family of cytokines which includes IL-11, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotropin-1, cardiotrophin-like cytokine, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and Oncostatin M...
    • IL6-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL6-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL6-mediated signaling events
    • Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
    • Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystem
      Insulin Signaling
    • Interferon Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Interferon Signaling, organism-specific biosystemInterferons (IFNs) are cytokines that play a central role in initiating immune responses, especially antiviral and antitumor effects. There are three types of IFNs:Type I (IFN-alpha, -beta and others...
    • Interferon gamma signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Interferon gamma signaling, organism-specific biosystemInterferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) belongs to the type II interferon family and is secreted by activated immune cells-primarily T and NK cells, but also B-cells and APC. INFG exerts its effect on cells by ...
    • LPA receptor mediated events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      LPA receptor mediated events, organism-specific biosystem
      LPA receptor mediated events
    • MAPK signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      MAPK signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Mammals e...
    • Myometrial Relaxation and Contraction Pathways, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Myometrial Relaxation and Contraction Pathways, organism-specific biosystemThis pathway illustrates signaling networks implicated in uterine muscle contraction at labor and quiescence throughout gestation (pregnancy). The muscle of the uterus, responsible for contractile ac...
    • NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, organism-specific biosystemTrk receptors signal from the plasma membrane and from intracellular membranes, particularly from early endosomes. Signalling from the plasma membrane is fast but transient; signalling from endosomes...
    • Neurotrophin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Neurotrophin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemNeurotrophins are a family of trophic factors involved in differentiation and survival of neural cells. The neurotrophin family consists of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic facto...
    • Neurotrophin signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Neurotrophin signaling pathway, conserved biosystemNeurotrophins are a family of trophic factors involved in differentiation and survival of neural cells. The neurotrophin family consists of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic facto...
    • Opioid Signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Opioid Signalling, organism-specific biosystemOpioids are chemical substances similar to opiates, the active substances found in opium (morphine, codeine etc.). Opioid action is mediated by the receptors for endogenous opioids; peptides such as...
    • PDGFR-beta signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      PDGFR-beta signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      PDGFR-beta signaling pathway
    • PLC beta mediated events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PLC beta mediated events, organism-specific biosystemThe phospholipase C (PLC) family of enzymes is both diverse and complex. The isoforms beta, gamma and delta (each have subtypes) make up the members of this family. PLC hydrolyzes phosphatidylinosito...
    • PLC-gamma1 signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PLC-gamma1 signalling, organism-specific biosystemThe activation of phosphlipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) and subsequent mobilization of calcium from intracellular stores are essential for neurotrophin secretion. PLC-gamma is activated through the phosph...
    • PLCG1 events in ERBB2 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PLCG1 events in ERBB2 signaling, organism-specific biosystemActivation of PLCG1 signaling is observed only in the presence of ERBB2:EGFR heterodimers, with PLCG1 binding to phosphorylated tyrosine Y992 and Y1173 in the C-tail of EGFR (Chattopadhyay et al. 199...
    • Phospholipase C-mediated cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Phospholipase C-mediated cascade, organism-specific biosystemPhospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) is a substrate of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and other receptors with tyrosine kinase activity. It is known that the src homology region 2 (SH2 dom...
    • Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelet activation begins with the initial binding of adhesive ligands and of the excitatory platelet agonists (released or generated at the sites of vascular trauma) to cognate receptors on the pla...
    • Regulation of mRNA Stability by Proteins that Bind AU-rich Elements, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Regulation of mRNA Stability by Proteins that Bind AU-rich Elements, organism-specific biosystemRNA elements rich in adenine and uracil residues (AU-rich elements) bind specific proteins which either target the RNA for degradation or, more rarely, stabilize the RNA. The activity of the AU-eleme...
    • Role of Calcineurin-dependent NFAT signaling in lymphocytes, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Role of Calcineurin-dependent NFAT signaling in lymphocytes, organism-specific biosystem
      Role of Calcineurin-dependent NFAT signaling in lymphocytes
    • Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystemSignal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals elicit changes in cell state and activity. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment by binding ligands, such a...
    • Signaling by EGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by EGFR, organism-specific biosystemThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one member of the ERBB family of transmembrane glycoprotein tyrosine receptor kinases (RTK). Binding of EGFR to its ligands induces conformational chang...
    • Signaling by EGFR in Cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by EGFR in Cancer, organism-specific biosystemThe pathway "Signaling by EGFR in Cancer" shows "Signaling by constitutively active EGFR" in parallel with "Signaling by EGFR". This allows users to compare signaling by constitutively active EGFR ca...
    • Signaling by ERBB2, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by ERBB2, organism-specific biosystemERBB2, also known as HER2 or NEU, is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) belonging to the EGFR family. ERBB2 possesses an extracellular domain that does not bind any known ligand, contrary to other EGFR...
    • Signaling by FGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by FGFR, organism-specific biosystemThe 22 members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of growth factors mediate their cellular responses by binding to and activating the different isoforms encoded by the four receptor tyrosin...
    • Signaling by GPCR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by GPCR, organism-specific biosystemG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs; 7TM receptors; seven transmembrane domain receptors; heptahelical receptors; G protein-linked receptors [GPLR]) are the largest family of transmembrane receptors i...
    • Signaling by PDGF, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by PDGF, organism-specific biosystemPlatelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF) is a potent stimulator of growth and motility of connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells as well as other cells such as capillary end...
    • Signalling by NGF, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signalling by NGF, organism-specific biosystemNeurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4/5) play pivotal roles in survival, differentiation, and plasticity of neurons in the peripheral and central nervous system. They are produced, and secreted in mi...
    • Stabilization of mRNA by HuR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Stabilization of mRNA by HuR, organism-specific biosystemHuR (ELAVL1) is a ubiquitous protein that binds AU-rich elements in mRNAs and acts to stabilize the mRNAs. HuR activity is controlled by phosphorylation, with PKC alpha and PCK delta enhancing the ab...
    • Syndecan-2-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Syndecan-2-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      Syndecan-2-mediated signaling events
    • Syndecan-4-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Syndecan-4-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      Syndecan-4-mediated signaling events
    • TGF-beta Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      TGF-beta Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem"The TGF beta receptors TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 belong to a subfamily of membrane-bound serine/threonine kinases which are designated as Type I or II based on their structural and functional properties. Th...
    • Thromboxane A2 receptor signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Thromboxane A2 receptor signaling, organism-specific biosystem
      Thromboxane A2 receptor signaling
    • Tight junction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tight junction, organism-specific biosystemEpithelial tight junctions (TJs) are composed of at least three types of transmembrane protein -occludin, claudin and junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs)- and a cytoplasmic 'plaque' consisting of ma...
    • Tight junction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tight junction, conserved biosystemEpithelial tight junctions (TJs) are composed of at least three types of transmembrane protein -occludin, claudin and junctional adhesion molecules (JAMs)- and a cytoplasmic 'plaque' consisting of ma...
    • Trk receptor signaling mediated by PI3K and PLC-gamma, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Trk receptor signaling mediated by PI3K and PLC-gamma, organism-specific biosystem
      Trk receptor signaling mediated by PI3K and PLC-gamma
    • Trk receptor signaling mediated by the MAPK pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Trk receptor signaling mediated by the MAPK pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      Trk receptor signaling mediated by the MAPK pathway
    • Type II diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type II diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystemInsulin resistance is strongly associated with type II diabetes. "Diabetogenic" factors including FFA, TNFalpha and cellular stress induce insulin resistance through inhibition of IRS1 functions. Ser...
    • Type II diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type II diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystemInsulin resistance is strongly associated with type II diabetes. "Diabetogenic" factors including FFA, TNFalpha and cellular stress induce insulin resistance through inhibition of IRS1 functions. Ser...
    • Type II interferon signaling (IFNG), organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Type II interferon signaling (IFNG), organism-specific biosystemAdapted from Raza et al. (2008). This pathway is initiated by IFNG binding to its receptor and a subsequent phosphorylation cascade involving a number of the JAK and STAT family of proteins. Several ...
    • Vascular smooth muscle contraction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Vascular smooth muscle contraction, organism-specific biosystemThe vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) is a highly specialized cell whose principal function is contraction. On contraction, VSMCs shorten, thereby decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel to regula...
    • Vascular smooth muscle contraction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Vascular smooth muscle contraction, conserved biosystemThe vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) is a highly specialized cell whose principal function is contraction. On contraction, VSMCs shorten, thereby decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel to regula...
    • Wnt Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Wnt Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystemWnt proteins are secreted morphogens that are required for basic developmental processes, such as cell-fate specification, progenitor-cell proliferation and the control of asymmetric cell division, i...
    • Wnt Signaling Pathway and Pluripotency, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Wnt Signaling Pathway and Pluripotency, organism-specific biosystemThis pathway was adapted from several resources and is designed to provide a theoretical frame-work for examining Wnt signaling and interacting components in the context of embryonic stem-cell pluri...
    • p53 pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      p53 pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      p53 pathway

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    calcium-independent protein kinase C activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enzyme activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enzyme binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin receptor substrate binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    protein C-terminus binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    B cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    RNA metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    activation of phospholipase C activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    apoptotic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    apoptotic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    blood coagulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    cell cycle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cellular component disassembly involved in apoptosis TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    cellular senescence IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    cytokine-mediated signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    gene expression TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    immunoglobulin mediated immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    interleukin-10 production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    interleukin-12 production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    intracellular signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    mRNA metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of MAP kinase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    negative regulation of actin filament polymerization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of filopodium assembly ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of glial cell apoptosis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    negative regulation of inflammatory response IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    negative regulation of platelet aggregation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of protein binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    neutrophil activation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    platelet activation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    positive regulation of catalytic activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of glucosylceramide catabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of sphingomyelin catabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of superoxide anion generation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein phosphorylation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    protein stabilization NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    regulation of receptor activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    termination of signal transduction IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    cell-cell junction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    endoplasmic reticulum IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    mitochondrion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    nuclear matrix IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    Help top of page

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    protein kinase C delta type
    Names
    protein kinase C delta type
    protein kinase C delta VIII
    tyrosine-protein kinase PRKCD
    NP_006245.2
    NP_997704.1
    Help top of page

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_006254.3 → NP_006245.2  protein kinase C delta type

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Both variants encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW293041, BC043350, BE048101, CD369320, L07861
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2870.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q05655
      Related
      ENSP00000331602, OTTHUMP00000165025, ENST00000330452, OTTHUMT00000257819
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00029
      Location:231 – 280
      Blast Score: 179
      C1; Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) . Cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Some members of this domain family bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, some are reported to bind RasGTP. May occur in tandem arrangement. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second ...
      cd05620
      Location:353 – 668
      Blast Score: 1661
      STKc_nPKC_delta; Catalytic domain of the Protein Serine/Threonine Kinase, Novel Protein Kinase C delta
      smart00220
      Location:349 – 603
      Blast Score: 727
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

    2. NM_212539.1 → NP_997704.1  protein kinase C delta type

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Both variants encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW293041, BC043350, BE048101, CD369320, L07861
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2870.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q05655
      Related
      ENSP00000378217, OTTHUMP00000165024, ENST00000394729, OTTHUMT00000257818
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00029
      Location:231 – 280
      Blast Score: 179
      C1; Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) . Cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Some members of this domain family bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol, some are reported to bind RasGTP. May occur in tandem arrangement. Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a second ...
      cd05620
      Location:353 – 668
      Blast Score: 1661
      STKc_nPKC_delta; Catalytic domain of the Protein Serine/Threonine Kinase, Novel Protein Kinase C delta
      smart00220
      Location:349 – 603
      Blast Score: 727
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      53195223..53226733
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000135.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      53210511..53276026
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Help top of page

    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AC097015.2 (20229..51739) None
    genomic CH471055.1 EAW65279.1
      EAW65280.1
    genomic FB775496.1 CAV30705.1
    mRNA AK130150.1 None
    mRNA AK294272.1 BAG57562.1
    mRNA AK313216.1 BAG36031.1
    mRNA AW293041.1 None
    mRNA BC043350.1 AAH43350.1
    mRNA BC127261.1 None
    mRNA BE048101.1 None
    mRNA CD369320.1 None
    mRNA D10495.1 BAA01381.1
    mRNA DQ516383.1 ABF68960.1
    mRNA L07860.1 AAA03176.1
    mRNA L07861.1 AAA03175.1
    mRNA Z22521.1 CAA80249.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q05655.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q05655
    Help top of page

    Additional Links

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Medical
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous

      Supplemental Content

      Table of contents

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