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    PRKAR2A protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, alpha [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 5576, updated on 19-May-2012
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    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PRKAR2Aprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, alphaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:9391
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000114302; HPRD:01484; MIM:176910; Vega:OTTHUMG00000133540
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PKR2; PRKAR2; MGC3606
    Summary
    cAMP is a signaling molecule important for a variety of cellular functions. cAMP exerts its effects by activating the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, which transduces the signal through phosphorylation of different target proteins. The inactive kinase holoenzyme is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits have been identified in humans. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the regulatory subunits. This subunit can be phosphorylated by the activated catalytic subunit. It may interact with various A-kinase anchoring proteins and determine the subcellular localization of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. This subunit has been shown to regulate protein transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus and further to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
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    Genomic context

    Location :
    3p21.3-p21.2
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 3; NC_000003.11 (48788093..48885270, complement)
    See PRKAR2A in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene NCK interacting protein with SH3 domain Neighboring gene inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 Neighboring gene PRKAR2A antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding) Neighboring gene solute carrier family 25 (carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase), member 20

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    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

    Go to reference sequence details
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    Bibliography

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Systematic and quantitative assessment of the ubiquitin-modified proteome. Kim W, et al. Mol Cell, 2011 Oct 21. PMID 21906983.
    2. Control of PKA stability and signalling by the RING ligase praja2. Lignitto L, et al. Nat Cell Biol, 2011 Apr. PMID 21423175.
    3. Mass spectrometric analysis of lysine ubiquitylation reveals promiscuity at site level. Danielsen JM, et al. Mol Cell Proteomics, 2011 Mar. PMID 21139048.
    4. Structure of the AML1-ETO NHR3-PKA(RIIα) complex and its contribution to AML1-ETO activity. Corpora T, et al. J Mol Biol, 2010 Sep 24. PMID 20708017.
    5. Biological pathway-based genome-wide association analysis identified the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) pathway important for obesity. Liu YJ, et al. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2010 Dec. PMID 20379146.

    See all (90) citations in PubMed

    See citations in PubMed for homologs of this gene provided by HomoloGene

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    1. ETO nervy homology region (NHR) 3 domain-PKA(RIIalpha) protein interaction does not appear to significantly contribute to AML1-ETO's ability to induce leukemia.
      Title: Structure of the AML1-ETO NHR3-PKA(RIIα) complex and its contribution to AML1-ETO activity.
    2. Observational study and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Biological pathway-based genome-wide association analysis identified the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) pathway important for obesity.
    3. Observational study of gene-disease association and gene-gene interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Identification of neuroglycan C and interacting partners as potential susceptibility genes for schizophrenia in a Southern Chinese population.
    4. Bacillus anthracis edema toxin altered the protein levels and activity of protein kinase A and exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), a recently identified cAMP-binding molecule.
      Title: Bacillus anthracis edema toxin suppresses human macrophage phagocytosis and cytoskeletal remodeling via the protein kinase A and exchange protein activated by cyclic AMP pathways.
    5. RIIalpha releases Calpha upon elevated cAMP alone, dependent on autophosphorylation of the RIIalpha inhibitory domain
      Title: Isoform-specific PKA dynamics revealed by dye-triggered aggregation and DAKAP1alpha-mediated localization in living cells.
    6. The data suggest that centrosomal anchoring of RIIalpha and the interrelated subapical positioning of these centrosomes is required for oncostatin M-, but not cAMP-mediated, bile canalicular lumen development.
      Title: Anchoring of protein kinase A-regulatory subunit IIalpha to subapically positioned centrosomes mediates apical bile canalicular lumen development in response to oncostatin M but not cAMP.
    7. The high-resolution crystal structures of the docking and dimerization (D/D) domain of the RIIalpha regulatory subunit of PKA in complex with the high-affinity anchoring peptide AKAP-IS explain the molecular basis for AKAP-regulatory subunit recognition.
      Title: Molecular basis of AKAP specificity for PKA regulatory subunits.
    8. findings indicate that increased particulate type II protein kinase A activity occurs throughout pregnancy therefore directing the cAMP quiescence signal to specific subcellular loci within myometrial smooth muscle cells
      Title: Human myometrial quiescence and activation during gestation and parturition involve dramatic changes in expression and activity of particulate type II (RII alpha) protein kinase A holoenzyme.
    9. These data implicate the involvement of PKA-RIIalpha anchoring apical targeting of distinct proteins and glycosphingolipids to apical plasma membrane domains and suggest that rerouting may underlie the delayed Golgi-to-apical surface transport of MDR1.
      Title: Efficient trafficking of MDR1/P-glycoprotein to apical canalicular plasma membranes in HepG2 cells requires PKA-RIIalpha anchoring and glucosylceramide.
    10. switching of PKA isozyme can cause tumor cells to undergo phenotypic reversion of the malignancy [revoew]
      Title: Tumor reversion: protein kinase A isozyme switching.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction
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    Phenotypes

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

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    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env The exposure of CD4+ T cells to HIV gp120 results in a long-lasting hyporesponsiveness to antigen stimulation through protein kinase A-mediated signaling PubMed
    env Treatment of normal human fibroblasts with HIV-1 gp120 protein results in a significant decrease in the levels of 8-azido-[32P]cAMP binding to RI and RII domains of protein kinase A (PKA) and in PKA activity PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat induces IL-6 and TNF-alpha expression through the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways PubMed
    matrix gag HIV-1 Matrix impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro by inducing the activity of the inhibitory protein kinase A (PKA) PubMed
    gag Protein kinase A (PKA) has been shown to phosphorylate HIV-1 Matrix in vitro PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

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    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    NP_004148.1 NP_000483.2 CFTR    BIND  PubMed PKA II interacts with and phosphorylates CFTR. 
    NP_004148.1 NP_003370.2 EZR    BIND  PubMed PKA II interacts with Ezrin. 
    NP_004148.1 NP_004148.1 PRKAR2A    BIND  PubMed PKA forms a dimer. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between mouse PKA (PDB ID: 1L6E_B) and mouse PKA (PDB ID: 1L6E_A). 
    NP_004148.1 NP_003922.1 WASF1    BIND  PubMed WAVE-1 interacts with PKA. 
    NP_004148.1 P03259     BIND  PubMed PKA-RII-alpha interacts with E1A. 
    P13861 Q92667 AKAP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 O43572 AKAP10    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q9UKA4 AKAP11    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q02952 AKAP12    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q12802 AKAP13    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q86UN6 AKAP14    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q9Y2D5 AKAP2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 O75969 AKAP3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P24588 AKAP5    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q13023 AKAP6    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q9P0M2 AKAP7    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 O43823 AKAP8    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q99996 AKAP9    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q9Y6D5 ARFGEF2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 MTGR2 CBFA2T3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P13569 CFTR    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P15311 EZR    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P11137 MAP2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 AMAP 1 MYCBPAP    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q8NFP9 NBEA    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P62140 PPP1CB    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P13861 PRKAR2A    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P51817 PRKX    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q13637 RAB32    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P07949 RET    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q06455 RUNX1T1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q92736 RYR2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P47872 SCTR    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q02383 SEMG2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 P84022 SMAD3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q13485 SMAD4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P13861 Q92558 WASF1    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:113818 AKAP1    BioGRID  PubMed Far Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:116384 AKAP11    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:114958 AKAP12    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:116383 AKAP13    BioGRID  PubMed Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:127707 AKAP14    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:116386 AKAP2    BioGRID  PubMed Far Western; Protein-peptide; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:115817 AKAP3    BioGRID  PubMed Far Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:114377 AKAP4    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:114874 AKAP5    BioGRID  PubMed Protein-peptide 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:114857 AKAP6    BioGRID  PubMed Protein-peptide 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:114851 AKAP7    BioGRID  PubMed Protein-peptide 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:115561 AKAP8    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:115445 AKAP9    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Protein-peptide 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:115815 ARFGEF2    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:107311 CBFA2T3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:207994 Dynll1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:115914 GNA13    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:109187 GSK3B    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:109985 KCNQ1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:111167 PDE4A    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:115200 PJA2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:116177 RAB32    BioGRID  PubMed Far Western; Protein-peptide; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:107310 RUNX1T1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:112174 RYR2    BioGRID  PubMed Co-fractionation 
    BioGRID:111562 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western 
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    General gene information

    Markers

    Genotypes

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Apoptosis, organism-specific biosystemApoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanisms of cell death involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. The 2 major pathways of apoptosis are the extrinsic (Fas and other TNFR superfamily me...
    • Apoptosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Apoptosis, conserved biosystemApoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanisms of cell death involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. The 2 major pathways of apoptosis are the extrinsic (Fas and other TNFR superfamily me...
    • Aquaporin-mediated transport, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Aquaporin-mediated transport, organism-specific biosystemAquaporins (AQP's) are six-pass transmembrane proteins that form channels in membranes. Each monomer contains a central channel formed in part by two asparagine-proline-alanine motifs (NPA boxes) tha...
    • Ca-dependent events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Ca-dependent events, organism-specific biosystemCalcium, as the ion Ca2+, is essential in many biological processes. The majority of Ca2+ in many organisms is bound to phosphates which form skeletal structures and also buffer Ca2+ levels in extrac...
    • CaM pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      CaM pathway, organism-specific biosystemCalmodulin (CaM) is a small acidic protein that contains four EF-hand motifs, each of which can bind a calcium ion, therefore it can bind up to four calcium ions. The protein has two approximately sy...
    • Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Calcium Regulation in the Cardiac Cell, organism-specific biosystemCalcium is a common signaling mechanism, as once it enters the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory affects on many enzymes and proteins. Calcium can act in signal transduction after influx resu...
    • Calmodulin induced events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Calmodulin induced events, organism-specific biosystemOne important physiological role for Calmodulin is the regulation of adenylylcyclases. Four of the nine known adenylylcyclases are calcium sensitive, in particular type 8 (AC8).
    • DAG and IP3 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      DAG and IP3 signaling, organism-specific biosystemThis pathway describes the generation of DAG and IP3 by the PLCgamma-mediated hydrolysis of PIP2 and the subsequent downstream signaling events.
    • DARPP-32 events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      DARPP-32 events, organism-specific biosystemDopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa (DARPP-32), was identified as a major target for dopamine and protein kinase A (PKA) in striatum. Recent advances now indicate that regulation D...
    • Disease, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Disease, organism-specific biosystemBiological processes are captured in Reactome by identifying the molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, small molecules) involved in them and describing the details of their interactions. From this molecular ...
    • Downstream signal transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Downstream signal transduction, organism-specific biosystemThe role of autophosphorylation sites on PDGF receptors are to provide docking sites for downstream signal transduction molecules which contain SH2 domains. The SH2 domain is a conserved motif of aro...
    • Downstream signaling of activated FGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Downstream signaling of activated FGFR, organism-specific biosystemSignaling via FGFRs is mediated via direct recruitment of signaling proteins that bind to tyrosine auto-phosphorylation sites on the activated receptor and via closely linked docking proteins that be...
    • EGFR interacts with phospholipase C-gamma, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      EGFR interacts with phospholipase C-gamma, organism-specific biosystemActivated epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) can stimulate phosphatidylinositol (PI) turnover. Activated EGFR can activate phospholipase C-gamma1 (PLC-gamma1, i.e. PLCG1) which hydrolyses phosp...
    • Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production, organism-specific biosystemMegakaryocytes (MKs) give rise to circulating platelets (thrombocytes) through terminal differentiation of MKs which release cytoplasmic fragments as circulating platelets. As MKs mature they underg...
    • G Protein Signaling Pathways, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      G Protein Signaling Pathways, organism-specific biosystemG proteins, short for guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins involved in second messenger cascades. G proteins are so called because they function as "molecular switches". They...
    • G-protein mediated events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      G-protein mediated events, organism-specific biosystemWhen dissociated Galpha-GTP and Gbeta-gamma can activate or inhibit different signalling cascades and effector proteins. The precise pathways depends on the identity of the alpha and beta/gamma subty...
    • Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation, organism-specific biosystemGlucagon and insulin are peptide hormones released from the pancreas into the blood, that normally act in complementary fashion to stabilize blood glucose concentration. When blood glucose levels ris...
    • Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystemHemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhe...
    • Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
    • Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
    • Integration of energy metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Integration of energy metabolism, organism-specific biosystemMany hormones that affect individual physiological processes including the regulation of appetite, absorption, transport, and oxidation of foodstuffs influence energy metabolism pathways. While insul...
    • Metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Metabolism, organism-specific biosystemMetabolic processes in human cells generate energy through the oxidation of molecules consumed in the diet and mediate the synthesis of diverse essential molecules not taken in the diet as well as th...
    • Myometrial Relaxation and Contraction Pathways, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Myometrial Relaxation and Contraction Pathways, organism-specific biosystemThis pathway illustrates signaling networks implicated in uterine muscle contraction at labor and quiescence throughout gestation (pregnancy). The muscle of the uterus, responsible for contractile ac...
    • NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, organism-specific biosystemTrk receptors signal from the plasma membrane and from intracellular membranes, particularly from early endosomes. Signalling from the plasma membrane is fast but transient; signalling from endosomes...
    • Opioid Signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Opioid Signalling, organism-specific biosystemOpioids are chemical substances similar to opiates, the active substances found in opium (morphine, codeine etc.). Opioid action is mediated by the receptors for endogenous opioids; peptides such as...
    • PKA activation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PKA activation, organism-specific biosystemA number of inactive tetrameric PKA holoenzymes are produced by the combination of homo- or heterodimers of the different regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. When cAMP binds t...
    • PKA activation in glucagon signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PKA activation in glucagon signalling, organism-specific biosystemAdenylate cyclase catalyses the synthesis of cyclic AMP (cAMP) from ATP. In the absence of cAMP, protein kinase A (PKA) exists as inactive tetramers of two catalytic subunits and two regulatory subun...
    • PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CREB, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CREB, organism-specific biosystemCyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) induces gene transcription through activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), and subsequent phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP respo...
    • PLC beta mediated events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PLC beta mediated events, organism-specific biosystemThe phospholipase C (PLC) family of enzymes is both diverse and complex. The isoforms beta, gamma and delta (each have subtypes) make up the members of this family. PLC hydrolyzes phosphatidylinosito...
    • PLC-gamma1 signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PLC-gamma1 signalling, organism-specific biosystemThe activation of phosphlipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) and subsequent mobilization of calcium from intracellular stores are essential for neurotrophin secretion. PLC-gamma is activated through the phosph...
    • PLCG1 events in ERBB2 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PLCG1 events in ERBB2 signaling, organism-specific biosystemActivation of PLCG1 signaling is observed only in the presence of ERBB2:EGFR heterodimers, with PLCG1 binding to phosphorylated tyrosine Y992 and Y1173 in the C-tail of EGFR (Chattopadhyay et al. 199...
    • Phospholipase C-mediated cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Phospholipase C-mediated cascade, organism-specific biosystemPhospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) is a substrate of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and other receptors with tyrosine kinase activity. It is known that the src homology region 2 (SH2 dom...
    • Regulation of Insulin Secretion, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Regulation of Insulin Secretion, organism-specific biosystemPancreatic beta cells integrate signals from several metabolites and hormones to control the secretion of insulin. In general, glucose triggers insulin secretion while other factors can amplify or in...
    • Regulation of Insulin Secretion by Glucagon-like Peptide-1, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Regulation of Insulin Secretion by Glucagon-like Peptide-1, organism-specific biosystemGlucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by L-cells in the intestine in response to glucose and fatty acids. GLP-1 circulates to the beta cells of the pancreas where it binds a G-protein coupled r...
    • Regulation of Water Balance by Renal Aquaporins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Regulation of Water Balance by Renal Aquaporins, organism-specific biosystemIn the kidney water and solutes are passed out of the bloodstream and into the proximal tubule via the slit-like structure formed by nephrin in the glomerulus. Water is reabsorbed from the filtrate d...
    • Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystemSignal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals elicit changes in cell state and activity. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment by binding ligands, such a...
    • Signaling by EGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by EGFR, organism-specific biosystemThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one member of the ERBB family of transmembrane glycoprotein tyrosine receptor kinases (RTK). Binding of EGFR to its ligands induces conformational chang...
    • Signaling by EGFR in Cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by EGFR in Cancer, organism-specific biosystemThe pathway "Signaling by EGFR in Cancer" shows "Signaling by constitutively active EGFR" in parallel with "Signaling by EGFR". This allows users to compare signaling by constitutively active EGFR ca...
    • Signaling by ERBB2, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by ERBB2, organism-specific biosystemERBB2, also known as HER2 or NEU, is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) belonging to the EGFR family. ERBB2 possesses an extracellular domain that does not bind any known ligand, contrary to other EGFR...
    • Signaling by FGFR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by FGFR, organism-specific biosystemThe 22 members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family of growth factors mediate their cellular responses by binding to and activating the different isoforms encoded by the four receptor tyrosin...
    • Signaling by GPCR, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by GPCR, organism-specific biosystemG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs; 7TM receptors; seven transmembrane domain receptors; heptahelical receptors; G protein-linked receptors [GPLR]) are the largest family of transmembrane receptors i...
    • Signaling by PDGF, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by PDGF, organism-specific biosystemPlatelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF) is a potent stimulator of growth and motility of connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells as well as other cells such as capillary end...
    • Signalling by NGF, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signalling by NGF, organism-specific biosystemNeurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4/5) play pivotal roles in survival, differentiation, and plasticity of neurons in the peripheral and central nervous system. They are produced, and secreted in mi...
    • TGF-beta Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      TGF-beta Receptor Signaling Pathway, organism-specific biosystem"The TGF beta receptors TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 belong to a subfamily of membrane-bound serine/threonine kinases which are designated as Type I or II based on their structural and functional properties. Th...
    • Transmembrane transport of small molecules, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Transmembrane transport of small molecules, organism-specific biosystem
      Transmembrane transport of small molecules

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    cAMP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    protein domain specific binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    protein homodimerization activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    ubiquitin protein ligase binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    activation of phospholipase C activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    activation of protein kinase A activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    blood coagulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    cellular response to glucagon stimulus TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    energy reserve metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    intracellular signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    protein heterooligomerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    regulation of insulin secretion TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    regulation of protein kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    regulation of protein phosphorylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    small molecule metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    transmembrane transport TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    water transport TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    T-tubule IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    centrosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    membrane fraction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    soluble fraction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
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    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit
    Names
    cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit
    protein kinase A, RII-alpha subunit
    cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit RII alpha
    NP_004148.1
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    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_004157.2 → NP_004148.1  cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      BC002763, CF994284, X14968
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2778.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13861
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9BUB1
      Related
      ENSP00000265563, OTTHUMP00000164821, ENST00000265563, OTTHUMT00000257518
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00038
      Location:261 – 382
      Blast Score: 243
      CAP_ED; effector domain of the CAP family of transcription factors; members include CAP (or cAMP receptor protein (CRP)), which binds cAMP, FNR (fumarate and nitrate reduction), which uses an iron-sulfur cluster to sense oxygen) and CooA, a heme containing CO ...
      cl02594
      Location:8 – 45
      Blast Score: 145
      RIIa; Regulatory subunit of type II PKA R-subunit

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      48788093..48885270, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000135.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      48846714..48943468, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AC141002.8 (85382..138980) None
    genomic AC144546.9 (2004..45582) None
    genomic CH471055.1 EAW64925.1
      EAW64926.1
      EAW64927.1
      EAW64928.1
    genomic X99455.1 CAA67817.1
    mRNA AK293042.1 BAF85731.1
    mRNA BC002763.2 AAH02763.1
    mRNA BT007225.1 AAP35889.1
    mRNA CF994284.1 None
    mRNA X14968.1 CAA33094.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P13861.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P13861
    Q9BUB1 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9BUB1
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    Additional Links

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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