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    PRKAA2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunit [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 5563, updated on 19-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    PRKAA2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunitprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:9377
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000162409; HPRD:02735; MIM:600497; Vega:OTTHUMG00000008282
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    AMPK; AMPK2; PRKAA; AMPKa2
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is a catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggest that this catalytic subunit may control whole-body insulin sensitivity and is necessary for maintaining myocardial energy homeostasis during ischemia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    1p31
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 1; NC_000001.10 (57110990..57181008)
    See PRKAA2 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L21 pseudogene 23 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L23a pseudogene Neighboring gene chromosome 1 open reading frame 168 Neighboring gene complement component 8, alpha polypeptide

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    NP_006243.2 NP_000446.1 STK11    BIND  PubMed LKB1 interacts with AMPK-alpha. 
    P54646 Q13085 ACACA    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 O00763 ACACB    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 O00418 EEF2K    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 P41235 HNF4A    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 P41159 LEP    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 O60825 PFKFB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 Q9Y478 PRKAB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 P54619 PRKAG1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 Q15831 STK11    HPRD  PubMed  
    P54646 Q15654 TRIP6    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:106549 ACACA    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:106686 AGL    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:127557 AMOT    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:121017 BAIAP2L1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:115889 CAMKK2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:108040 DFFA    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:109569 DNAJB1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:113679 EPM2A    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:128366 FLCN    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:125175 FNIP1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:108941 GFPT1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:109247 GYG1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:109252 GYS1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:129628 KIAA0284    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:110381 MAP3K5    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:114524 MAP3K6    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:116670 MAST3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:113752 MLF2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:117457 PARS2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:111312 PIK3CG    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:111549 PRKAA1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:111551 PRKAB1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:111552 PRKAB2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:111558 PRKAG1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:119531 PRKAG2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:115160 RB1CC1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:115002 SH3PXD2A    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:113871 SMC1A    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:112662 STIM1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:121666 STIM2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:111550 BioGRID:113996 ULK1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    • Homologs of the PRKAA2 gene: The PRKAA2 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, , dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, zebrafish, fruit fly, mosquito, C.elegans, S.cerevisiae, K.lactis, , S.pombe, , N.crassa, and rice.
    • Map Viewer (Mouse, Rat)

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • AMPK inhibits chREBP transcriptional activation activity, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      AMPK inhibits chREBP transcriptional activation activity, organism-specific biosystemAMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy levels. A high cellular ratio of AMP:ATP triggers the phosphorylation and activation of AMPK. Activated AMPK in turn phosphorylates ...
    • AMPK signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      AMPK signaling, organism-specific biosystemAMPK signaling pathway, a fuel sensor and regulator, promotes ATP-producing and inhibits ATP-consuming pathways in various tissues. AMPK is a heterotrimer composed of alpha-catalytic and beta and gam...
    • Adipocytokine signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Adipocytokine signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemIncreased adipocyte volume and number are positively correlated with leptin production, and negatively correlated with production of adiponectin. Leptin is an important regulator of energy intake and...
    • Adipocytokine signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Adipocytokine signaling pathway, conserved biosystemIncreased adipocyte volume and number are positively correlated with leptin production, and negatively correlated with production of adiponectin. Leptin is an important regulator of energy intake and...
    • Energy Metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Energy Metabolism, organism-specific biosystemThe PPARGC1A protein is a transcriptional coactivator that regulates the genes involved in energy metabolism. This protein interacts with the nuclear receptor PPARG, which permits the interaction of ...
    • Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Energy dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK, organism-specific biosystemUpon formation of a trimeric LKB1:STRAD:MO25 complex, LKB1 phosphorylates and activates AMPK. If the AMP:ATP ratio rises, this activation is maintained and AMPK activates the TSC complex by phosphory...
    • Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism, organism-specific biosystemThe reactions involved in the metabolism of fatty acids and of the triacylglycerols and ketone bodies derived from them form a closely interrelated, coordinately regulated module that plays a central...
    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), organism-specific biosystemHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance that is characterized by hypertrophy of the left ventricles with histological feat...
    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), conserved biosystemHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disorder with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance that is characterized by hypertrophy of the left ventricles with histological feat...
    • IRS-mediated signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      IRS-mediated signalling, organism-specific biosystemRelease of phospho-IRS from the insulin receptor triggers a cascade of signalling events via PI3K, SOS, RAF and the MAP kinases.
    • IRS-related events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      IRS-related events, organism-specific biosystemIRS is one of the mediators of insulin signalling events. It is activated by phosphorylation and triggers a cascade of events involving PI3K, SOS, RAF and the MAP kinases. The proteins mentioned unde...
    • Import of palmitoyl-CoA into the mitochondrial matrix, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Import of palmitoyl-CoA into the mitochondrial matrix, organism-specific biosystemThe mitochondrial carnitine system catalyzes the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix where they undergo beta oxidation. This transport system consists of the malonyl-Co...
    • Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystem
      Insulin Signaling
    • Insulin receptor signalling cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Insulin receptor signalling cascade, organism-specific biosystemAutophosphorylation of the insulin receptor triggers a series of signalling events, mediated by SHC or IRS, and resulting in activation of the Ras/RAF and MAP kinase cascades. A second effect of the ...
    • Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
    • Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
    • Integration of energy metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Integration of energy metabolism, organism-specific biosystemMany hormones that affect individual physiological processes including the regulation of appetite, absorption, transport, and oxidation of foodstuffs influence energy metabolism pathways. While insul...
    • Metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Metabolism, organism-specific biosystemMetabolic processes in human cells generate energy through the oxidation of molecules consumed in the diet and mediate the synthesis of diverse essential molecules not taken in the diet as well as th...
    • Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, organism-specific biosystemLipids are hydrophobic but otherwise chemically diverse molecules that play a wide variety of roles in human biology. They include ketone bodies, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phospholipids and sphi...
    • PI3K Cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PI3K Cascade, organism-specific biosystem
      PI3K Cascade
    • PKB-mediated events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PKB-mediated events, organism-specific biosystemPKB and PDK1 are activated via membrane-bound PIP3. Activated PDK1 phosphorylates PKB, which in turn phosphorylates PDE3B. The latter hydrolyses cAMP to 5'AMP, depleting cAMP pools.
    • Regulation of AMPK activity via LKB1, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Regulation of AMPK activity via LKB1, organism-specific biosystemLKB1 forms a complex with STRAD and MO25 thereby attaining a higher activity towards its substrates belonging to the subfamily of AMPK like kinases. LKB1:STRAD:MO25 complex phosphorylates AMPK consta...
    • Regulation of Rheb GTPase activity by AMPK, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Regulation of Rheb GTPase activity by AMPK, organism-specific biosystemActivated AMPK phosphorylates TSC2 and activates the TSC complex. TSC2 functions as a GTPase-activating protein and stimulates the intrinsic GTPase activity of a small G-protein Rheb. This results in...
    • Regulation of autophagy, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Regulation of autophagy, organism-specific biosystem
      Regulation of autophagy
    • Regulation of autophagy, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Regulation of autophagy, conserved biosystem
      Regulation of autophagy
    • Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystemSignal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals elicit changes in cell state and activity. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment by binding ligands, such a...
    • Signaling by Insulin receptor, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by Insulin receptor, organism-specific biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in receptor autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues and the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (e.g. IRS and Shc) by the insulin receptor...
    • mTOR signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      mTOR signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      mTOR signaling pathway
    • mTOR signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      mTOR signaling pathway, conserved biosystem
      mTOR signaling pathway
    • mTOR signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      mTOR signalling, organism-specific biosystem
      mTOR signalling

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    AMP-activated protein kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    AMP-activated protein kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    chromatin binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    histone serine kinase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
     
    protein binding, bridging IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    protein kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein serine/threonine kinase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    Wnt receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    carnitine shuttle TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    cell cycle arrest TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    cellular lipid metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    cellular response to glucose starvation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    cellular response to nutrient levels ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    cellular response to organic nitrogen IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cholesterol biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    chromatin modification IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    energy reserve metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    fatty acid homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    glucose homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    histone-serine phosphorylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    insulin receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    lipid biosynthetic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    negative regulation of TOR signaling cascade ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    negative regulation of apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    positive regulation of autophagy ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    positive regulation of glycolysis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    protein heterooligomerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    protein phosphorylation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    regulation of circadian rhythm ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    regulation of energy homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    regulation of fatty acid oxidation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    regulation of lipid metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to caffeine IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to stress ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    rhythmic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    small molecule metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    AMP-activated protein kinase complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    apical plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2
    Names
    5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2
    AMPK-alpha-2 chain
    AMPK subunit alpha-2
    5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, catalytic alpha-2 chain
    NP_006243.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_006252.3 → NP_006243.2  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL035705, BC069740, BM979925, DA710012
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS605.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P54646
      Related
      ENSP00000360290, OTTHUMP00000009993, ENST00000371244, OTTHUMT00000022753
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05123
      Location:22 – 268
      Blast Score: 608
      STKc_AGC; Catalytic domain of AGC family Protein Serine/Threonine Kinases
      smart00220
      Location:16 – 268
      Blast Score: 804
      S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000001.10 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      57110990..57181008
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000133.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      55223513..55293426
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AC099789.2 (93938..103050) None
    genomic AL035705.22 CAC17574.2
    genomic CH471059.2 EAX06650.1
    mRNA AI732856.1 None
    mRNA AK314011.1 BAG36722.1
    mRNA AL596521.1 None
    mRNA AL710110.1 None
    mRNA BC043195.2 None
    mRNA BC069680.1 AAH69680.1
    mRNA BC069740.1 AAH69740.1
    mRNA BC069823.1 AAH69823.1
    mRNA BM979925.1 None
    mRNA CB985850.1 None
    mRNA CF552084.1 None
    mRNA DA710012.1 None
    mRNA EF056019.1 ABK30810.1
    mRNA U06454.1 AAA64745.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    AAB32732.1 GenPept
    P54646.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P54646

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