- BARD1 signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
BARD1 signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
BARD1 signaling events
- BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), organism-specific biosystemStructural complex; Genetic information processing; Repair system
- Base Excision Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Base Excision Repair, organism-specific biosystemOf the three major pathways involved in the repair of nucleotide damage in DNA, base excision repair (BER) involves the greatest number of individual enzymatic activities. This is the consequence of...
- Base excision repair, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Base excision repair, organism-specific biosystemBase excision repair (BER) is the predominant DNA damage repair pathway for the processing of small base lesions, derived from oxidation and alkylation damages. BER is normally defined as DNA repair ...
- Base excision repair, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Base excision repair, conserved biosystemBase excision repair (BER) is the predominant DNA damage repair pathway for the processing of small base lesions, derived from oxidation and alkylation damages. BER is normally defined as DNA repair ...
- Cell Cycle, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell Cycle, organism-specific biosystem
Cell Cycle
- Cell Cycle, Mitotic, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Cell Cycle, Mitotic, organism-specific biosystemThe replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells are controlled by a series of events collectively known as the cell cycle. DNA replication is carried o...
- Cell cycle, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Cell cycle, organism-specific biosystem(From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_cycle) The cell cycle is the series of events that takes place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication). Regulation of the cell cycle in...
- Cell cycle, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Cell cycle, organism-specific biosystemMitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps known as G1 and G2 phases. Cycli...
- Cell cycle, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Cell cycle, conserved biosystemMitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps known as G1 and G2 phases. Cycli...
- Chromosome Maintenance, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Chromosome Maintenance, organism-specific biosystemChromosome maintenance is critical for stable chromosome function in mammalian and other eukaryotic cells. Aspects of telomere maintenance and nucleosome assembly are covered here.
- DNA Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA Repair, organism-specific biosystemDNA repair is a phenomenal multi-enzyme, multi-pathway system required to ensure the integrity of the cellular genome. These cellular mechanisms that must cope with the plethora of DNA base pair ad...
- DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystemStudies in the past decade have suggested that the basic mechanism of DNA replication initiation is conserved in all kingdoms of life. Initiation in unicellular eukaryotes, in particular Saccharomyce...
- DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA Replication, organism-specific biosystemStudies in the past decade have suggested that the basic mechanism of DNA replication initiation is conserved in all kingdoms of life. Initiation in unicellular eukaryotes, in particular Saccharomyce...
- DNA replication, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
DNA replication, organism-specific biosystemA complex network of interacting proteins and enzymes is required for DNA replication. Generally, DNA replication follows a multistep enzymatic pathway. At the DNA replication fork, a DNA helicase (D...
- DNA replication, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
DNA replication, conserved biosystemA complex network of interacting proteins and enzymes is required for DNA replication. Generally, DNA replication follows a multistep enzymatic pathway. At the DNA replication fork, a DNA helicase (D...
- DNA strand elongation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
DNA strand elongation, organism-specific biosystemAccurate and efficient genome duplication requires coordinated processes to replicate two template strands at eucaryotic replication forks. Knowledge of the fundamental reactions involved in replicat...
- Direct p53 effectors, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Direct p53 effectors, organism-specific biosystem
Direct p53 effectors
- E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication, organism-specific biosystemProgression through G1 and G1 to S-phase transition that initiates DNA synthesis involve many complexes that are regulated by RB1:E2F pathway. RB1:E2F pathway plays a key role in gene expression regu...
- Extension of Telomeres, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Extension of Telomeres, organism-specific biosystemTelomerase acts as reverse transcriptase in the elongation of telomeres (Smogorzewska and de Lange 2004).
- G0 and Early G1, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
G0 and Early G1, organism-specific biosystemIn G0 and early G1 in quiescent cells, p130 (RBL2) bound to E2F4 or E2F5 and either DP1 or DP2, associates with the MuvB complex, forming an evolutionarily conserved DREAM complex, that represses tra...
- G1 to S cell cycle control, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
G1 to S cell cycle control, organism-specific biosystemIn the G1 phase there are two types of DNA damage responses, the p53-dependent and the p53-independent pathways. The p53-dependent responses inhibit CDKs through the up-regulation of genes encoding C...
- G1/S Transition, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
G1/S Transition, organism-specific biosystemCyclin E - Cdk2 complexes control the transition from G1 into S-phase. In this case, the binding of p21Cip1/Waf1 or p27kip1 is inhibitory. Important substrates for Cyclin E - Cdk2 complexes include p...
- G1/S-Specific Transcription, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
G1/S-Specific Transcription, organism-specific biosystemThe E2F family of transcription factors regulate the transition from the G1 to the S phase in the cell cycle. E2F activity is regulated by members of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) family, resultin...
- Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER, organism-specific biosystemThe resultant gap is filled by polymerase activities of Pol delta and Pol epsilon. Accessory replication protein complexes of RPA, PCNA and RFC play a role in this synthesis. DNA Ligase 1 seals the ...
- Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystemPolymerization is carried out by DNA polymerases, delta and epsilon.
- Global Genomic NER (GG-NER), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Global Genomic NER (GG-NER), organism-specific biosystemGG-NER is considered to be transcription-independent, removing lesions from non-transcribed regions of genome in addition to non-transcribed strands of transcribed regions. The three events that char...
- HTLV-I infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
HTLV-I infection, organism-specific biosystemHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a pathogenic retrovirus that is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). It is also strongly implicated in non-neoplastic chronic inflammato...
- HTLV-I infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
HTLV-I infection, conserved biosystemHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a pathogenic retrovirus that is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). It is also strongly implicated in non-neoplastic chronic inflammato...
- Lagging Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Lagging Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystemDue to the antiparallel nature of DNA, DNA polymerization is unidirectional, and one strand is synthesized discontinuously. This strand is called the lagging strand. Although the polymerase switching...
- Leading Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Leading Strand Synthesis, organism-specific biosystemThe processive complex is responsible for synthesizing at least 5-10 kb of DNA in a continuous manner during leading strand synthesis. The incorporation of nucleotides by pol delta is quite accurate....
- Mismatch repair, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Mismatch repair, organism-specific biosystemDNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved biological pathway that plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability. MMR corrects DNA mismatches generated during DNA replication, thereby preven...
- Mismatch repair, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Mismatch repair, conserved biosystemDNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved biological pathway that plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability. MMR corrects DNA mismatches generated during DNA replication, thereby preven...
- Mitotic G1-G1/S phases, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Mitotic G1-G1/S phases, organism-specific biosystem
Mitotic G1-G1/S phases
- Nifedipine Activity, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Nifedipine Activity, organism-specific biosystem
Nifedipine Activity
- Nucleotide Excision Repair, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Nucleotide Excision Repair, organism-specific biosystemNER was first described in the model organism E. coli in the early 1960s as a process whereby bulky base damage is enzymatically removed from DNA, facilitating the recovery of DNA synthesis and cell ...
- Nucleotide excision repair, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Nucleotide excision repair, organism-specific biosystemNucleotide excision repair (NER) is a mechanism to recognize and repair bulky DNA damage caused by compounds, environmental carcinogens, and exposure to UV-light. In humans hereditary defects in the ...
- Nucleotide excision repair, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Nucleotide excision repair, conserved biosystemNucleotide excision repair (NER) is a mechanism to recognize and repair bulky DNA damage caused by compounds, environmental carcinogens, and exposure to UV-light. In humans hereditary defects in the ...
- Polymerase switching, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Polymerase switching, organism-specific biosystemAfter the primers are synthesized, Replication Factor C binds to the 3'-end of the initiator DNA to trigger polymerase switching. The non-processive nature of pol alpha catalytic activity and the tig...
- Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere, organism-specific biosystemAfter the primers are synthesized on the G-Rich strand, Replication Factor C binds to the 3'-end of the initiator DNA to trigger polymerase switching. The non-processive nature of pol alpha catalytic...
- Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere, organism-specific biosystemOnce polymerase switching from pol alpha to pol delta is complete the processive synthesis of a short run of DNA called an Okazaki fragment begins. DNA synthesis is discontinuous and as the extending...
- Processive synthesis on the lagging strand, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Processive synthesis on the lagging strand, organism-specific biosystemThe key event that allows the processive synthesis on the lagging strand, is polymerase switching from pol alpha to pol delta, as on the leading strand. However, the processive synthesis on the laggi...
- Removal of DNA patch containing abasic residue, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Removal of DNA patch containing abasic residue, organism-specific biosystemDuring removal of DNA patch containing abasic residue, DNA glycosylase is displaced by APE1 which endonucleolytically cleaves the 5' side of the base-free deoxyribose residue. POL Beta is recruite...
- Removal of the Flap Intermediate, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Removal of the Flap Intermediate, organism-specific biosystemTwo endonucleases, Dna2 and flap endonuclease 1 (FEN-1), are responsible for resolving the nascent flap structure (Tsurimoto and Stillman 1991). The Dna2 endonuclease/helicase in yeast is a monomer o...
- Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand, organism-specific biosystemTwo endonucleases, Dna2 and flap endonuclease 1 (FEN-1), are responsible for resolving the nascent flap structure (Tsurimoto and Stillman 1991). The Dna2 endonuclease/helicase in yeast is a monomer o...
- Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER, organism-specific biosystem
Repair synthesis for gap-filling by DNA polymerase in TC-NER
- Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA polymerase, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Repair synthesis of patch ~27-30 bases long by DNA polymerase, organism-specific biosystemRepair synthesis is carried out by the DNA dependent DNA polymerases, delta and epsilon.
- Resolution of AP sites via the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Resolution of AP sites via the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway, organism-specific biosystemWhile the single-nucleotide replacement pathway appears to facilitate the repair of most damaged bases, an alternative BER pathway is evoked when the structure of the terminal sugar phosphate is such...
- Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites), organism-specific biosystemResolution of AP sites can occur through the single-nucleotide replacement pathway or through the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway.
- S Phase, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
S Phase, organism-specific biosystemDNA synthesis occurs in the S phase, or the synthesis phase, of the cell cycle. The cell duplicates its hereditary material, and two copies of the chromosome are formed. As DNA replication continu...
- Synthesis of DNA, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Synthesis of DNA, organism-specific biosystemThe actual synthesis of DNA occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle. This includes the initiation of DNA replication, when the first nucleotide of the new strand is laid down during the synthesis of ...
- Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis, organism-specific biosystemDue to the antiparallel nature of DNA, DNA polymerization is unidirectional, and one strand is synthesized discontinuously. This strand is called the lagging strand. Although the polymerase switching...
- Telomere Maintenance, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Telomere Maintenance, organism-specific biosystemTelomeres are protein-DNA complexes at the ends of linear chromosomes that are important for genome stability. Telomeric DNA in humans, as in many eukaryotic organisms, consists of tandem repeats (B...
- Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER), organism-specific biosystemThe preferential repair of UV-induced damage in transcribed strands of active genes is known as Transcription-coupled NER (TC-NER). Impairment of the ability for TC-NER results in the onset of a sev...