PAEP progestagen-associated endometrial protein [Homo sapiens] - Gene

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Summary

Official Symbol: PAEPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: progestagen-associated endometrial proteinprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:8573
Locus tag: RP11-98L5.3
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000122133; HPRD:01411; MIM:173310; Vega:OTTHUMG00000020914
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: GD; GdA; GdF; GdS; PEP; PAEG; PP14
Summary: This gene is a member of the kernel lipocalin superfamily whose members share relatively low sequence similarity but have highly conserved exon/intron structure and three-dimensional protein folding. Most lipocalins are clustered on the long arm of chromosome 9. The encoded glycoprotein has been previously referred to as pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha-2-globulin, placental protein 14, and glycodelin, but has been officially named progestagen-associated endometrial protein. Three distinct forms, with identical protein backbones but different glycosylation profiles, are found in amniotic fluid, follicular fluid and seminal plasma of the reproductive system. These glycoproteins have distinct and essential roles in regulating a uterine environment suitable for pregnancy and in the timing and occurrence of the appropriate sequence of events in the fertilization process. A number of alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed at this locus, but the full-length nature of only two, each encoding the same protein, has been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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Genomic context

Location :: 9q34

Sequence :: Chromosome: 9; NC_000009.11 (138453604..138458622)

See PAEP in Epigenomics, MapViewer

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

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Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Genomic Sequence

Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

Go to reference sequence details

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Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

glycodelin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and lung metastases
Title: Immunolocalization of glycodelin in human adenocarcinoma of the lung, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and lung metastases of colonic adenocarcinoma.
GdA interacts with Siglec-6 to suppress trophoblast invasiveness by down-regulating the ERK/c-Jun signaling pathway.
Title: Glycodelin-A protein interacts with Siglec-6 protein to suppress trophoblast invasiveness by down-regulating extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/c-Jun signaling pathway.
Gene expression analysis revealed a correlation between progestagen-associated endometrial protein expression in sporadic and familial non-BRCA1/2 breast cancers
Title: Glycodelin expression associates with differential tumour phenotype and outcome in sporadic and familial non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer patients.
At ovulation (day LH + 1), glycodelin concentration is increased in endometrium (and thus in endometrial flushing fluid) of infertile women with abnormal fallopian tubes compared to fertile controls.
Title: Glycodelin in endometrial flushing fluid and endometrial biopsies from infertile and fertile women.
GdA (not GdC, GdS, or deglycosylated GdA) up-regulates expression of Fas, suppresses MAPK signaling, and enhances cell death in isolated Th-1 cells (but not Th-2 cells). These data suggest GdA may contribute to Th-2/Th-1 shift as seen in pregnancy.
Title: Differential actions of glycodelin-A on Th-1 and Th-2 cells: a paracrine mechanism that could produce the Th-2 dominant environment during pregnancy.
significant differences in glycodelin and IL-10 between the fibroid and the control group suggesting that submucous fibroids may have an adverse effect on endometrial receptivity.
Title: Endometrial implantation factors in women with submucous uterine fibroids.
PP14 arrests T cells in a unique activated state that is not accompanied with the acquisition of effector function.
Title: Inhibition of effector function but not T cell activation and increase in FoxP3 expression in T cells differentiated in the presence of PP14.
we propose that GdA in the oviductal fluid binds to spermatozoa, potentiating them for zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction via the cAMP/PKA/ERK/IP3R1 pathway
Title: Zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa is potentiated by glycodelin-A via down-regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and up-regulation of zona pellucida-induced calcium influx.
These data strongly implicate the PAEP gene as a tumour growth promoter with oncogenic properties and a potential therapeutic target for patients with advanced melanoma.
Title: Functional characterization of the progestagen-associated endometrial protein gene in human melanoma.
GdA plays a protective role during pregnancy by regulating the cytolytic activity of CD8(+) T cells.
Title: Glycodelin A suppresses the cytolytic activity of CD8+ T lymphocytes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (57)

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Phenotypes

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

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HIV-1 protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	3-hydroxyphthalic anhydride (3HP) modified glycodelin GdA and GdS proteins inhibit HIV-1 gp120-CD4 binding and induce anti-HIV activity	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Source	Pubs	Description
AAA35801.1	NP_002829.2	PTPRC	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	P01023	A2M	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	Q7L5N1	COPS6	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	P68104	EEF1A1	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	Q96ID5	IGSF21	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	Q5T3J3	LRIF1	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	P08575	PTPRC	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	P84022	SMAD3	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	P51965	UBE2E1	HPRD	PubMed
P09466	P12956	XRCC6	HPRD	PubMed
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:106524	A2M	BioGRID	PubMed	Co-purification; Reconstituted Complex
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:114342	BANF1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:116176	COPS6	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:108237	EEF1A1	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:124396	IGSF21	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:120905	LRIF1	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:111752	PTPRC	BioGRID	PubMed	Co-localization
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:113172	UBE2E1	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:111084	BioGRID:108822	XRCC6	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
transporter activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
multicellular organismal development	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
NOT nucleolus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

Preferred Names: glycodelin

Names: glycodelin; PEG; glycodelin-A; glycodelin-F; glycodelin-S; placental protein 14; alpha uterine protein; PP14 protein (placental protein 14); progesterone-associated endometrial protein; pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha-2 globulin; pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha-2-globulin; progestagen-associated endometrial protein (placental protein 14, pregnancy-associated endometrial a

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NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001018049.1 → NP_001018059.1 glycodelin precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript.

Source sequence(s)

AL050169, AL354761, J04129

Consensus CDS

CCDS35173.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P09466

Related

ENSP00000277508, OTTHUMP00000022550, ENST00000277508, OTTHUMT00000055012

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl01150
Location:34 – 175
Blast Score: 272

Lipocalin; Lipocalin / cytosolic fatty-acid binding protein family
NM_002571.2 → NP_002562.2 glycodelin precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate, in-frame splice site in the 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. It encodes the same protein as variant 1.

Source sequence(s)

AL050169, BC069451, J04129

Consensus CDS

CCDS35173.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P09466

Related

ENSP00000417898, OTTHUMP00000022548, ENST00000479141, OTTHUMT00000055010

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl01150
Location:34 – 175
Blast Score: 272

Lipocalin; Lipocalin / cytosolic fatty-acid binding protein family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000009.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Range

138453604..138458622

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate HuRef

Genomic

AC_000141.1 Alternate HuRef

Range

107915451..107920498

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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Related Sequences

Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version	Protein
genomic	AL354761.17	CAI17197.1
		CAI17198.1
		CAI17199.1
		CAI17200.1
		CAI17201.1
genomic	CH471090.1	EAW88163.1
		EAW88164.1
		EAW88165.1
		EAW88166.1
		EAW88167.1
		EAW88168.1
genomic	M34046.1	AAA60148.1
mRNA	AK304657.1	BAG65432.1
mRNA	AK309983.1	None
mRNA	AK311007.1	None
mRNA	AK311730.1	None
mRNA	AK311813.1	BAG34756.1
mRNA	BC069451.1	AAH69451.1
mRNA	BC069562.1	AAH69562.1
mRNA	BC112304.1	AAI12305.1
mRNA	BC113728.1	AAI13729.1
mRNA	DQ884407.1	ABI63374.1
mRNA	J04129.1	AAA60147.1
mRNA	M61886.1	AAA35801.1
		AAA35802.1
other-genetic	HQ258098.1	ADR82852.1
other-genetic	HQ448469.1	ADQ32949.1

Protein Accession	Links
Protein Accession	GenePept Link	UniProtKB Link
P09466.2	GenPept	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P09466
Q5T6T4	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q5T6T4
Q5T6T5	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q5T6T5
Q5T6T6	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q5T6T6