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    NOS2 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 4843, updated on 19-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    NOS2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    nitric oxide synthase 2, inducibleprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:7873
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000007171; HPRD:01225; MIM:163730; Vega:OTTHUMG00000132445
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    NOS; INOS; NOS2A; HEP-NOS
    Summary
    Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. This gene encodes a nitric oxide synthase which is expressed in liver and is inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines. Three related pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    17q11.2-q12
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 17; NC_000017.10 (26083792..26127555, complement)
    See NOS2 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene TBC1 domain family, member 29 pseudogene Neighboring gene lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 9 pseudogene Neighboring gene chromosome 17 open reading frame 108 Neighboring gene nemo-like kinase Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S29 pseudogene 22

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Ascorbate supplementation prevents the deleterious upregulation of iNOS and associated neuronal (MAP2) and astrocytic (GFAP) protein expression and structural changes caused by gp120 in human brain cell cultures PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env The amino terminus of HIV-1 gp41 induces nitric oxide synthase in human glial and astrocyte cultures and that causes the dysregulation of nitric oxide production PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat induces iNOS in human astroglia and microglia through the activation of NF-kappaB and C/EBPbeta, an effect that may participate in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat induces iNOS in rat brain injected with Tat through upregulation of TNF-alpha, suggesting a mechanism for Tat-induced CNS damage PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat induces the expression of NOS-2 and NOS-3 which appears to be a mechanism for regulating Tat-mediated degradation of IkappaBalpha and activation of NFkappaB PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat inhibits interferon-induced iNOS activity in a murine macrophage cell line PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    P35228 P60709 ACTB    HPRD  PubMed  
    P35228 O43707 ACTN4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P35228 Q03135 CAV1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P35228 P35228 NOS2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P35228 P63000 RAC1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P35228 P15153 RAC2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P35228 O14745 SLC9A3R1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P35228 P12931 SRC    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:107305 CAV1    BioGRID  PubMed Co-fractionation; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:113743 CUL5    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:111817 RAC1    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:111818 RAC2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:114977 RNF7    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:114769 SLC9A3R1    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:123158 SPSB1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Co-localization; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:124227 SPSB2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:124941 SPSB4    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:112783 TCEB1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:110906 BioGRID:119509 UCHL5    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • ATF-2 transcription factor network, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      ATF-2 transcription factor network, organism-specific biosystem
      ATF-2 transcription factor network
    • Amoebiasis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Amoebiasis, organism-specific biosystemEntamoeba histolytica, an extracellular protozoan parasite is a human pathogen that invades the intestinal epithelium. Infection occurs on ingestion of contaminated water and food. The pathogenesis o...
    • Amoebiasis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Amoebiasis, conserved biosystemEntamoeba histolytica, an extracellular protozoan parasite is a human pathogen that invades the intestinal epithelium. Infection occurs on ingestion of contaminated water and food. The pathogenesis o...
    • Arginine and proline metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Arginine and proline metabolism, organism-specific biosystem
      Arginine and proline metabolism
    • Arginine and proline metabolism, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Arginine and proline metabolism, conserved biosystem
      Arginine and proline metabolism
    • Calcium signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Calcium signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemCa2+ that enters the cell from the outside is a principal source of signal Ca2+. Entry of Ca2+ is driven by the presence of a large electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane. Cells use this...
    • Calcium signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Calcium signaling pathway, conserved biosystemCa2+ that enters the cell from the outside is a principal source of signal Ca2+. Entry of Ca2+ is driven by the presence of a large electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane. Cells use this...
    • Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), organism-specific biosystemTrypanosoma cruzi is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease. The parasite life cycle involves hematophagous reduviid bugs as vectors. Once parasites enter the host body, they ...
    • Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), conserved biosystemTrypanosoma cruzi is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease. The parasite life cycle involves hematophagous reduviid bugs as vectors. Once parasites enter the host body, they ...
    • HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network, organism-specific biosystem
      HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network
    • Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystemHemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhe...
    • IL12-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL12-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL12-mediated signaling events
    • IL23-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL23-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL23-mediated signaling events
    • Leishmaniasis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Leishmaniasis, organism-specific biosystemLeishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite of macrophages that causes visceral, mucosal, and cutaneous diseases. The parasite is transmitted to humans by sandflies, where they survive and prol...
    • Leishmaniasis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Leishmaniasis, conserved biosystemLeishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite of macrophages that causes visceral, mucosal, and cutaneous diseases. The parasite is transmitted to humans by sandflies, where they survive and prol...
    • Metabolic pathways, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Metabolic pathways, organism-specific biosystem
      Metabolic pathways
    • Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase, organism-specific biosystemNitric Oxide (NO) inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, and platelet aggregation and adhesion. It can stimulate vasodilatation of the endothe...
    • Pathways in cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Pathways in cancer, organism-specific biosystem
      Pathways in cancer
    • Peroxisome, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Peroxisome, organism-specific biosystemPeroxisomes are essential organelles that play a key role in redox signalling and lipid homeostasis. They contribute to many crucial metabolic processes such as fatty acid oxidation, biosynthesis of ...
    • Peroxisome, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Peroxisome, conserved biosystemPeroxisomes are essential organelles that play a key role in redox signalling and lipid homeostasis. They contribute to many crucial metabolic processes such as fatty acid oxidation, biosynthesis of ...
    • Pertussis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Pertussis, organism-specific biosystemPertussis, also known as whooping cough, is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by a bacteria called Bordetella Pertussis. The characteristic symptoms are paroxysmal cough, inspiratory whe...
    • Pertussis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Pertussis, conserved biosystemPertussis, also known as whooping cough, is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by a bacteria called Bordetella Pertussis. The characteristic symptoms are paroxysmal cough, inspiratory whe...
    • Platelet homeostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet homeostasis, organism-specific biosystemUnder normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhesion and activation, suppresses coagulation, enhances fibrin cleavage and is anti-inflammatory in charact...
    • Salmonella infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Salmonella infection, organism-specific biosystemSalmonella infection usually presents as a self-limiting gastroenteritis or the more severe typhoid fever and bacteremia. The common disease-causing Salmonella species in human is a single species, S...
    • Salmonella infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Salmonella infection, conserved biosystemSalmonella infection usually presents as a self-limiting gastroenteritis or the more severe typhoid fever and bacteremia. The common disease-causing Salmonella species in human is a single species, S...
    • Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta, organism-specific biosystem
      Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta
    • Small cell lung cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Small cell lung cancer, organism-specific biosystemLung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among men and women in industrialized countries. Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm, which accounts for approximately 25% ...
    • Small cell lung cancer, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Small cell lung cancer, conserved biosystemLung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among men and women in industrialized countries. Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm, which accounts for approximately 25% ...
    • Toxoplasmosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toxoplasmosis, organism-specific biosystemToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is prevalent worldwide. The tachyzoite form acquired by oral ingestion downmodulates proinflammatory signaling pathways via various mechan...
    • Toxoplasmosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toxoplasmosis, conserved biosystemToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is prevalent worldwide. The tachyzoite form acquired by oral ingestion downmodulates proinflammatory signaling pathways via various mechan...
    • Tuberculosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tuberculosis, organism-specific biosystemTuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent...
    • Tuberculosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tuberculosis, conserved biosystemTuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent...
    • Type II interferon signaling (IFNG), organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Type II interferon signaling (IFNG), organism-specific biosystemAdapted from Raza et al. (2008). This pathway is initiated by IFNG binding to its receptor and a subsequent phosphorylation cascade involving a number of the JAK and STAT family of proteins. Several ...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    FMN binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    NADP binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    arginine binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    calmodulin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    flavin adenine dinucleotide binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    heme binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    nitric-oxide synthase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    oxidoreductase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein homodimerization activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    tetrahydrobiopterin binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    arginine catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    blood coagulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    cellular response to interferon-gamma IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cellular response to lipopolysaccharide IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    defense response to Gram-negative bacterium NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    defense response to bacterium IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    defense response to bacterium ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    innate immune response in mucosa NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    negative regulation of protein catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    nitric oxide biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    regulation of cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of cellular respiration TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    regulation of insulin secretion IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    response to hypoxia IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    superoxide metabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    cortical cytoskeleton IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    cytosol IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    intracellular IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    nitric oxide synthase, inducible
    Names
    nitric oxide synthase, inducible
    NOS type II
    NOS, type II
    inducible NOS
    hepatocyte NOS
    inducible NO synthase
    nitric oxide synthase, macrophage
    peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase NOS2
    nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes)
    NP_000616.3

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_011470.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..48764
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000625.4NP_000616.3  nitric oxide synthase, inducible

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC130289
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS11223.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35228
      Related
      ENSP00000327251, OTTHUMP00000163279, ENST00000313735, OTTHUMT00000255597
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00795
      Location:84496
      Blast Score: 2151
      NOS_oxygenase_euk; Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) eukaryotic oxygenase domain. NOS produces nitric oxide (NO) by catalyzing a five-electron heme-based oxidation of a guanidine nitrogen of L-arginine to L-citrulline via two successive monooxygenation reactions producing N ...
      COG0369
      Location:5381128
      Blast Score: 889
      CysJ; Sulfite reductase, alpha subunit (flavoprotein) [Inorganic ion transport and metabolism]
      cl06868
      Location:7361132
      Blast Score: 1544
      FNR_like; Ferredoxin reductase (FNR), an FAD and NAD(P) binding protein, was intially identified as a chloroplast reductase activity, catalyzing the electron transfer from reduced iron-sulfur protein ferredoxin to NADP+ as the final step in the electron transport ...
      cl00438
      Location:541672
      Blast Score: 272
      FMN_red; NADPH-dependent FMN reductase

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000017.10 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      26083792..26127555, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000149.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      22290738..22334499, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_153292.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_153292.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript and the protein.

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