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    LAMA4 laminin, alpha 4 [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 3910, updated on 19-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    LAMA4provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    laminin, alpha 4provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:6484
    Locus tag
    RP1-142L7.4
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000112769; HPRD:02532; MIM:600133; Vega:OTTHUMG00000015386
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    LAMA3; LAMA4*-1; DKFZp686D23145
    Summary
    Laminins, a family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins, are the major noncollagenous constituent of basement membranes. They have been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes including cell adhesion, differentiation, migration, signaling, neurite outgrowth and metastasis. Laminins are composed of 3 non identical chains: laminin alpha, beta and gamma (formerly A, B1, and B2, respectively) and they form a cruciform structure consisting of 3 short arms, each formed by a different chain, and a long arm composed of all 3 chains. Each laminin chain is a multidomain protein encoded by a distinct gene. Several isoforms of each chain have been described. Different alpha, beta and gamma chain isomers combine to give rise to different heterotrimeric laminin isoforms which are designated by Arabic numerals in the order of their discovery, i.e. alpha1beta1gamma1 heterotrimer is laminin 1. The biological functions of the different chains and trimer molecules are largely unknown, but some of the chains have been shown to differ with respect to their tissue distribution, presumably reflecting diverse functions in vivo. This gene encodes the alpha chain isoform laminin, alpha 4. The domain structure of alpha 4 is similar to that of alpha 3, both of which resemble truncated versions of alpha 1 and alpha 2, in that approximately 1,200 residues at the N-terminus (domains IV, V and VI) have been lost. Laminin, alpha 4 contains the C-terminal G domain which distinguishes all alpha chains from the beta and gamma chains. The RNA analysis from adult and fetal tissues revealed developmental regulation of expression, however, the exact function of laminin, alpha 4 is not known. Tissue-specific utilization of alternative polyA-signal has been described in literature. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    6q21
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 6; NC_000006.11 (112429134..112575828, complement)
    See LAMA4 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 3 Neighboring gene tubulin, epsilon 1 Neighboring gene chromosome 6 open reading frame 225 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100506408 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100506430 Neighboring gene PIN2/TERF1 interacting, telomerase inhibitor 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene ret finger protein-like 4B

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 inhibits CD3-triggered T cell co-stimulation by the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which includes laminins PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env HIV-1 gp41 inhibits CD3-triggered T cell co-stimulation by the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which includes laminins PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of extracellular matrix proteins, including the major basement membrane protein laminin PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    Q16363 Activating transcription factor 7 interacting protein ATF7IP    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 Bromodomain containing 7 BRD7    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 Q7L5N1 COPS6    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 P68104 EEF1A1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 P04406 GAPDH    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 Q5T3J3 LRIF1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 Q9Y3C7 MED31    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 P21246 PTN    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 P04637 TP53    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 Q8IWV7 UBR1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 Q13432 UNC119    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q16363 Q9UKY1 ZHX1    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:106821 APC    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:118883 BRD7    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:116176 COPS6    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:108237 EEF1A1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:108868 GAPDH    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:120905 LRIF1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:119211 MED31    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:111731 PTN    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:113010 TP53    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:113131 TUBB2A    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:128238 UBR1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:114548 UNC119    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:110104 BioGRID:116406 ZHX1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • African trypanosomiasis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      African trypanosomiasis, organism-specific biosystemTrypanosoma brucei, the parasite responsible for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), are spread by the tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa. The parasites are able to pass through the blood-brai...
    • African trypanosomiasis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      African trypanosomiasis, conserved biosystemTrypanosoma brucei, the parasite responsible for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), are spread by the tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa. The parasites are able to pass through the blood-brai...
    • Amoebiasis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Amoebiasis, organism-specific biosystemEntamoeba histolytica, an extracellular protozoan parasite is a human pathogen that invades the intestinal epithelium. Infection occurs on ingestion of contaminated water and food. The pathogenesis o...
    • Amoebiasis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Amoebiasis, conserved biosystemEntamoeba histolytica, an extracellular protozoan parasite is a human pathogen that invades the intestinal epithelium. Infection occurs on ingestion of contaminated water and food. The pathogenesis o...
    • ECM-receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      ECM-receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystemThe extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of a complex mixture of structural and functional macromolecules and serves an important role in tissue and organ morphogenesis and in the maintenance of cell ...
    • ECM-receptor interaction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      ECM-receptor interaction, conserved biosystemThe extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of a complex mixture of structural and functional macromolecules and serves an important role in tissue and organ morphogenesis and in the maintenance of cell ...
    • FOXM1 transcription factor network, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      FOXM1 transcription factor network, organism-specific biosystem
      FOXM1 transcription factor network
    • Focal Adhesion, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Focal Adhesion, organism-specific biosystemCell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the...
    • Focal adhesion, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Focal adhesion, organism-specific biosystemCell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the...
    • Focal adhesion, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Focal adhesion, conserved biosystemCell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the...
    • Pathways in cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Pathways in cancer, organism-specific biosystem
      Pathways in cancer
    • Small cell lung cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Small cell lung cancer, organism-specific biosystemLung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among men and women in industrialized countries. Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm, which accounts for approximately 25% ...
    • Small cell lung cancer, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Small cell lung cancer, conserved biosystemLung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among men and women in industrialized countries. Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm, which accounts for approximately 25% ...
    • Toxoplasmosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toxoplasmosis, organism-specific biosystemToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is prevalent worldwide. The tachyzoite form acquired by oral ingestion downmodulates proinflammatory signaling pathways via various mechan...
    • Toxoplasmosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toxoplasmosis, conserved biosystemToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is prevalent worldwide. The tachyzoite form acquired by oral ingestion downmodulates proinflammatory signaling pathways via various mechan...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    extracellular matrix structural constituent TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    receptor binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    blood vessel development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    brown fat cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of cell adhesion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of cell migration IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of embryonic development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    basal lamina IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    basement membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    colocalizes_with extracellular matrix ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    laminin-1 complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    laminin subunit alpha-4
    Names
    laminin subunit alpha-4
    laminin alpha 4 chain

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_008209.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..151695
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001105206.2NP_001098676.2  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 1 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB210027, BP234809, Z99289
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43491.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q16363
      Related
      ENSP00000230538, OTTHUMP00000017039, ENST00000230538, OTTHUMT00000041876
      Conserved Domains (6) summary
      cd00055
      Location:187238
      Blast Score: 165
      EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
      cd00110
      Location:14891624
      Blast Score: 325
      LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
      cd00176
      Location:339535
      Blast Score: 104
      SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
      PRK04863
      Location:440821
      Blast Score: 112
      mukB; cell division protein MukB; Provisional
      pfam06008
      Location:308555
      Blast Score: 701
      Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
      pfam06009
      Location:734861
      Blast Score: 339
      Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
    2. NM_001105207.2NP_001098677.2  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses alternate splice sites in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB210027, BC066552, BP234809, Z99289
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS34514.1
      Related
      ENSP00000429488, OTTHUMP00000226932, ENST00000522006, OTTHUMT00000379163
      Conserved Domains (6) summary
      cd00055
      Location:187238
      Blast Score: 166
      EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
      cd00110
      Location:14821617
      Blast Score: 325
      LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
      cd00176
      Location:332528
      Blast Score: 104
      SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
      PRK04863
      Location:433814
      Blast Score: 112
      mukB; cell division protein MukB; Provisional
      pfam06008
      Location:301548
      Blast Score: 700
      Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
      pfam06009
      Location:727854
      Blast Score: 339
      Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II
    3. NM_001105208.2NP_001098678.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 3 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) uses an alternate splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a protein (isoform 3) with a shorter, distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform (3).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC004241, BM014298, BM662226, BP234809
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43492.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q16363
      Related
      ENSP00000357627, OTTHUMP00000017043, ENST00000368638, OTTHUMT00000041880
    4. NM_001105209.2NP_001098679.1  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 3 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) uses alternate splice sites in the 5' UTR and coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a protein (isoform 3) with a shorter, distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 4 and 5 encode the same isoform (3).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC004241, BM662226, BP234809
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43492.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q16363
      Related
      ENSP00000398226, OTTHUMP00000226935, ENST00000453937, OTTHUMT00000379166
    5. NM_002290.4NP_002281.3  laminin subunit alpha-4 isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB210027, BP234809, X91171, Z99289
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS34514.1
      Related
      ENSP00000374114, OTTHUMP00000226933, ENST00000389463, OTTHUMT00000379164
      Conserved Domains (6) summary
      cd00055
      Location:187238
      Blast Score: 166
      EGF_Lam; Laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like domain; laminins are the major noncollagenous components of basement membranes that mediate cell adhesion, growth migration, and differentiation; the laminin-type epidermal growth factor-like module occurs in ...
      cd00110
      Location:14821617
      Blast Score: 325
      LamG; Laminin G domain; Laminin G-like domains are usually Ca++ mediated receptors that can have binding sites for steroids, beta1 integrins, heparin, sulfatides, fibulin-1, and alpha-dystroglycans. Proteins that contain LamG domains serve a variety of ...
      cd00176
      Location:332528
      Blast Score: 104
      SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
      PRK04863
      Location:433814
      Blast Score: 112
      mukB; cell division protein MukB; Provisional
      pfam06008
      Location:301548
      Blast Score: 700
      Laminin_I; Laminin Domain I
      pfam06009
      Location:727854
      Blast Score: 339
      Laminin_II; Laminin Domain II

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      112429134..112575828, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000138.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      110003995..110150643, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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