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    INSR insulin receptor [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 3643, updated on 19-May-2012
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    Summary

    Official Symbol
    INSRprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    insulin receptorprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:6091
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000171105; HPRD:00975; MIM:147670
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    HHF5; CD220
    Summary
    After removal of the precursor signal peptide, the insulin receptor precursor is post-translationally cleaved into two chains (alpha and beta) that are covalently linked. Binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (INSR) stimulates glucose uptake. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
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    Genomic context

    Location :
    19p13.3-p13.2
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 19; NC_000019.9 (7112266..7294011, complement)
    See INSR in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene methyl-CpG binding domain protein 3-like 3 Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 557 Neighboring gene Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 18 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100128573

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    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

    Go to reference sequence details
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    Bibliography

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Characterisation of adiponectin multimers and the IGF axis in humans with a heterozygote mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor gene. Højlund K, et al. Eur J Endocrinol, 2012 Mar. PMID 22189999.
    2. Altered insulin receptor signalling and β-cell cycle dynamics in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Folli F, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 22140505.
    3. Understanding the mechanism of insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor activation by IGF-II. Alvino CL, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 22140443.
    4. hnRNP A1 and hnRNP F modulate the alternative splicing of exon 11 of the insulin receptor gene. Talukdar I, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 22132154.
    5. Influence of placental mannose/n-acetyl glucosamine-binding proteins on the interaction of insulin and insulin-like growth factors with their receptors. Nedic O, et al. Biochemistry (Mosc), 2011 Sep. PMID 22082268.

    See all (431) citations in PubMed

    See citations in PubMed for homologs of this gene provided by HomoloGene

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    1. Despite tenfold elevated fasting insulin and marked insulin resistance in Arg1174Gln insulin receptor carriers, the levels of total adiponectin, leptin, IGFBP1 and IGFBP2 are similar to those observed in controls.
      Title: Characterisation of adiponectin multimers and the IGF axis in humans with a heterozygote mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor gene.
    2. These data provide evidence that human beta- and alpha-cells can enter the cell-cycle, but proliferation of beta-cells in type 2 diabetes mellitus fails due to G1-to-S phase arrest secondary to defective insulin signaling.
      Title: Altered insulin receptor signalling and β-cell cycle dynamics in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    3. This study has therefore lead to a greater understanding of the mechanisms of IGF-II binding and activation of the IGF-1R and IR-A.
      Title: Understanding the mechanism of insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor activation by IGF-II.
    4. These data point to a functional interaction between hnRNP F and SRSF1 as a mutant that eliminates SRSF1 binding to exon 11, or a SRSF1 knockdown, which prevents the stimulatory effect of hnRNP F over expression.
      Title: hnRNP A1 and hnRNP F modulate the alternative splicing of exon 11 of the insulin receptor gene.
    5. the mRNA levels of IR-B were significantly decreased in tumors. The IR-A:IR-B ratio was significantly higher in luminal B breast cancer than in luminal A.
      Title: Altered expression of insulin receptor isoforms in breast cancer.
    6. The placental lectins reduced the binding of insulin and to IR in a dose-dependent manner.
      Title: Influence of placental mannose/n-acetyl glucosamine-binding proteins on the interaction of insulin and insulin-like growth factors with their receptors.
    7. higher INSR-A and lower INSR-B contribute to higher proliferation and lower metabolic response. Thus, differential expression of INSR isoforms represents a potential biological link between breast cancer and diabetes.
      Title: Differential expression and signaling activation of insulin receptor isoforms A and B: A link between breast cancer and diabetes.
    8. Met stimulates hepatocyte glucose uptake through crosstalk with insulin receptor.
      Title: A hepatocyte growth factor receptor (Met)-insulin receptor hybrid governs hepatic glucose metabolism.
    9. Thus the results of the present study provide a structural insight into the mechanism of the regulation of insulin receptor binding by exon 11
      Title: Insight into the molecular basis for the kinetic differences between the two insulin receptor isoforms.
    10. A kinome-wide siRNA screen showed that the insulin receptor is required for growth of MCF-7 cells resistant to long-term estrogen deprivation.
      Title: A kinome-wide screen identifies the insulin/IGF-I receptor pathway as a mechanism of escape from hormone dependence in breast cancer.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (158)
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    Phenotypes

    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Diabetes mellitus, insulin-resistant, with acanthosis nigricans

    Genome-wide meta-analysis for severe diabetic retinopathy.

    Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 5

    Leprechaunism

    Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome

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    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    NC_000019.8 HMGA1    BIND  PubMed HMGA1 interacts with INSR locus. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_004374.1 CSK    BIND  PubMed CSK interacts with IR. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_001001550.1 GRB10    BIND  PubMed Grb10 interacts with IR. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_005535.1 IRS1    BIND  PubMed IRS-1 interacts with IR. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between rat IRS-1 and human IR. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_005535.1 IRS1    BIND  PubMed Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Binds to the Insulin Receptor. This interaction is modeled on demonstrated interaction between human IR and rat IRS-1 
    NP_000199.1 NP_003740.1 IRS2    BIND  PubMed Insulin Receptor Substrate-2 Binds to the Insulin Receptor. This interaction is modeled on demonstrated interaction between human IR and murine IRS-2. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_002218.1 JAK1    BIND  PubMed Phosphorylated IR-beta interacts with JAK-1. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_852664.1 PIK3R1    BIND  PubMed The insulin receptor (IR) interacts with p85-alpha. 
    NP_000199.1 PIK3R1    BIND  PubMed INSR (IR) interacts with PIK3R1. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between INSR and PIK3R1 from unspecified species. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_003020.2 SHC1    BIND  PubMed Tyrosine-phosphorylated IR interacts with Shc. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between human IR and Shc from an unspecified species. 
    NP_000199.1 NP_003736.1 SOCS1    BIND  PubMed Suppressors of cytokine signaling-1 associates with and inhibits the insulin receptor. 
    NP_000199.1 O14544 SOCS6    BIND  PubMed Suppressors of cytokine signaling-6 associates with and inhibits the insulin receptor. This interaction is modeled on demonstrated interaction between human IR and murine SOCS-6. 
    P06213 P24666 ACP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P07550 ADRB2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P02765 AHSG    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P84077 ARF1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q9UNA1 ARHGAP26    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Calmodulin 1 CALM1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Calmodulin 3 CALM3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P62158 CALM3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q03135 CAV1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P56539 CAV3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P22681 CBL    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P13688 CEACAM1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P46108 CRK    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P46109 CRKL    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P41240 CSK    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q99704 DOK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q8TEW6 DOK4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q9P104 DOK5    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P22413 ENPP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P15090 FABP4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q8WU20 FRS2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q13480 GAB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P63244 GNB2L1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q13322 GRB10    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q14449 GRB14    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q14451 GRB7    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P01112 HRAS    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P08069 IGF1R    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P01344 IGF2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P01308 INS    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P06213 INSR    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P14616 INSRR    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P35568 IRS1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q9Y4H2 IRS2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P23458 JAK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O60674 JAK2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q07666 KHDRBS1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Keratin 25C KRT27    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q13257 MAD2L1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P27361 MAPK3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P27986 PIK3R1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q92569 PIK3R3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P19174 PLCG1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P17252 PRKCA    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q05655 PRKCD    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q05397 PTK2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P18031 PTPN1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q06124 PTPN11    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q05209 PTPN12    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P17706 PTPN2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P29350 PTPN6    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P08575 PTPRC    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P10586 PTPRF    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P04049 RAF1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P20936 RASA1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 SH2 B homolog SH2B1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O14492 SH2B2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P29353 SHC1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q15796 SMAD2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q13596 SNX1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O60749 SNX2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O95219 SNX4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q9UNH7 SNX6    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O15524 SOCS1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O14508 SOCS2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O14543 SOCS3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O14544 SOCS6    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q9BX66 SORBS1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P12931 SRC    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P42229 STAT5A    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P51692 STAT5B    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 O60506 SYNCRIP    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P15498 VAV1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 Q9UKW4 VAV3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06213 P31946 YWHAB    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:106700 AHSG    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:107305 CAV1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:107832 CSK    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111193 ENPP1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:116031 FRS2    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109144 GRB10    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109145 GRB14    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109142 GRB2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109143 GRB7    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:248645 Grb14    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109501 HRAS    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109848 INPPL1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109856 INSRR    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109874 IRS1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:114209 IRS2    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:109920 JAK2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:115900 KHDRBS1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111580 MAPK1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111581 MAPK3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:207818 Mad2l1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111566 PRKCD    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111736 PTPN1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111745 PTPN11    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111742 PTPN6    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:111856 RASA1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:117455 SH2B1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:112361 SHC1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:110262 SMAD2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:112525 SNX1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:112526 SNX2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:114262 SNX4    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:121852 SNX6    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:114488 SOCS3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:115831 SORBS1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:115755 SYNCRIP    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:113252 VAV1    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109854 BioGRID:115715 VAV3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
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    General gene information

    Markers

    Genotypes

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Adherens junction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Adherens junction, organism-specific biosystemCell-cell adherens junctions (AJs), the most common type of intercellular adhesions, are important for maintaining tissue architecture and cell polarity and can limit cell movement and proliferation....
    • Adherens junction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Adherens junction, conserved biosystemCell-cell adherens junctions (AJs), the most common type of intercellular adhesions, are important for maintaining tissue architecture and cell polarity and can limit cell movement and proliferation....
    • Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, organism-specific biosystemSodium transport across the tight epithelia of Na+ reabsorbing tissues such as the distal part of the kidney nephron and colon is the major factor determining total-body Na+ levels, and thus, long-te...
    • Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, conserved biosystemSodium transport across the tight epithelia of Na+ reabsorbing tissues such as the distal part of the kidney nephron and colon is the major factor determining total-body Na+ levels, and thus, long-te...
    • IRS activation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      IRS activation, organism-specific biosystemUsing receptor mutagenesis studies it is known that IRS1 via its PTB domain binds to the insulin receptor at the juxtamembrane region at tyrosine 972. The interaction is further stabilized by the PH ...
    • IRS-mediated signalling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      IRS-mediated signalling, organism-specific biosystemRelease of phospho-IRS from the insulin receptor triggers a cascade of signalling events via PI3K, SOS, RAF and the MAP kinases.
    • IRS-related events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      IRS-related events, organism-specific biosystemIRS is one of the mediators of insulin signalling events. It is activated by phosphorylation and triggers a cascade of events involving PI3K, SOS, RAF and the MAP kinases. The proteins mentioned unde...
    • Insulin Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Insulin Pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      Insulin Pathway
    • Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Insulin Signaling, organism-specific biosystem
      Insulin Signaling
    • Insulin receptor recycling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Insulin receptor recycling, organism-specific biosystemTriggered by acidification of the endosome, insulin dissociates from the receptor and is degraded. The receptor is dephosphorylated and re-integrated into the plasma membrane, ready to be activated a...
    • Insulin receptor signalling cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Insulin receptor signalling cascade, organism-specific biosystemAutophosphorylation of the insulin receptor triggers a series of signalling events, mediated by SHC or IRS, and resulting in activation of the Ras/RAF and MAP kinase cascades. A second effect of the ...
    • Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Insulin signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
    • Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Insulin signaling pathway, conserved biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the r...
    • Insulin-mediated glucose transport, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Insulin-mediated glucose transport, organism-specific biosystem
      Insulin-mediated glucose transport
    • PI3K Cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PI3K Cascade, organism-specific biosystem
      PI3K Cascade
    • SHC activation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      SHC activation, organism-specific biosystemSHC interacts via its SH2 domain with the carboxyterminal phosphorylated tyrosines of the insulin receptor. As a result, SHC is tyrosine phosphorylated (Tyr317) by the insulin receptor, later falling...
    • SHC-related events, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      SHC-related events, organism-specific biosystemSHC is one of the mediators of insulin signalling events. It is activated by phosphorylation and triggers a cascade of events involving SOS, RAF and the MAP kinases.
    • Selenium Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Selenium Pathway, organism-specific biosystem
      Selenium Pathway
    • Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystemSignal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals elicit changes in cell state and activity. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment by binding ligands, such a...
    • Signal attenuation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signal attenuation, organism-specific biosystemNow with the complete receptor-ligand dissociation and subsequent degradation of insulin in the endosomal lumen, the endosomally associated protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) complete the receptor ...
    • Signaling by Insulin receptor, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by Insulin receptor, organism-specific biosystemInsulin binding to its receptor results in receptor autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues and the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (e.g. IRS and Shc) by the insulin receptor...
    • Signaling events mediated by PTP1B, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Signaling events mediated by PTP1B, organism-specific biosystem
      Signaling events mediated by PTP1B
    • Signaling events mediated by TCPTP, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Signaling events mediated by TCPTP, organism-specific biosystem
      Signaling events mediated by TCPTP
    • Type II diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type II diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystemInsulin resistance is strongly associated with type II diabetes. "Diabetogenic" factors including FFA, TNFalpha and cellular stress induce insulin resistance through inhibition of IRS1 functions. Ser...
    • Type II diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type II diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystemInsulin resistance is strongly associated with type II diabetes. "Diabetogenic" factors including FFA, TNFalpha and cellular stress induce insulin resistance through inhibition of IRS1 functions. Ser...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    ATP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    GTP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    PTB domain binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    SH2 domain binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    insulin binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin receptor substrate binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin-activated receptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin-like growth factor I binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin-like growth factor II binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin-like growth factor receptor binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    lipoic acid binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein complex binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    protein domain specific binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    protein phosphatase binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    protein tyrosine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein tyrosine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    protein tyrosine kinase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    receptor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    activation of MAPK activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    activation of protein kinase B activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    activation of protein kinase activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    carbohydrate metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cellular response to growth factor stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cellular response to insulin stimulus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    exocrine pancreas development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    fat cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    glucose homeostasis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    glucose homeostasis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    heart morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    insulin receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    male sex determination IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of gene expression IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of protein phosphorylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    negative regulation of transporter activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    organ morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    positive regulation of DNA replication IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of MAPK cascade IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of cell proliferation IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of cell proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of developmental growth IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of glucose import IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of glucose import NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    positive regulation of glycolysis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    positive regulation of mitosis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of phosphorylation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    positive regulation of respiratory burst IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein autophosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein autophosphorylation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein heterotetramerization IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    protein heterotetramerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    regulation of embryonic development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    response to activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to estradiol stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to ethanol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to glucocorticoid stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to glucose stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to hormone stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to insulin stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to manganese ion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to nutrient levels IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to testosterone stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to tumor necrosis factor IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    response to vitamin D IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    signal transduction by phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    transformation of host cell by virus IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    caveola IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    caveola IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cytosol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    endosome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    endosome membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    insulin receptor complex IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    integral to plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    microsome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    microsome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    plasma membrane IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    soluble fraction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    synapse IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Help top of page

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    insulin receptor
    Names
    insulin receptor
    IR
    NP_000199.2
    NP_001073285.1
    Help top of page

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_008852.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..186746
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000208.2 → NP_000199.2  insulin receptor isoform Long preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (Long).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC010606, AC125387, BC117172, M10051
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12176.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P06213
      Related
      ENSP00000303830, ENST00000302850
      Conserved Domains (6) summary
      cd00063
      Location:867 – 944
      Blast Score: 129
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      cd00064
      Location:234 – 281
      Blast Score: 122
      FU; Furin-like repeats. Cysteine rich region. Exact function of the domain is not known. Furin is a serine-kinase dependent proprotein processor. Other members of this family include endoproteases and cell surface receptors.
      cd05061
      Location:1016 – 1303
      Blast Score: 1614
      PTKc_InsR; Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Insulin Receptor
      pfam00757
      Location:179 – 340
      Blast Score: 538
      Furin-like; Furin-like cysteine rich region
      pfam01030
      Location:52 – 164
      Blast Score: 318
      Recep_L_domain; Receptor L domain
      pfam07714
      Location:1023 – 1290
      Blast Score: 1088
      Pkinase_Tyr; Protein tyrosine kinase

    2. NM_001079817.1 → NP_001073285.1  insulin receptor isoform Short preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (Short) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform Long.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC010606, AC125387, BC117172, M10051
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS42487.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P06213
      Related
      ENSP00000342838, ENST00000341500
      Conserved Domains (6) summary
      cd00063
      Location:855 – 932
      Blast Score: 129
      FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
      cd00064
      Location:234 – 281
      Blast Score: 122
      FU; Furin-like repeats. Cysteine rich region. Exact function of the domain is not known. Furin is a serine-kinase dependent proprotein processor. Other members of this family include endoproteases and cell surface receptors.
      cd05061
      Location:1004 – 1291
      Blast Score: 1614
      PTKc_InsR; Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Insulin Receptor
      pfam00757
      Location:179 – 340
      Blast Score: 537
      Furin-like; Furin-like cysteine rich region
      pfam01030
      Location:52 – 164
      Blast Score: 317
      Recep_L_domain; Receptor L domain
      pfam07714
      Location:1011 – 1278
      Blast Score: 1087
      Pkinase_Tyr; Protein tyrosine kinase

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.9 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      7112266..7294011, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000151.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      6846024..7028322, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Help top of page

    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AC010311.11 (17123..72171) None
    genomic AC010526.7 None
    genomic AC010606.7 None
    genomic AC125387.2 (3000..90673) None
    genomic CH471139.2 EAW69042.1
      EAW69043.1
      EAW69044.1
      EAW69045.1
      EAW69046.1
      EAW69047.1
    genomic DQ021481.1 AAY44085.1
    genomic DQ311687.1 ABC55359.1
    genomic DQ311689.1 ABC55361.1
    genomic DQ311690.1 ABC55362.1
    genomic DQ333191.1 ABC46548.1
    genomic DQ333192.1 ABC46549.1
    genomic DQ333193.1 ABC46550.1
    genomic DQ333194.1 ABC46551.1
    genomic DQ333195.1 ABC46552.1
    genomic DQ333196.1 ABC46553.1
    genomic EU331144.1 ABY54905.1
    genomic J03466.1 AAA59175.1
    genomic J05043.1 AAA59190.1
    genomic M27197.1 AAA86791.1
    genomic M29929.1 AAA59176.1
    genomic M29930.1 AAA59177.1
    genomic M32972.1 AAA59452.1
    genomic M76592.1 AAC37604.1
    genomic S76825.1 AAB33426.1
    mRNA AB208861.1 BAD92098.1
    mRNA AL365454.1 None
    mRNA BC047591.1 AAH47591.1
    mRNA BC117172.1 AAI17173.1
    mRNA M10051.1 AAA59174.1
    mRNA M24555.1 AAA59178.1
    mRNA X02160.1 CAA26096.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P06213.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P06213
    Q2MKN9 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2MKN9
    Q2MKP0 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2MKP0
    Q2MKP2 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2MKP2
    Q2PJC1 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2PJC1
    Q2PJC2 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2PJC2
    Q2PJC3 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2PJC3
    Q2PJC4 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2PJC4
    Q2PJC5 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q2PJC5
    Q4U0V1 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q4U0V1
    Q86WY9 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q86WY9
    Help top of page

    Additional Links

    Additional Links

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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