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    IL18 interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor) [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 3606, updated on 20-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    IL18provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor)provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:5986
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000150782; HPRD:02976; MIM:600953; Vega:OTTHUMG00000167006
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    IGIF; IL-18; IL-1g; IL1F4; MGC12320
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine that augments natural killer cell activity in spleen cells, and stimulates interferon gamma production in T-helper type I cells. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    11q22.2-q22.3
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 11; NC_000011.9 (112013976..112034840, complement)
    See IL18 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene chromosome 11 open reading frame 57 Neighboring gene translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 homolog B (yeast) Neighboring gene succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit D, integral membrane protein Neighboring gene potassium channel tetramerisation domain containing 9 pseudogene Neighboring gene testis expressed 12 Neighboring gene beta-carotene oxygenase 2

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    Q14116 P29466 CASP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14116 P42574 CASP3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14116 P49662 CASP4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14116 O95998 IL18BP    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14116 Q13478 IL18R1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14116 O95256 IL18RAP    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14116 Q9HB29 IL1RL2    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:109819 BioGRID:107284 CASP1    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:109819 BioGRID:107287 CASP4    BioGRID  PubMed Biochemical Activity 
    BioGRID:109819 BioGRID:115379 IL18BP    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109819 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • African trypanosomiasis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      African trypanosomiasis, organism-specific biosystemTrypanosoma brucei, the parasite responsible for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), are spread by the tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa. The parasites are able to pass through the blood-brai...
    • African trypanosomiasis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      African trypanosomiasis, conserved biosystemTrypanosoma brucei, the parasite responsible for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), are spread by the tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa. The parasites are able to pass through the blood-brai...
    • Cellular roles of Anthrax toxin, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Cellular roles of Anthrax toxin, organism-specific biosystem
      Cellular roles of Anthrax toxin
    • Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystemCytokines are small proteins that regulate and mediate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. They are secreted in response to immune stimuli, and usually act briefly, locally, at very low concen...
    • Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystemCytokines are soluble extracellular proteins or glycoproteins that are crucial intercellular regulators and mobilizers of cells engaged in innate as well as adaptive inflammatory host defenses, cell ...
    • Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, conserved biosystemCytokines are soluble extracellular proteins or glycoproteins that are crucial intercellular regulators and mobilizers of cells engaged in innate as well as adaptive inflammatory host defenses, cell ...
    • Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting foreign DNA from invading microbes or host cells and generating innate immune responses. DAI is the first identified s...
    • Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, conserved biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting foreign DNA from invading microbes or host cells and generating innate immune responses. DAI is the first identified s...
    • Hypertrophy Model, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Hypertrophy Model, organism-specific biosystem
      Hypertrophy Model
    • IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4, organism-specific biosystem
      IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4
    • IL12-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL12-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL12-mediated signaling events
    • IL23-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL23-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL23-mediated signaling events
    • IL27-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL27-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL27-mediated signaling events
    • Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
    • Influenza A, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Influenza A, organism-specific biosystemInfluenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Influenza A virus is responsible for both annual seasonal epidemics and periodic worldwide pandemics. Novel strains ...
    • Influenza A, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Influenza A, conserved biosystemInfluenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Influenza A virus is responsible for both annual seasonal epidemics and periodic worldwide pandemics. Novel strains ...
    • Interleukin-1 processing, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Interleukin-1 processing, organism-specific biosystemThe IL-1 family of cytokines that interact with the Type 1 IL-1R include IL-1 Alpha (IL1A), IL-1 Beta (IL1B) and the IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL1RAP). IL1RAP is synthesized with a signal pep...
    • Legionellosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Legionellosis, organism-specific biosystemLegionellosis is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila and other legionella species. Two distinct clinical and epidemiological syndromes are associated...
    • Legionellosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Legionellosis, conserved biosystemLegionellosis is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila and other legionella species. Two distinct clinical and epidemiological syndromes are associated...
    • Malaria, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Malaria, organism-specific biosystemPlasmodium protozoa are parasites that account for malaria infection. Sporozoite forms of the parasite are injected by mosquito bites under the skin and are carried to the liver where they develop in...
    • Malaria, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Malaria, conserved biosystemPlasmodium protozoa are parasites that account for malaria infection. Sporozoite forms of the parasite are injected by mosquito bites under the skin and are carried to the liver where they develop in...
    • NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting various pathogens and generating innate immune responses. The intracellular NOD-like receptor (NLR) family contains mo...
    • NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, conserved biosystemSpecific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting various pathogens and generating innate immune responses. The intracellular NOD-like receptor (NLR) family contains mo...
    • Rheumatoid arthritis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Rheumatoid arthritis, organism-specific biosystemRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling leading to progressive bone destruction. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune...
    • Rheumatoid arthritis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Rheumatoid arthritis, conserved biosystemRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling leading to progressive bone destruction. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune...
    • Salmonella infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Salmonella infection, organism-specific biosystemSalmonella infection usually presents as a self-limiting gastroenteritis or the more severe typhoid fever and bacteremia. The common disease-causing Salmonella species in human is a single species, S...
    • Salmonella infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Salmonella infection, conserved biosystemSalmonella infection usually presents as a self-limiting gastroenteritis or the more severe typhoid fever and bacteremia. The common disease-causing Salmonella species in human is a single species, S...
    • Signaling by Interleukins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signaling by Interleukins, organism-specific biosystemInterleukins are low molecular weight proteins that bind to cell surface receptors and act in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion. They were first identified as factors produced by leukocytes but a...
    • Tuberculosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tuberculosis, organism-specific biosystemTuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent...
    • Tuberculosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tuberculosis, conserved biosystemTuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    cytokine activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cytokine activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    MAPK cascade IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
     
    T-helper 1 type immune response IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    angiogenesis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    cell-cell signaling TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    cellular response to cAMP IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cellular response to hydrogen peroxide IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cellular response to interferon-gamma IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cellular response to mechanical stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cellular response to organic cyclic compound IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    cellular response to parathyroid hormone stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cellular response to tumor necrosis factor IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    chemokine biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    digestive tract morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    immune response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    inflammatory response IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    interferon-gamma biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    interleukin-13 biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    interleukin-2 biosynthetic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    lung development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    osteoblast differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of chemokine production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of gene expression IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    positive regulation of inflammatory response IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of interferon-gamma production IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of interleukin-17 production IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of interleukin-8 production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of male germ cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of neuron apoptosis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of superoxide anion generation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of tissue remodeling IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    positive regulation of vascular permeability IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of blood vessel remodeling IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of cell adhesion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    response to cold IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to hyperoxia IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to hypoxia IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to radiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    sleep ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    PubMed 
    type 2 immune response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    apical plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    extracellular space IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    interleukin-18
    Names
    interleukin-18
    IL-1 gamma
    iboctadekin
    interleukin-1 gamma
    IFN-gamma-inducing factor

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_028143.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..25867
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001243211.1NP_001230140.1  interleukin-18 isoform 2 proprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an in-frame coding exon compared to variant 1. This results in a shorter isoform (2) missing a 4 aa peptide compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AY266351, BC007461, BU633686
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q14116
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6WWJ7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00094
      Location:68181
      Blast Score: 303
      IL1; Interleukin-1 homologes; Cytokines with various biological functions. Interleukin 1 alpha and beta are also known as hematopoietin and catabolin. This family also contains interleukin-1 receptor antagonists (inhibitors).
    2. NM_001562.3NP_001553.1  interleukin-18 isoform 1 proprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant transcript, and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AY266351, BC007461, BU633686, D49950
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS44731.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q14116
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q6WWJ7
      Related
      ENSP00000280357, OTTHUMP00000234749, ENST00000280357, OTTHUMT00000392409
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00094
      Location:72185
      Blast Score: 303
      IL1; Interleukin-1 homologes; Cytokines with various biological functions. Interleukin 1 alpha and beta are also known as hematopoietin and catabolin. This family also contains interleukin-1 receptor antagonists (inhibitors).

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000011.9 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      112013976..112034840, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000143.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      107938097..107959011, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AB015961.1 None
    genomic AJ295724.1 CAC01436.1
    genomic AP002007.4 (160343..165864) None
    genomic AP002884.5 None
    genomic CH471065.1 EAW67184.1
      EAW67185.1
    mRNA AF077611.1 AAC27787.1
    mRNA AF380360.1 AAK57024.1
    mRNA AK311301.1 None
    mRNA AY044641.1 AAK95950.1
    mRNA AY266351.1 AAP92112.1
    mRNA BC007007.1 AAH07007.1
    mRNA BC007461.1 AAH07461.1
    mRNA BC015863.1 None
    mRNA BU633686.1 None
    mRNA CR541973.1 CAG46771.1
    mRNA CR542001.1 CAG46798.1
    mRNA D49950.1 BAA08706.1
    mRNA U90434.1 AAB50010.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q14116.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q14116
    Q6WWJ7 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q6WWJ7
    Q96KJ8 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q96KJ8
    Q9NQ49 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9NQ49

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