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    IL16 interleukin 16 [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 3603, updated on 11-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    IL16provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    interleukin 16provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:5980
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000172349; HPRD:04329; MIM:603035; Vega:OTTHUMG00000144186
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    LCF; NIL16; PRIL16; prIL-16; FLJ16806; FLJ42735; FLJ44234
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine that functions as a chemoattractant, a modulator of T cell activation, and an inhibitor of HIV replication. The signaling process of this cytokine is mediated by CD4. The product of this gene undergoes proteolytic processing, which is found to yield two functional proteins. The cytokine function is exclusively attributed to the secreted C-terminal peptide, while the N-terminal product may play a role in cell cycle control. Caspase 3 is reported to be involved in the proteolytic processing of this protein. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    15q26.3
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 15; NC_000015.9 (81489219..81605104)
    See IL16 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 15 - NC_000015.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member B-like Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC647020 Neighboring gene chromosome 15 open reading frame 26 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100506942 Neighboring gene StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain containing 5 Neighboring gene transmembrane channel-like 3 Neighboring gene protein (peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase) NIMA-interacting, 4 (parvulin) pseudogene

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env IL-16 induces rapid translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane in CD4+ cells; PKC inhibitors completely block IL-16-induced lymphocyte migration as well as the motile response induced by HIV-1 gp120 and anti-CD4 antibody binding to CD4 PubMed
    Tat tat Recombinant IL-16 inhibits HIV-1 Tat activation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    AAQ86961.1 NP_000824.1 GRIN2A    BIND  PubMed npro-IL-16 interacts with NR2A. 
    AAQ86961.1 NP_002472.1 PPP1R12B    BIND  PubMed npro-IL-16 interacts with MYPT2. 
    NP_004504.3 NP_002471.1 PPP1R12A    BIND  PubMed The PDZ2 domain of pro-IL-16 interacts with the carboxy terminal of MYPT1. 
    NP_004504.3 NP_002472.1 PPP1R12B    BIND  PubMed The PDZ2 domain of pro-IL-16 interacts with the carboxy terminal of MYPT2. 
    NP_004504.3 NP_060077.1 PPP1R12C    BIND  PubMed The PDZ2 domain of pro-IL-16 interacts with the carboxy terminal of MSB85. 
    Q14005 P42574 CASP3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P01730 CD4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P06493 CDK1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P68400 CSNK2A1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P19784 CSNK2A2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 DMRTB1 DMRTB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 O95967 EFEMP2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q12879 GRIN2A    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q13224 GRIN2B    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q14957 GRIN2C    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 O15399 GRIN2D    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q14005 IL16    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P22001 KCNA3    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q9NSA2 KCND1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q9NZV8 KCND2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P78508 KCNJ10    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q99712 KCNJ15    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P63252 KCNJ2    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 P48050 KCNJ4    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 O14974 PPP1R12A    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 O60237 PPP1R12B    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 12C PPP1R12C    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 O60232 SSSCA1    HPRD  PubMed  
    Q14005 Q8N6Y0 USHBP1    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:107358 CD4    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:122012 DMRTB1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:119026 EFEMP2    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109160 GRIN2A    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109161 GRIN2B    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109162 GRIN2C    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109163 GRIN2D    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:114368 HDAC3    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109544 HSPA8    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109816 IL16    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109953 KCND2    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109960 KCNJ1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109968 KCNJ10    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109974 KCNJ15    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109961 KCNJ2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:109963 KCNJ4    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:110742 PPP1R12A    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:110743 PPP1R12B    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:120144 PPP1R12C    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:115788 SSSCA1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:109816 BioGRID:123791 USHBP1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    cytokine activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    immune response TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    induction of positive chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    interspecies interaction between organisms IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    leukocyte chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    extracellular space IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    intracellular IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    pro-interleukin-16
    Names
    pro-interleukin-16
    prointerleukin 16
    neuronal interleukin 16
    lymphocyte chemoattractant factor

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029933.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..120886
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001172128.1NP_001165599.1  pro-interleukin-16 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) has multiple differences and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) is longer, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC103858, AK124725, AK131530
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS53966.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q14005
      Related
      ENSP00000378155, OTTHUMP00000185571, ENST00000394660, OTTHUMT00000291391
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00992
      Location:217292
      Blast Score: 199
      PDZ_signaling; PDZ domain found in a variety of Eumetazoan signaling molecules, often in tandem arrangements. May be responsible for specific protein-protein interactions, as most PDZ domains bind C-terminal polypeptides, and binding to internal (non-C-terminal) ...
    2. NM_004513.5NP_004504.3  pro-interleukin-16 isoform 1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC103858, DB141707, U82972
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS10317.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q14005
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9UME6
      Related
      ENSP00000378147, OTTHUMP00000190849, ENST00000394652, OTTHUMT00000303951
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00992
      Location:533616
      Blast Score: 152
      PDZ_signaling; PDZ domain found in a variety of Eumetazoan signaling molecules, often in tandem arrangements. May be responsible for specific protein-protein interactions, as most PDZ domains bind C-terminal polypeptides, and binding to internal (non-C-terminal) ...
    3. NM_172217.3NP_757366.2  pro-interleukin-16 isoform 2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and and 5' coding region and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is longer at the N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC103858, AK124725, AY324389
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS42069.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q14005
      Related
      ENSP00000302935, OTTHUMP00000190850, ENST00000302987, OTTHUMT00000303952
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00992
      Location:217292
      Blast Score: 199
      PDZ_signaling; PDZ domain found in a variety of Eumetazoan signaling molecules, often in tandem arrangements. May be responsible for specific protein-protein interactions, as most PDZ domains bind C-terminal polypeptides, and binding to internal (non-C-terminal) ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000015.9 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      81489219..81605104
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000147.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      58247361..58363403
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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