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    APOA4 apolipoprotein A-IV [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 337, updated on 11-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    APOA4provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    apolipoprotein A-IVprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:602
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000110244; HPRD:00130; MIM:107690; Vega:OTTHUMG00000046110
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    MGC142154; MGC142156
    Summary
    Apoliprotein (apo) A-IV gene contains 3 exons separated by two introns. A sequence polymorphism has been identified in the 3'UTR of the third exon. The primary translation product is a 396-residue preprotein which after proteolytic processing is secreted its primary site of synthesis, the intestine, in association with chylomicron particles. Although its precise function is not known, apo A-IV is a potent activator of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in vitro. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    11q23
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 11; NC_000011.9 (116691418..116694011, complement)
    See APOA4 in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 259 Neighboring gene apolipoprotein A-V Neighboring gene apolipoprotein C-III Neighboring gene apolipoprotein A-I

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    P06727 P06727 APOA4    HPRD  PubMed  
    P06727 P80108 GPLD1    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:106834 BioGRID:109083 GPLD1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Reconstituted Complex 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Amyloids, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Amyloids, organism-specific biosystemAmyloid is a term used to describe typically extracellular deposits of aggregated proteins, sometimes known as plaques. Abnormal accumulation of amyloid is amyloidosis, a term associated with disease...
    • Chylomicron-mediated lipid transport, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Chylomicron-mediated lipid transport, organism-specific biosystemChylomicrons transport triacylglycerol, phospholipid, and cholesterol derived from dietary lipid from the small intestine to other tissues of the body. Each chylomicron assembles around a single mole...
    • Disease, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Disease, organism-specific biosystemBiological processes are captured in Reactome by identifying the molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, small molecules) involved in them and describing the details of their interactions. From this molecular ...
    • Fat digestion and absorption, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Fat digestion and absorption, organism-specific biosystemFat is an important energy source from food. More than 95% of dietary fat is long-chain triacylglycerols (TAG), the remaining being phospholipids (4.5%) and sterols. In the small intestine lumen, die...
    • Fat digestion and absorption, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Fat digestion and absorption, conserved biosystemFat is an important energy source from food. More than 95% of dietary fat is long-chain triacylglycerols (TAG), the remaining being phospholipids (4.5%) and sterols. In the small intestine lumen, die...
    • Lipid digestion, mobilization, and transport, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Lipid digestion, mobilization, and transport, organism-specific biosystemProcesses annotated here include the digestion of dietary lipids, sterol uptake, the formation and turnover of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, and HDL), and the mobilization of fatty acids thr...
    • Lipoprotein metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Lipoprotein metabolism, organism-specific biosystemBecause of their hydrophobicity, lipids are found in the extracellular spaces of the human body primarily in the form of lipoprotein complexes. Chylomicrons form in the small intestine and transport ...
    • Metabolism, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Metabolism, organism-specific biosystemMetabolic processes in human cells generate energy through the oxidation of molecules consumed in the diet and mediate the synthesis of diverse essential molecules not taken in the diet as well as th...
    • Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, organism-specific biosystemLipids are hydrophobic but otherwise chemically diverse molecules that play a wide variety of roles in human biology. They include ketone bodies, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phospholipids and sphi...
    • Statin Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Statin Pathway, organism-specific biosystemStatins inhibit endogenous cholesterol production by competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an early rate-limiting step in...
    • Vitamin digestion and absorption, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Vitamin digestion and absorption, organism-specific biosystemVitamins are a diverse and chemically unrelated group of organic substances that share a common feature of being essential for normal health and well-being. They catalyze numerous biochemical reactio...
    • Vitamin digestion and absorption, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Vitamin digestion and absorption, conserved biosystemVitamins are a diverse and chemically unrelated group of organic substances that share a common feature of being essential for normal health and well-being. They catalyze numerous biochemical reactio...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    antioxidant activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    cholesterol transporter activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    copper ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    contributes_to eukaryotic cell surface binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    lipid binding IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    lipid transporter activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    phosphatidylcholine binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein homodimerization activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    cholesterol efflux IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    cholesterol homeostasis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    cholesterol metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    chylomicron assembly TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    chylomicron remodeling IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    PubMed 
    high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    PubMed 
    hydrogen peroxide catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    innate immune response in mucosa IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    leukocyte cell-cell adhesion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    lipid homeostasis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    lipid metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    lipid transport IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    lipid transport TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    lipoprotein metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    multicellular organismal lipid catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    negative regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle oxidation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    phosphatidylcholine metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    phospholipid efflux IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of cholesterol esterification IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein-lipid complex assembly IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    regulation of cholesterol transport IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    removal of superoxide radicals IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    response to lipid hydroperoxide IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    response to stilbenoid IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    reverse cholesterol transport IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    small molecule metabolic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    colocalizes_with cell surface IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    centrosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    chylomicron IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    endoplasmic reticulum lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    extracellular region NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    extracellular space IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    high-density lipoprotein particle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    very-low-density lipoprotein particle IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    apolipoprotein A-IV
    Names
    apolipoprotein A-IV
    apo-AIV
    apoA-IV
    apolipoprotein A4

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_012044.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..7594
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000482.3NP_000473.2  apolipoprotein A-IV precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AL531739, AP006216
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS31681.1
      Related
      ENSP00000350425, OTTHUMP00000043267, ENST00000357780, OTTHUMT00000106279
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam01442
      Location:60245
      Blast Score: 408
      Apolipoprotein; Apolipoprotein A1/A4/E domain
      pfam06386
      Location:171318
      Blast Score: 94
      GvpL_GvpF; Gas vesicle synthesis protein GvpL/GvpF

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000011.9 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      116691418..116694011, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000143.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      112623690..112626283, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AP006216.1 (109748..112341) None
    genomic AY422950.1 AAQ91809.1
    genomic AY555191.1 AAS68228.1
    genomic CH471065.1 EAW67271.1
    genomic J02758.1 AAA96731.1
    genomic M14642.1 AAA51745.1
    mRNA AL531739.3 None
    mRNA BC074764.2 AAH74764.1
    mRNA BC113594.1 AAI13595.1
    mRNA BC113596.1 AAI13597.1
    mRNA M10373.1 AAB59516.1
    mRNA M13654.1 AAA51744.1
    mRNA M14566.1 AAA51748.1
    mRNA X13629.1 CAA31955.1
    other-genetic HQ258218.1 ADR82972.1
    other-genetic HQ258399.1 ADR83153.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P06727.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P06727
    Q13784 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q13784

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