My NCBISign In

Display Settings:

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

    HLA-DRA major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 3122, updated on 19-May-2012
    Help top of page

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    HLA-DRAprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alphaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:4947
    Locus tag
    DASS-397D15.1
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000204287; HPRD:00833; MIM:142860; Vega:OTTHUMG00000031269
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    MLRW; HLA-DRA1; FLJ51114
    Summary
    HLA-DRA is one of the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and a beta chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Help top of page

    Genomic context

    Location :
    6p21.3
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 6; NC_000006.11 (32407619..32412823)
    See HLA-DRA in Epigenomics, MapViewer

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene chromosome 6 open reading frame 10 Neighboring gene heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene butyrophilin-like 2 (MHC class II associated) Neighboring gene major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 9 (pseudogene) Neighboring gene major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 5

    Help top of page

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

    Go to reference sequence details
    Helptop of page

    Bibliography

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Evidence for more than one Parkinson's disease-associated variant within the HLA region. Hill-Burns EM, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 22096524.
    2. Systematic and quantitative assessment of the ubiquitin-modified proteome. Kim W, et al. Mol Cell, 2011 Oct 21. PMID 21906983.
    3. Conformational analysis of the ΜΒΡ83-99 (Phe91) and ΜΒΡ83-99 (Tyr91) peptide analogues and study of their interactions with the HLA-DR2 and human TCR receptors by using molecular dynamics. Potamitis C, et al. J Comput Aided Mol Des, 2011 Sep. PMID 21898163.
    4. Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) is an important mediator of interferon-dependent and -independent HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB gene expression in colorectal cancers. Lee J, et al. Oncogene, 2012 Mar 8. PMID 21804607.
    5. Pathway-driven gene stability selection of two rheumatoid arthritis GWAS identifies and validates new susceptibility genes in receptor mediated signalling pathways. Eleftherohorinou H, et al. Hum Mol Genet, 2011 Sep 1. PMID 21653640.

    See all (177) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    1. small interfering RNA-mediated knock-down of AIM2 resulted in reduced expression of HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB and CIITA in IFN-gamma-treated cells
      Title: Absent in Melanoma 2 (AIM2) is an important mediator of interferon-dependent and -independent HLA-DRA and HLA-DRB gene expression in colorectal cancers.
    2. SNP1 is a Parkinson's disease-associated variant in HLA-DRA and is associated with HLA-DRA, DRB5 and DQA2 gene expression.
      Title: Evidence for more than one Parkinson's disease-associated variant within the HLA region.
    3. Molecular Dynamics simulations of the MuBetaRho 83-99 (Phe91) and MuBetaRho 83-99 (Tyr91) peptide analogues in complex with HLA-DR2 (DRA, DRB1*1501) and T-cell receptors were performed.
      Title: Conformational analysis of the ΜΒΡ83-99 (Phe91) and ΜΒΡ83-99 (Tyr91) peptide analogues and study of their interactions with the HLA-DR2 and human TCR receptors by using molecular dynamics.
    4. This study indicated that the association between rs3129882 and parkinson disease remains unclear and requires further study.
      Title: Human leukocyte antigen variation and Parkinson's disease.
    5. HLA-DR(+) endothelial cells regulate the local inflammatory allogeneic response, promoting either an IL-6/STAT-3-dependent Th17 response or a contact-CD54-dependent regulatory response according to the cytokine environment.
      Title: Human endothelial cells generate Th17 and regulatory T cells under inflammatory conditions.
    6. Upregulation of HLA-DRA is associated with acute pancreas allograft rejection.
      Title: Serial analysis of biomarkers of acute pancreas allograft rejection.
    7. The skeletal muscles of myasthenia gravis up regulation of MHC class @@.
      Title: Up-regulation of MHC class I and class II in the skeletal muscles of myasthenia gravis.
    8. Observational study and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Common genetic variation in the HLA region is associated with late-onset sporadic Parkinson's disease.
    9. Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study.
    10. predictive value of expression in diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia
      Title: Positive and negative predictive values of HLA-DR and CD34 in the diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia and other types of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent chromosomal translocations.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (35)
    Help top of page

    Phenotypes

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    A genome-wide association study of Hodgkin's lymphoma identifies new susceptibility loci at 2p16.1 (REL), 8q24.21 and 10p14 (GATA3).

    Common genetic variation in the HLA region is associated with late-onset sporadic Parkinson's disease.

    Genome-wide association and linkage identify modifier loci of lung disease severity in cystic fibrosis at 11p13 and 20q13.2.

    Genome-wide association study and meta-analysis find that over 40 loci affect risk of type 1 diabetes.

    Genome-wide association study for ulcerative colitis identifies risk loci at 7q22 and 22q13 (IL17REL).

    Genome-wide association study of determinants of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody titer in adults with rheumatoid arthritis.

    Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47.

    Meta-analysis of genome scans and replication identify CD6, IRF8 and TNFRSF1A as new multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci.

    Pathway-driven gene stability selection of two rheumatoid arthritis GWAS identifies and validates new susceptibility genes in receptor mediated signalling pathways.

    Risk alleles for multiple sclerosis identified by a genomewide study.

    Sequence variants in IL10, ARPC2 and multiple other loci contribute to ulcerative colitis susceptibility.

    Ulcerative colitis-risk loci on chromosomes 1p36 and 12q15 found by genome-wide association study.

    Variant of TYR and autoimmunity susceptibility loci in generalized vitiligo.

    Help top of page

    HIV-1 protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env CD4+ T cells infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 have significantly higher levels of activation-marker expression (e.g. CD25, CD71 and HLA-DR) than CD4+ T lymphocytes infected with CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 PubMed
    env HIV envelope protein gp120 can specifically inhibit CD4-dependent class II MHC-restricted T cell response to Ag PubMed
    env Genetic variability in HIV-1 gp120 affects its interactions with HLA-DR molecules and T cell receptor PubMed
    env Amino acid residues 42-49 in the V1 region of CD4 are involved in the interaction between HIV-1 gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env Processing of HIV-1 gp160 to gp120 and gp41 is necessary for the association of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins with class II MHC PubMed
    env Antibodies against cell surface molecules LFA-1, ICAM-1, HLA-DR, and CD28 inhibit the HIV-1 gp160-induced B cell differentiation response; gp160 also induces IL-6R and CD23 molecule expression on B cells PubMed
    Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env Soluble HIV-1 gp41 enhancement effects on MHC class I and II antigen expression can be inhibited by soluble gp41-binding proteins of 45, 49 and 62 kD from human B cells PubMed
    env Soluble HIV-1 gp41 can selectively enhance MHC class I and II expression on human B cells, but does not increase expression of other cell surface antigens such as CD21 and CD54 (ICAM-1) PubMed
    env A 43-amino-acid sequence between amino acids 708 and 750 in the HIV-1 gp41(TM) cytoplasmic tail is required for efficient incorporation of HLA class II proteins into virions PubMed
    Nef nef Expression of patient-derived HIV-1 nef alleles downregulates MHC-II cell surface expression in activated CD4+ T cells PubMed
    nef HIV-1 group N and group O Nef alleles only weakly downregulate CD4, CD28, and class I and II MHC molecules PubMed
    nef HIV-1 Nef expression inhibits MHC II presentation of viral antigens in infected antigen-presenting cells PubMed
    Pr55(Gag) gag Human Leukocyte Antigen DR (HLA-DR), Major Histocompatibility Complex class II molecules (MHC-II) induce a relocation of Gag to late endosomal/multivesicular bodies (LE/MVB) and increase the accumulation of viral particles assembling intracellularly PubMed
    gag HIV-1 Gag expression is able to induce HLA-DR cell-surface localization in H78-C10.0 cells PubMed
    gag In human macrophages, HIV-1 Gag proteins co-localize with MHC II (HLA-DR), CD63, and Lamp1 in MHC II compartments PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat downregulates expression of MHC class II genes in antigen-presenting cells (APC) by inhibiting the transactivator of MHC class II genes, CIITA PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates HLA-DR expression in monocyte-derived dendritic cells and T cells, thereby driving T cell-mediated immune responses and activation PubMed
    capsid gag HIV-1 Capsid (p24) inhibits interferon gamma induced increases in HLA-DR and cytochrome B heavy chain mRNA levels in the human monocyte-like cell line THP1 PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

    Help top of page

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    P01903 P08962 CD63    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 P04233 CD74    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 P27701 CD82    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 P28067 HLA-DMA    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 P28068 HLA-DMB    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 P01912 HLA-DRB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 P20039 HLA-DRB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 P02686 MBP    HPRD  PubMed  
    P01903 Huntingtin interacting protein C PRPF40B    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:106808 ANXA11    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:106971 ATP1B1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:107405 CD63    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:109935 CD82    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:109354 HLA-DMB    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:109552 HSP90AA1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:109558 HSP90AB1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:109544 HSPA8    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:110325 MBP    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:107369 MS4A1    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:111332 PKM2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:113164 UBC    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS; Affinity Capture-Western 
    BioGRID:109367 BioGRID:113363 YWHAE    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    Help top of page

    General gene information

    Markers

    Genotypes

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Adaptive Immune System, organism-specific biosystemAdaptive immunity refers to antigen-specific immune response efficiently involved in clearing the pathogens. The adaptive immune system is comprised of B and T lymphocytes that express receptors with...
    • Allograft rejection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Allograft rejection, organism-specific biosystemAllograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of anti...
    • Allograft rejection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Allograft rejection, conserved biosystemAllograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of anti...
    • Antigen processing and presentation, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Antigen processing and presentation, organism-specific biosystem
      Antigen processing and presentation
    • Antigen processing and presentation, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Antigen processing and presentation, conserved biosystem
      Antigen processing and presentation
    • Asthma, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Asthma, organism-specific biosystemAsthma is a complex syndrome with many clinical phenotypes in both adults and children. Its major characteristics include a variable degree of airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and ...
    • Asthma, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Asthma, conserved biosystemAsthma is a complex syndrome with many clinical phenotypes in both adults and children. Its major characteristics include a variable degree of airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and ...
    • Autoimmune thyroid disease, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Autoimmune thyroid disease, organism-specific biosystemThe classification of autoimmune throid disease (AITD) includes Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and its variants, Graves' disease (GD) and autoimmune atrophic thyroidi...
    • Autoimmune thyroid disease, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Autoimmune thyroid disease, conserved biosystemThe classification of autoimmune throid disease (AITD) includes Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and its variants, Graves' disease (GD) and autoimmune atrophic thyroidi...
    • CXCR4-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      CXCR4-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      CXCR4-mediated signaling events
    • Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), organism-specific biosystemCell adhesion molecules are (glyco)proteins expressed on the cell surface and play a critical role in a wide array of biologic processes that include hemostasis, the immune response, inflammation, em...
    • Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), conserved biosystemCell adhesion molecules are (glyco)proteins expressed on the cell surface and play a critical role in a wide array of biologic processes that include hemostasis, the immune response, inflammation, em...
    • Costimulation by the CD28 family, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Costimulation by the CD28 family, organism-specific biosystemOptimal activation of T-lymphocytes requires at least two signals. A primary one is delivered by the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex after antigen recognition and additional costimulatory signals are d...
    • Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Cytokine Signaling in Immune system, organism-specific biosystemCytokines are small proteins that regulate and mediate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis. They are secreted in response to immune stimuli, and usually act briefly, locally, at very low concen...
    • Cytokines and Inflammatory Response, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Cytokines and Inflammatory Response, organism-specific biosystemInflammation is a protective response to infection by the immune system that requires communication between different classes of immune cells to coordinate their actions. Acute inflammation is an imp...
    • Downstream TCR signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Downstream TCR signaling, organism-specific biosystemChanges in gene expression are required for the T cell to gain full proliferative competence and to produce effector cytokines. Three transcription factors in particular have been found to play a key...
    • Epstein-Barr virus infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Epstein-Barr virus infection, organism-specific biosystemEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that is associated with oncogenesis. EBV infection to primary human B lymphocytes leads to induction of EBV-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxi...
    • Epstein-Barr virus infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Epstein-Barr virus infection, conserved biosystemEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that is associated with oncogenesis. EBV infection to primary human B lymphocytes leads to induction of EBV-specific HLA-restricted cytotoxi...
    • Generation of second messenger molecules, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Generation of second messenger molecules, organism-specific biosystemIn addition to serving as a scaffold via auto-phosphorylation, ZAP-70 also phosphorylates a restricted set of substrates following TCR stimulation - including LAT and SLP-76. These substrates have be...
    • Graft-versus-host disease, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Graft-versus-host disease, organism-specific biosystemGraft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) where immunocompetent donor T cells attack the genetically disparate host cells....
    • Graft-versus-host disease, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Graft-versus-host disease, conserved biosystemGraft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a lethal complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) where immunocompetent donor T cells attack the genetically disparate host cells....
    • HTLV-I infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      HTLV-I infection, organism-specific biosystemHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a pathogenic retrovirus that is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). It is also strongly implicated in non-neoplastic chronic inflammato...
    • HTLV-I infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      HTLV-I infection, conserved biosystemHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a pathogenic retrovirus that is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). It is also strongly implicated in non-neoplastic chronic inflammato...
    • Hematopoietic cell lineage, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hematopoietic cell lineage, organism-specific biosystemBlood-cell development progresses from a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which can undergo either self-renewal or differentiation into a multilineage committed progenitor cell: a common lymphoid proge...
    • Hematopoietic cell lineage, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Hematopoietic cell lineage, conserved biosystemBlood-cell development progresses from a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), which can undergo either self-renewal or differentiation into a multilineage committed progenitor cell: a common lymphoid proge...
    • Herpes simplex infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Herpes simplex infection, organism-specific biosystemHerpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are very common worldwide, with the prevalence of HSV-1 reaching up to 80%-90%. Primary infection with HSV takes place in the mucosa, followed by the establishme...
    • Herpes simplex infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Herpes simplex infection, conserved biosystemHerpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are very common worldwide, with the prevalence of HSV-1 reaching up to 80%-90%. Primary infection with HSV takes place in the mucosa, followed by the establishme...
    • IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4, organism-specific biosystem
      IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4
    • IL12-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL12-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL12-mediated signaling events
    • Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
    • Influenza A, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Influenza A, organism-specific biosystemInfluenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Influenza A virus is responsible for both annual seasonal epidemics and periodic worldwide pandemics. Novel strains ...
    • Influenza A, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Influenza A, conserved biosystemInfluenza is a contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Influenza A virus is responsible for both annual seasonal epidemics and periodic worldwide pandemics. Novel strains ...
    • Interferon Signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Interferon Signaling, organism-specific biosystemInterferons (IFNs) are cytokines that play a central role in initiating immune responses, especially antiviral and antitumor effects. There are three types of IFNs:Type I (IFN-alpha, -beta and others...
    • Interferon gamma signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Interferon gamma signaling, organism-specific biosystemInterferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) belongs to the type II interferon family and is secreted by activated immune cells-primarily T and NK cells, but also B-cells and APC. INFG exerts its effect on cells by ...
    • Intestinal immune network for IgA production, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Intestinal immune network for IgA production, organism-specific biosystemThe intestine is the largest lymphoid tissue in the body. One striking feature of intestinal immunity is its ability to generate great amounts of noninflammatory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies tha...
    • Intestinal immune network for IgA production, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Intestinal immune network for IgA production, conserved biosystemThe intestine is the largest lymphoid tissue in the body. One striking feature of intestinal immunity is its ability to generate great amounts of noninflammatory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies tha...
    • Leishmaniasis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Leishmaniasis, organism-specific biosystemLeishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite of macrophages that causes visceral, mucosal, and cutaneous diseases. The parasite is transmitted to humans by sandflies, where they survive and prol...
    • Leishmaniasis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Leishmaniasis, conserved biosystemLeishmania is an intracellular protozoan parasite of macrophages that causes visceral, mucosal, and cutaneous diseases. The parasite is transmitted to humans by sandflies, where they survive and prol...
    • PD-1 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      PD-1 signaling, organism-specific biosystemThe Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is one of the negative regulators of TCR signaling. PD-1 may exert its effects on cell differentiation and survival directly by inhibiting early activation ...
    • Phagosome, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Phagosome, organism-specific biosystemPhagocytosis is the process of taking in relatively large particles by a cell, and is a central mechanism in the tissue remodeling, inflammation, and defense against infectious agents. A phagosome is...
    • Phagosome, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Phagosome, conserved biosystemPhagocytosis is the process of taking in relatively large particles by a cell, and is a central mechanism in the tissue remodeling, inflammation, and defense against infectious agents. A phagosome is...
    • Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Phosphorylation of CD3 and TCR zeta chains, organism-specific biosystemPrior to T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, CD4/CD8 associated Lck remains seperated from the TCR and is maintained in an inactive state by the action of Csk. Csk phosphorylates the negative regulato...
    • Rheumatoid arthritis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Rheumatoid arthritis, organism-specific biosystemRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling leading to progressive bone destruction. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune...
    • Rheumatoid arthritis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Rheumatoid arthritis, conserved biosystemRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease where persistent inflammation affects bone remodeling leading to progressive bone destruction. In RA, abnormal activation of the immune...
    • Staphylococcus aureus infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Staphylococcus aureus infection, organism-specific biosystemStaphylococcus aureus can cause multiple forms of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to food poisoning and life-threatening infections. The organism has several ways to divert the ef...
    • Staphylococcus aureus infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Staphylococcus aureus infection, conserved biosystemStaphylococcus aureus can cause multiple forms of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to food poisoning and life-threatening infections. The organism has several ways to divert the ef...
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Systemic lupus erythematosus, organism-specific biosystemSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterised by the production of IgG autoantibodies that are specific for self-antigens, such as DNA, nuclear proteins and cert...
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Systemic lupus erythematosus, conserved biosystemSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterised by the production of IgG autoantibodies that are specific for self-antigens, such as DNA, nuclear proteins and cert...
    • TCR signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      TCR signaling, organism-specific biosystemThe TCR is a multisubunit complex that consists of clonotypic alpha/beta chains noncovalently associated with the invariant CD3 delta/epsilon/gamma and TCR zeta chains. T cell activation by antigen p...
    • TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells, organism-specific biosystem
      TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells
    • Toxoplasmosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toxoplasmosis, organism-specific biosystemToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is prevalent worldwide. The tachyzoite form acquired by oral ingestion downmodulates proinflammatory signaling pathways via various mechan...
    • Toxoplasmosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Toxoplasmosis, conserved biosystemToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that is prevalent worldwide. The tachyzoite form acquired by oral ingestion downmodulates proinflammatory signaling pathways via various mechan...
    • Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Translocation of ZAP-70 to Immunological synapse, organism-specific biosystemThe dual phosphorylated ITAMs recruit Syk kinase ZAP-70 via their tandem SH2 domains (step 4). ZAP-70 subsequently undergoes phosphorylation on multiple tyrosine residues for further activation. ZAP-...
    • Tuberculosis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tuberculosis, organism-specific biosystemTuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent...
    • Tuberculosis, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Tuberculosis, conserved biosystemTuberculosis, or TB, is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. One third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. About 90% of those infected result in latent...
    • Type I diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type I diabetes mellitus, organism-specific biosystemType I diabetes mellitus is a disease that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. Certain beta-cell proteins act as autoantigens after being processed by antigen-pre...
    • Type I diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Type I diabetes mellitus, conserved biosystemType I diabetes mellitus is a disease that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. Certain beta-cell proteins act as autoantigens after being processed by antigen-pre...
    • Viral myocarditis, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Viral myocarditis, organism-specific biosystemMyocarditis is a cardiac disease associated with inflammation and injury of the myocardium. It results from various etiologies, both noninfectious and infectious, but coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is stil...

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    MHC class II receptor activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    T cell costimulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    T cell receptor signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    cytokine-mediated signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    immune response NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    Golgi apparatus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    MHC class II protein complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    endoplasmic reticulum IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    endoplasmic reticulum membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    endosome IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    integral to membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    integral to plasma membrane NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    late endosome membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    lysosomal membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    lysosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    Help top of page

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain
    Names
    HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain
    MHC class II antigen DRA
    MHC cell surface glycoprotein
    histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR alpha
    Help top of page

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_002392.2 Reference

      Range
      4179..9346
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_019111.4 → NP_061984.2  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      BC032350, BC071659, BG548634, BM849755
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS4750.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P01903
      Related
      ENSP00000378786, OTTHUMP00000029406, ENST00000395388, OTTHUMT00000076586
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd05767
      Location:111 – 204
      Blast Score: 433
      IgC_MHC_II_alpha; Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alpha chain immunoglobulin domain
      cl03058
      Location:29 – 109
      Blast Score: 311
      MHC_II_alpha; Class II histocompatibility antigen, alpha domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000006.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      32407619..32412823
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_2

    Genomic

    1. NT_113891.2 Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_2

      Range
      3878074..3883241
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_3

    Genomic

    1. NT_167245.1 Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_3

      Range
      3685732..3690942
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_4

    Genomic

    1. NT_167246.1 Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_4

      Range
      3749679..3754890
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_5

    Genomic

    1. NT_167247.1 Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_5

      Range
      3786393..3791603
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_6

    Genomic

    1. NT_167248.1 Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_6

      Range
      3668487..3673697
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_7

    Genomic

    1. NT_167249.1 Reference GRCh37.p5 ALT_REF_LOCI_7

      Range
      3754283..3759493
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000138.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      32160529..32165737
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Help top of page

    Related Sequences

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    genomic AF481359.1 AAO23887.1
    genomic AL662796.6 (115210..120414) None
    genomic AL670296.7 (114650..119817) None
    genomic AL935032.13 CAI18476.1
      CAI18477.1
    genomic BX120007.9 CAM26203.1
      CAM26204.1
    genomic CH471081.1 EAX03629.1
      EAX03630.1
      EAX03631.1
    genomic CR354545.5 (8351..13534) None
    genomic CR753634.3 (37647..42829) None
    genomic CR759779.6 (11919..17101) None
    genomic J00201.1 AAA36301.1
    genomic J00203.1 AAA36302.1
    genomic J00204.1 AAA36302.1
    genomic V00524.1 CAA23783.1
    genomic X00274.1 CAA25076.1
    genomic Z84814.1 CAB06609.1
    mRNA AI492718.1 None
    mRNA AK297032.1 BAG59560.1
    mRNA AK301134.1 BAG62726.1
    mRNA AK301190.1 BAH13427.1
    mRNA AK301354.1 BAG62899.1
    mRNA AK310161.1 None
    mRNA AK313123.1 BAG35943.1
    mRNA BC032350.1 AAH32350.1
    mRNA BC071659.1 AAH71659.1
    mRNA BG548634.1 None
    mRNA BM849755.1 None
    mRNA CR457013.1 CAG33294.1
    mRNA J00193.1 AAA36272.1
    mRNA J00194.1 AAA36275.1
    mRNA J00195.1 None
    mRNA J00197.1 None
    mRNA K01171.1 AAA59785.1
    mRNA M35979.1 AAA36283.1
    mRNA M60333.1 AAA59787.1
    mRNA M60334.1 AAA59783.1
    mRNA V00523.1 CAA23782.1
    mRNA V00528.1 CAA23787.1
    other-genetic DQ891595.2 ABM82521.1
    other-genetic DQ894789.2 ABM85715.1
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    O19670 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:O19670
    O19716 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:O19716
    O19720 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:O19720
    P01903.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P01903
    Q29868 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q29868
    Q30118 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q30118
    Q59GE3 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q59GE3
    Q5SP06 GenPept UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q5SP06
    Help top of page

    Additional Links

    Additional Links

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Medical
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Miscellaneous

      Supplemental Content

      Table of contents

      Links

      Links to other resources

      General information

      Related sites

      Feedback

      Subscription

      Recent activity

      Clear Turn Off Turn On

      Your browsing activity is empty.

      Activity recording is turned off.

      Turn recording back on

      See more...