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    HGF hepatocyte growth factor (hepapoietin A; scatter factor) [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 3082, updated on 22-May-2013
    Official Symbol
    HGFprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    hepatocyte growth factor (hepapoietin A; scatter factor)provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:4893
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000019991; HPRD:00799; MIM:142409; Vega:OTTHUMG00000023804
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    SF; HGFB; HPTA; F-TCF; DFNB39
    Summary
    Hepatocyte growth factor regulates cell growth, cell motility, and morphogenesis by activating a tyrosine kinase signaling cascade after binding to the proto-oncogenic c-Met receptor. Hepatocyte growth factor is secreted by mesenchymal cells and acts as a multi-functional cytokine on cells of mainly epithelial origin. Its ability to stimulate mitogenesis, cell motility, and matrix invasion gives it a central role in angiogenesis, tumorogenesis, and tissue regeneration. It is secreted as a single inactive polypeptide and is cleaved by serine proteases into a 69-kDa alpha-chain and 34-kDa beta-chain. A disulfide bond between the alpha and beta chains produces the active, heterodimeric molecule. The protein belongs to the plasminogen subfamily of S1 peptidases but has no detectable protease activity. Alternative splicing of this gene produces multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Location :
    7q21.1
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 7; NC_000007.13 (81331444..81399452, complement)

    Chromosome 7 - NC_000007.13Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E pseudogene Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100128317 Neighboring gene calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 1 Neighboring gene methylene tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 pseudogene

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    Deafness, autosomal recessive 39

    Summary from GeneReviews: Deafness and Hereditary Hearing Loss Overview Go to GeneReviews

    Disease Characteristics
    Hereditary hearing loss and deafness may be conductive, sensorineural, or a combination of both; syndromic (associated with malformations of the external ear or other organs or with medical problems involving other organ systems) or nonsyndromic (no associated visible abnormalities of the external ear or any related medical problems); and prelingual (before language develops) or postlingual (after language develops).
    Diagnosis Testing
    Genetic forms of hearing loss must be distinguished from acquired (non-genetic) causes of hearing loss. The genetic forms of hearing loss are diagnosed by otologic, audiologic, and physical examination, family history, ancillary testing (e.g., CT examination of the temporal bone), and molecular genetic testing. Molecular genetic testing, available in clinical laboratories for many types of syndromic and nonsyndromic deafness, plays a prominent role in diagnosis and genetic counseling.
    Genetic Counseling
    Hereditary hearing loss can be inherited in an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked recessive manner, as well as by mitochondrial inheritance. Genetic counseling and risk assessment depend on accurate determination of the specific genetic diagnosis. In the absence of a specific diagnosis, empiric recurrence risk figures, coupled with GJB2 and GJB6 molecular genetic testing results, can be used for genetic counseling.
    References
    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Scatter factor (SF) attenuates the apoptosis induced by high-doses of HIV-1 gp120 in human mesangial cells (HMC) PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    NP_000592.3 NP_000236.2 MET    BIND  PubMed HGF interacts with Met. 
    NP_000592.3     BIND  PubMed HGF interacts with Copper(II). 
    P14210 P05452 CLEC3B    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P03951 F11    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P02751 FN1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P14210 HGF    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 Q04756 HGFAC    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P05981 HPN    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P03952 KLKB1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P80188 LCN2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P08581 MET    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P00749 PLAU    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P18827 SDC1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P34741 SDC2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 Q9Y5Y6 ST14    HPRD  PubMed  
    P14210 P04004 VTN    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:109330 BioGRID:112978 CLEC3B    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109330 BioGRID:119613 HDAC7    BioGRID  PubMed Negative Genetic 
    BioGRID:109330 BioGRID:109330 HGF    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:109330 BioGRID:115114 KIAA0101    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:109330 BioGRID:110391 MET    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-Western; Biochemical Activity; Reconstituted Complex 
    NP_003864.2 NRP1    BIND  PubMed NRP1 (Npn-1) interacts with HGF. This interaction was modeled on a demonstrated interaction between rat NRP1 and human HGF. 
    BioGRID:109330 BioGRID:112284 SDC1    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:109330 BioGRID:112285 SDC2    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    • Arf6 signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
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    • Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, organism-specific biosystemCytokines are soluble extracellular proteins or glycoproteins that are crucial intercellular regulators and mobilizers of cells engaged in innate as well as adaptive inflammatory host defenses, cell ...
    • Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
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    • Direct p53 effectors, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Direct p53 effectors, organism-specific biosystem
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    • FGF signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      FGF signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem
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    • Focal Adhesion, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Focal Adhesion, organism-specific biosystemCell-matrix adhesions play essential roles in important biological processes including cell motility, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, regulation of gene expression and cell survival. At the...
    • Focal adhesion, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
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    • Focal adhesion, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
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    • Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystemHemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhe...
    • Immune System, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Immune System, organism-specific biosystemHumans are exposed to millions of potential pathogens daily, through contact, ingestion, and inhalation. Our ability to avoid infection depends on the adaptive immune system and during the first crit...
    • Interleukin-7 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Interleukin-7 signaling, organism-specific biosystemInterleukin-7 (IL7) is produced primarily by T zone fibroblastic reticular cells found in lymphoid organs, and also expressed by non-hematopoietic stromal cells present in other tissues including the...
    • Malaria, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Malaria, organism-specific biosystemPlasmodium protozoa are parasites that account for malaria infection. Sporozoite forms of the parasite are injected by mosquito bites under the skin and are carried to the liver where they develop in...
    • Malaria, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
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    • Melanoma, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
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    • PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway is activated by many types of cellular stimuli or toxic insults and regulates fundamental cellular functions such as transcription, tra...
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    • Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelet activation begins with the initial binding of adhesive ligands and of the excitatory platelet agonists (released or generated at the sites of vascular trauma) to cognate receptors on the pla...
    • Platelet degranulation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet degranulation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelets function as exocytotic cells, secreting a plethora of effector molecules at sites of vascular injury. Platelets contain a number of distinguishable storage granules including alpha granules...
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    • Proteoglycans in cancer, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
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    • Renal cell carcinoma, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Renal cell carcinoma, organism-specific biosystemRenal cell cancer (RCC) accounts for ~3% of human malignancies and its incidence appears to be rising. Although most cases of RCC seem to occur sporadically, an inherited predisposition to renal canc...
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    • Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
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    • Signaling events mediated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (c-Met), organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Signaling events mediated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (c-Met), organism-specific biosystem
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    • Signaling events mediated by TCPTP, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Signaling events mediated by TCPTP, organism-specific biosystem
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    • Signaling of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Signaling of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor, organism-specific biosystem
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    • Stabilization and expansion of the E-cadherin adherens junction, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Stabilization and expansion of the E-cadherin adherens junction, organism-specific biosystem
      Stabilization and expansion of the E-cadherin adherens junction
    • Syndecan-1-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    chemoattractant activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    growth factor activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
     
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein heterodimerization activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    NOT serine-type endopeptidase activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    activation of MAPK activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    blood coagulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    cell chemotaxis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    epithelial to mesenchymal transition TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    liver development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    mitosis NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    myoblast proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    negative regulation of apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    organ regeneration IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    platelet activation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    platelet degranulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    positive chemotaxis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    positive regulation of cell migration IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    NOT proteolysis NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    regulation of branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis by mesenchymal-epithelial signaling IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    extracellular space IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    platelet alpha granule lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    Preferred Names
    hepatocyte growth factor
    Names
    hepatocyte growth factor
    hepatopoeitin-A
    hepatopoietin-A
    lung fibroblast-derived mitogen
    fibroblast-derived tumor cytotoxic factor

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_016274.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..73009
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000601.4NP_000592.3  hepatocyte growth factor isoform 1 preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1). To date, experimental evidence for cleavage of the proprotein into two mature chains has been shown only for isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BM153501, BU533235, M29145, M73240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5597.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P14210
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00108
      Location:126207
      Blast Score: 306
      KR; Kringle domain; Kringle domains are believed to play a role in binding mediators, such as peptides, other proteins, membranes, or phospholipids. They are autonomous structural domains, found in a varying number of copies, in blood clotting and ...
      cd00129
      Location:39122
      Blast Score: 235
      PAN_APPLE; PAN/APPLE-like domain; present in N-terminal (N) domains of plasminogen/ hepatocyte growth factor proteins, plasma prekallikrein/coagulation factor XI and microneme antigen proteins, plant receptor-like protein kinases, and various nematode and leech ...
      cd00190
      Location:495719
      Blast Score: 508
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...
    2. NM_001010931.1NP_001010931.1  hepatocyte growth factor isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks multiple 3' exons but includes an alternate 3' exon, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Isoform 2, also named NK2, has been shown to act as a competitive antagonist to active hepatocyte growth factor for the c-Met receptor.
      Source sequence(s)
      BM971901, BU533235, L02931
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47627.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P14210
      Related
      ENSP00000389854, OTTHUMP00000206711, ENST00000444829, OTTHUMT00000337134
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00108
      Location:208289
      Blast Score: 301
      KR; Kringle domain; Kringle domains are believed to play a role in binding mediators, such as peptides, other proteins, membranes, or phospholipids. They are autonomous structural domains, found in a varying number of copies, in blood clotting and ...
      cd00129
      Location:39122
      Blast Score: 221
      PAN_APPLE; PAN/APPLE-like domain; present in N-terminal (N) domains of plasminogen/ hepatocyte growth factor proteins, plasma prekallikrein/coagulation factor XI and microneme antigen proteins, plant receptor-like protein kinases, and various nematode and leech ...
    3. NM_001010932.1NP_001010932.1  hepatocyte growth factor isoform 3 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an in-frame segment in the middle coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform 3 lacks an internal segment, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BM153501, BU533235, M73240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47626.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P14210
      Related
      ENSP00000391238, OTTHUMP00000206713, ENST00000457544, OTTHUMT00000337136
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00108
      Location:203284
      Blast Score: 304
      KR; Kringle domain; Kringle domains are believed to play a role in binding mediators, such as peptides, other proteins, membranes, or phospholipids. They are autonomous structural domains, found in a varying number of copies, in blood clotting and ...
      cd00129
      Location:39122
      Blast Score: 235
      PAN_APPLE; PAN/APPLE-like domain; present in N-terminal (N) domains of plasminogen/ hepatocyte growth factor proteins, plasma prekallikrein/coagulation factor XI and microneme antigen proteins, plant receptor-like protein kinases, and various nematode and leech ...
      cd00190
      Location:490714
      Blast Score: 508
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...
    4. NM_001010933.1NP_001010933.1  hepatocyte growth factor isoform 4 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an internal in-frame segment and multiple 3' exons but includes an alternate 3' exon, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 4) lacks an internal segment and has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC022308, BM971901, BU533235, L02931
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47628.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P14210
      Related
      ENSP00000408270, OTTHUMP00000206710, ENST00000453411, OTTHUMT00000337133
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00108
      Location:203284
      Blast Score: 300
      KR; Kringle domain; Kringle domains are believed to play a role in binding mediators, such as peptides, other proteins, membranes, or phospholipids. They are autonomous structural domains, found in a varying number of copies, in blood clotting and ...
      cd00129
      Location:39122
      Blast Score: 220
      PAN_APPLE; PAN/APPLE-like domain; present in N-terminal (N) domains of plasminogen/ hepatocyte growth factor proteins, plasma prekallikrein/coagulation factor XI and microneme antigen proteins, plant receptor-like protein kinases, and various nematode and leech ...
    5. NM_001010934.1NP_001010934.1  hepatocyte growth factor isoform 5 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks multiple 3' exons but has an alternate 3' segment, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 5) has a distinct and shorter C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC063485, BU533235, U46010
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47629.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P14210
      Related
      ENSP00000413829, OTTHUMP00000206712, ENST00000423064, OTTHUMT00000337135
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00108
      Location:126207
      Blast Score: 316
      KR; Kringle domain; Kringle domains are believed to play a role in binding mediators, such as peptides, other proteins, membranes, or phospholipids. They are autonomous structural domains, found in a varying number of copies, in blood clotting and ...
      cd00129
      Location:39122
      Blast Score: 219
      PAN_APPLE; PAN/APPLE-like domain; present in N-terminal (N) domains of plasminogen/ hepatocyte growth factor proteins, plasma prekallikrein/coagulation factor XI and microneme antigen proteins, plant receptor-like protein kinases, and various nematode and leech ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Homo sapiens Annotation Release 104

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p10 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000007.13 Reference GRCh37.p10 Primary Assembly

      Range
      81331444..81399452, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000139.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      75935402..76003191, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate CRA_TCAGchr7v2

    Genomic

    1. AC_000068.1 Alternate CRA_TCAGchr7v2

      Range
      80663506..80731238, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate CHM1_1.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_018918.1 Alternate CHM1_1.0

      Range
      84639539..84707267, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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