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    FGG fibrinogen gamma chain [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2266, updated on 11-May-2013
    Official Symbol
    FGGprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    fibrinogen gamma chainprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:3694
    Locus tag
    PRO2061
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000171557; HPRD:00621; MIM:134850; Vega:OTTHUMG00000150329
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is the gamma component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including dysfibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia and thrombophilia. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Location :
    4q28
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 4; NC_000004.11 (155525286..155533902, complement)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene fibrinogen beta chain Neighboring gene fibrinogen alpha chain Neighboring gene lecithin retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase) Neighboring gene RNA binding motif protein 46

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    P02679 P00488 F13A1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P05160 F13B    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P02671 FGA    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P02675 FGB    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P02679 FGG    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P05362 ICAM1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P11215 ITGAM    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P05106 ITGB3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P05154 SERPINA5    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02679 P04004 VTN    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:108557 BioGRID:108463 F13B    BioGRID  PubMed Co-purification 
    BioGRID:108557 BioGRID:108534 FGA    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108557 BioGRID:108535 FGB    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108557 BioGRID:108557 FGG    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108557 BioGRID:128436 KHDRBS2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:108557 BioGRID:122472 VKORC1    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    • Blood Clotting Cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Blood Clotting Cascade, organism-specific biosystemCoagulation is a complex process by which blood forms clots. It is an important part of hemostasis (the cessation of blood loss from a damaged vessel), wherein a damaged blood vessel wall is covered ...
    • Common Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Common Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe common pathway consists of the cascade of activation events leading from the formation of activated factor X to the formation of active thrombin, the cleavage of fibrinogen by thrombin, and the f...
    • Complement and coagulation cascades, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Complement and coagulation cascades, organism-specific biosystemThe complement system is a proteolytic cascade in blood plasma and a mediator of innate immunity, a nonspecific defense mechanism against pathogens. There are three pathways of complement activation:...
    • Complement and coagulation cascades, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Complement and coagulation cascades, conserved biosystemThe complement system is a proteolytic cascade in blood plasma and a mediator of innate immunity, a nonspecific defense mechanism against pathogens. There are three pathways of complement activation:...
    • Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade), organism-specific biosystemThe formation of a fibrin clot at the site of an injury to the wall of a normal blood vessel is an essential part of the process to stop blood loss after vascular injury. The reactions that lead to ...
    • GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Intergrins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Intergrins, organism-specific biosystemIntegrin signaling is linked to the MAP kinase pathway by recruiting Grb2 to the FADK1/SRC activation complex.
    • Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network, organism-specific biosystem
      Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network
    • Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystemHemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhe...
    • IL6-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
      IL6-mediated signaling events, organism-specific biosystem
      IL6-mediated signaling events
    • Integrin alphaIIb beta3 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Integrin alphaIIb beta3 signaling, organism-specific biosystemAt the sites of vascular injury bioactive molecules such as thrombin, ADP, collagen, fibrinogen and thrombospondin are generated, secreted or exposed. These stimuli activate platelets, converting the...
    • Integrin cell surface interactions, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Integrin cell surface interactions, organism-specific biosystemThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of macro-molecules that underlies all epithelia and endothelia and that surrounds all connective tissue cells. This matrix provides the mechanical strength...
    • Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation), organism-specific biosystemThe tethering of platelets to the site of vascular injury is the first step in the formation of a platelet thrombus. Firm adhesion of these tethered platelets, as well as the additional recruitment o...
    • Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelet activation begins with the initial binding of adhesive ligands and of the excitatory platelet agonists (released or generated at the sites of vascular trauma) to cognate receptors on the pla...
    • Platelet degranulation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet degranulation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelets function as exocytotic cells, secreting a plethora of effector molecules at sites of vascular injury. Platelets contain a number of distinguishable storage granules including alpha granules...
    • Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+, organism-specific biosystemActivation of phospholipase C enzymes results in the generation of second messengers of the phosphatidylinositol pathway. The events resulting from this pathway are a rise in intracellular calcium an...
    • Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystemSignal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals elicit changes in cell state and activity. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment by binding ligands, such a...
    • Staphylococcus aureus infection, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Staphylococcus aureus infection, organism-specific biosystemStaphylococcus aureus can cause multiple forms of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to food poisoning and life-threatening infections. The organism has several ways to divert the ef...
    • Staphylococcus aureus infection, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Staphylococcus aureus infection, conserved biosystemStaphylococcus aureus can cause multiple forms of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to food poisoning and life-threatening infections. The organism has several ways to divert the ef...
    • p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins, organism-specific biosystemIntegrin signaling is linked to the MAP kinase pathway by recruiting p130cas and Crk to the FAK/Src activation complex.

    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    eukaryotic cell surface binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    protein binding, bridging IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    receptor binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    blood coagulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    platelet activation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    platelet degranulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    protein polymerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to calcium ion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    blood microparticle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    cell cortex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    external side of plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    extracellular space IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    fibrinogen complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    platelet alpha granule IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    platelet alpha granule lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    Preferred Names
    fibrinogen gamma chain
    Names
    fibrinogen gamma chain
    fibrinogen, gamma polypeptide

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_008834.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..13617
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000509.4NP_000500.2  fibrinogen gamma chain isoform gamma-A precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (gamma-A) is the predominant transcript and is shorter than variant gamma-B. Variant gamma-A encodes isoform gamma-A, which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform gamma-B.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA936960, BC007044, BG567044
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47153.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P02679
      Related
      ENSP00000384860, OTTHUMP00000197057, ENST00000404648, OTTHUMT00000317580
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00087
      Location:174415
      Blast Score: 728
      FReD; Fibrinogen-related domains (FReDs); C terminal globular domain of fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is involved in blood clotting, being activated by thrombin to assemble into fibrin clots. The N-termini of 2 times 3 chains come together to form a globular ...
      pfam08702
      Location:29173
      Blast Score: 461
      Fib_alpha; Fibrinogen alpha/beta chain family
    2. NM_021870.2NP_068656.2  fibrinogen gamma chain isoform gamma-B precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (gamma-B) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (gamma-B).
      Source sequence(s)
      AI808530, AL531173, BC007044, BG567044
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3788.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P02679
      Related
      ENSP00000336829, OTTHUMP00000197058, ENST00000336098, OTTHUMT00000317581
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00087
      Location:174415
      Blast Score: 730
      FReD; Fibrinogen-related domains (FReDs); C terminal globular domain of fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is involved in blood clotting, being activated by thrombin to assemble into fibrin clots. The N-termini of 2 times 3 chains come together to form a globular ...
      pfam08702
      Location:29173
      Blast Score: 461
      Fib_alpha; Fibrinogen alpha/beta chain family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Homo sapiens Annotation Release 104

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p10 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000004.11 Reference GRCh37.p10 Primary Assembly

      Range
      155525286..155533902, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000136.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      151265862..151274478, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate CHM1_1.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_018915.1 Alternate CHM1_1.0

      Range
      155317816..155326432, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

      Supplemental Content

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