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    FGA fibrinogen alpha chain [ Homo sapiens ]

    Gene ID: 2243, updated on 20-May-2012

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    FGAprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    fibrinogen alpha chainprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:3661
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000171560; HPRD:00619; MIM:134820; Vega:OTTHUMG00000150330
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    Fib2; MGC119422; MGC119423; MGC119425
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene is the alpha component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including dysfibrinogenemia, hypofibrinogenemia, afibrinogenemia and renal amyloidosis. Alternative splicing results in two isoforms which vary in the carboxy-terminus. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

    Genomic context

    Location :
    4q28
    Sequence :
    Chromosome: 4; NC_000004.11 (155504280..155511897, complement)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase pseudogene Neighboring gene fibrinogen beta chain Neighboring gene fibrinogen gamma chain Neighboring gene lecithin retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine--retinol O-acyltransferase)

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description
    P02671 P33151 CDH5    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P00488 F13A1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P00734 F2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P02671 FGA    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P02675 FGB    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P02679 FGG    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P04196 HRG    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P08514 ITGA2B    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P05106 ITGB3    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P14543 NID1    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P00750 PLAT    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P48634 PRRC2A    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P05154 SERPINA5    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P08697 SERPINF2    HPRD  PubMed  
    P02671 P07996 THBS1    HPRD  PubMed  
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:107438 CDH5    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:108460 F13A1    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:108447 F2    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:108534 FGA    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:108535 FGB    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:108557 FGG    BioGRID  PubMed Co-crystal Structure 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:109509 HRG    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:128436 KHDRBS2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:122474 MIS12    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:110876 NID1    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:111343 PLAT    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:113646 PRRC2A    BioGRID  PubMed Two-hybrid 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:112497 SUMO2    BioGRID  PubMed Affinity Capture-MS 
    BioGRID:108534 BioGRID:112915 THBS1    BioGRID  PubMed Reconstituted Complex 

    General gene information

    Markers

    Homology

    Pathways from BioSystems

    • Amyloids, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Amyloids, organism-specific biosystemAmyloid is a term used to describe typically extracellular deposits of aggregated proteins, sometimes known as plaques. Abnormal accumulation of amyloid is amyloidosis, a term associated with disease...
    • Blood Clotting Cascade, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
      Blood Clotting Cascade, organism-specific biosystemCoagulation is a complex process by which blood forms clots. It is an important part of hemostasis (the cessation of blood loss from a damaged vessel), wherein a damaged blood vessel wall is covered ...
    • Common Pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Common Pathway, organism-specific biosystemThe common pathway consists of the cascade of activation events leading from the formation of activated factor X to the formation of active thrombin, the cleavage of fibrinogen by thrombin, and the f...
    • Complement and coagulation cascades, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
      Complement and coagulation cascades, organism-specific biosystemThe complement system is a proteolytic cascade in blood plasma and a mediator of innate immunity, a nonspecific defense mechanism against pathogens. There are three pathways of complement activation:...
    • Complement and coagulation cascades, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
      Complement and coagulation cascades, conserved biosystemThe complement system is a proteolytic cascade in blood plasma and a mediator of innate immunity, a nonspecific defense mechanism against pathogens. There are three pathways of complement activation:...
    • Disease, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Disease, organism-specific biosystemBiological processes are captured in Reactome by identifying the molecules (DNA, RNA, protein, small molecules) involved in them and describing the details of their interactions. From this molecular ...
    • Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade), organism-specific biosystemThe formation of a fibrin clot at the site of an injury to the wall of a normal blood vessel is an essential part of the process to stop blood loss after vascular injury. The reactions that lead to ...
    • GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Intergrins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Intergrins, organism-specific biosystemIntegrin signaling is linked to the MAP kinase pathway by recruiting Grb2 to the FADK1/SRC activation complex.
    • Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Hemostasis, organism-specific biosystemHemostasis is a physiological response that culminates in the arrest of bleeding from an injured vessel. Under normal conditions the vascular endothelium supports vasodilation, inhibits platelet adhe...
    • Integrin alphaIIb beta3 signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Integrin alphaIIb beta3 signaling, organism-specific biosystemAt the sites of vascular injury bioactive molecules such as thrombin, ADP, collagen, fibrinogen and thrombospondin are generated, secreted or exposed. These stimuli activate platelets, converting the...
    • Integrin cell surface interactions, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Integrin cell surface interactions, organism-specific biosystemThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of macro-molecules that underlies all epithelia and endothelia and that surrounds all connective tissue cells. This matrix provides the mechanical strength...
    • Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation), organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation), organism-specific biosystemThe tethering of platelets to the site of vascular injury is the first step in the formation of a platelet thrombus. Firm adhesion of these tethered platelets, as well as the additional recruitment o...
    • Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelet activation begins with the initial binding of adhesive ligands and of the excitatory platelet agonists (released or generated at the sites of vascular trauma) to cognate receptors on the pla...
    • Platelet degranulation, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Platelet degranulation, organism-specific biosystemPlatelets function as exocytotic cells, secreting a plethora of effector molecules at sites of vascular injury. Platelets contain a number of distinguishable storage granules including alpha granules...
    • Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+, organism-specific biosystemActivation of phospholipase C enzymes results in the generation of second messengers of the phosphatidylinositol pathway. The events resulting from this pathway are a rise in intracellular calcium an...
    • Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      Signal Transduction, organism-specific biosystemSignal transduction is a process in which extracellular signals elicit changes in cell state and activity. Transmembrane receptors sense changes in the cellular environment by binding ligands, such a...
    • p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
      p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins, organism-specific biosystemIntegrin signaling is linked to the MAP kinase pathway by recruiting p130cas and Crk to the FAK/Src activation complex.

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    eukaryotic cell surface binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    protein binding, bridging IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    receptor binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    blood coagulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    platelet activation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    platelet activation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    platelet degranulation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    protein polymerization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    response to calcium ion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    cell cortex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    external side of plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    extracellular region NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    extracellular space IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    fibrinogen complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    platelet alpha granule IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    platelet alpha granule lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    fibrinogen alpha chain
    Names
    fibrinogen alpha chain
    fibrinogen, A alpha polypeptide

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_008832.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..12618
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000508.3NP_000499.1  fibrinogen alpha chain isoform alpha-E preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (alpha-E) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (alpha-E).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC107385, BG565064, BQ064506, BX494953
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3787.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P02671
      Related
      ENSP00000306361, OTTHUMP00000197064, ENST00000302053, OTTHUMT00000317593
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00087
      Location:627863
      Blast Score: 760
      FReD; Fibrinogen-related domains (FReDs); C terminal globular domain of fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is involved in blood clotting, being activated by thrombin to assemble into fibrin clots. The N-termini of 2 times 3 chains come together to form a globular ...
      pfam08702
      Location:48186
      Blast Score: 482
      Fib_alpha; Fibrinogen alpha/beta chain family
      pfam12160
      Location:469510
      Blast Score: 171
      Fibrinogen_aC; Fibrinogen alpha C domain
    2. NM_021871.2NP_068657.1  fibrinogen alpha chain isoform alpha preproprotein

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (alpha) is alternatively spliced in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR, resulting in a shorter isoform (alpha) with a different carboxy-terminus compared to isoform alpha-E.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL531808, AL579998, BX494953, CB122305, CD608675, J00127
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS47152.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P02671
      Related
      ENSP00000385981, OTTHUMP00000197063, ENST00000403106, OTTHUMT00000317592
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam08702
      Location:48186
      Blast Score: 479
      Fib_alpha; Fibrinogen alpha/beta chain family
      pfam12160
      Location:469510
      Blast Score: 162
      Fibrinogen_aC; Fibrinogen alpha C domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000004.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

      Range
      155504280..155511897, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate HuRef

    Genomic

    1. AC_000136.1 Alternate HuRef

      Range
      151244861..151252473, complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

      Supplemental Content

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