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S spike protein [ Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus ]

Gene ID: 14254594, updated on 3-Mar-2024

Summary

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Gene symbol
S
Gene description
spike protein
Locus tag
G128_gp02
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
PROVISIONAL
Organism
Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (strain: HCoV-EMC, isolate: HCoV-EMC/2012, nat-host: Homo sapiens)
Lineage
Viruses; Riboviria; Orthornavirae; Pisuviricota; Pisoniviricetes; Nidovirales; Cornidovirineae; Coronaviridae; Orthocoronavirinae; Betacoronavirus; Merbecovirus
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Genomic context

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Sequence:
NC_019843.3 (21456..25517)

NC_019843.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene 1A polyprotein;1AB polyprotein Neighboring gene NS3 protein Neighboring gene NS4A protein Neighboring gene NS4B protein

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:
NC_019843.3

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. A Universal Design of Betacoronavirus Vaccines against COVID-19, MERS, and SARS. Dai L, et al. Cell, 2020 Aug 6. PMID 32645327, Free PMC Article
  2. Structures of MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein in complex with sialoside attachment receptors. Park YJ, et al. Nat Struct Mol Biol, 2019 Dec. PMID 31792450, Free PMC Article
  3. Spike proteins of novel MERS-coronavirus isolates from North- and West-African dromedary camels mediate robust viral entry into human target cells. Kleine-Weber H, et al. Virology, 2019 Sep. PMID 31357164, Free PMC Article
  4. Mutations in the Spike Protein of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmitted in Korea Increase Resistance to Antibody-Mediated Neutralization. Kleine-Weber H, et al. J Virol, 2019 Jan 15. PMID 30404801, Free PMC Article
  5. Identification and application of self-binding zipper-like sequences in SARS-CoV spike protein. Zhang SM, et al. Int J Biochem Cell Biol, 2018 Aug. PMID 29800727, Free PMC Article

See all (31) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Exploring the intrinsic dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein through normal mode analysis using anisotropic network model.
    Title: Exploring the intrinsic dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein through normal mode analysis using anisotropic network model.
  2. Here, the authors show that the spike (S) proteins of the prototypic Arabian MERS-CoV strain, human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012, and the above stated African MERS-CoV variants do not appreciably differ in expression, DPP4 binding and ability to drive entry into target cells.
    Title: Spike proteins of novel MERS-coronavirus isolates from North- and West-African dromedary camels mediate robust viral entry into human target cells.
  3. The cryo-EM structures of S in complex with 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid, 5-N-glycolyl neuraminic acid, sialyl-Lewis(X), alpha2,3-sialyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine and alpha2,6-sialyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine at 2.7-3.0 A resolution show that recognition occurs via a conserved groove that is essential for MERS-CoV S-mediated attachment to sialosides and entry into human airway epithelial cells.
    Title: Structures of MERS-CoV spike glycoprotein in complex with sialoside attachment receptors.
  4. Adaptive evolution of MERS-CoV spike protein to species variation in DPP4 has been reported.
    Title: Adaptive Evolution of MERS-CoV to Species Variation in DPP4.
  5. Study confirms that changes D510G and I529T reduce S protein binding to DPP4 but show that this reduction only translates into diminished viral entry when expression of DPP4 on target cells is low. These mutations increased resistance of S protein-driven entry to neutralization by monoclonal antibodies and sera from MERS patients.
    Title: Mutations in the Spike Protein of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmitted in Korea Increase Resistance to Antibody-Mediated Neutralization.
  6. Identification and application of self-binding zipper-like sequences in SARS-CoV spike protein has been reported.
    Title: Identification and application of self-binding zipper-like sequences in SARS-CoV spike protein.
  7. high-resolution structures of the trimeric MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV S proteins in its pre-fusion conformation by single particle cryo-electron microscopy, are reported.
    Title: Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains.
  8. the furin inhibitor dec-RVKR-CMK blocked entry of MERS-CoV harboring an S protein lacking furin cleavage sites; it even blocked entry into furin-deficient LoVo cells. In addition, dec-RVKR-CMK inhibited not only the enzymatic activity of furin but also those of cathepsin L, cathepsin B, trypsin, papain, and TMPRSS2.
    Title: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein Is Not Activated Directly by Cellular Furin during Viral Entry into Target Cells.
  9. MERS-CoV S protein binds to DPP4 to suppress macrophage activation via induction of IRAK-M, PPARgamma and the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10.
    Title: Middle east respiratory syndrome corona virus spike glycoprotein suppresses macrophage responses via DPP4-mediated induction of IRAK-M and PPARγ.
  10. the first structure of a coronavirus S glycoprotein trimer which provided a framework to understand the mechanisms of viral entry and suggested potential inhibition strategies for this family of viruses.
    Title: Crucial steps in the structure determination of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein using cryo-electron microscopy.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General protein information

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Preferred Names
spike protein
Names
surface glycoprotein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_019843.3 Reference assembly

    Range
    21456..25517
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. YP_009047204.1 spike protein [Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for YP_009047204.1

    Status: PROVISIONAL

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A7S5HFR5, A0A7S5LK20, K0BRG7, W5ZZF5, W6A028
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    cd21486
    Location:368 → 586
    human_MERS-CoV_Spike_S1_RBD; receptor-binding domain of the S1 subunit of the Spike (S) protein from human Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus
    cd21626
    Location:24 → 350
    MERS-CoV-like_Spike_S1_NTD; N-terminal domain of the S1 subunit of the Spike (S) protein from Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus and related betacoronaviruses in the C lineage
    cd22379
    Location:608 → 1294
    MERS-CoV-like_Spike_SD1-2_S1-S2_S2; SD-1 and SD-2 subdomains, the S1/S2 cleavage region, and the S2 fusion subunit of the spike (S) glycoprotein from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and related betacoronaviruses in the C lineage
    pfam19214
    Location:1316 → 1353
    CoV_S2_C; Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2, intravirion
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
AFS88936.1

Gene LinkOut

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