App amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein [Mus musculus] - Gene

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Summary

Official Symbol: Appprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: amyloid beta (A4) precursor proteinprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:88059
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000022892
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Sciurognathi; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Ag; Abpp; Adap; Cvap; Abeta; betaApp; E030013M08Rik

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Genomic context

Location :: 16 C3-qter; 16 56.0 cM

Sequence :: Chromosome: 16; NC_000082.6 (84954436..85173707, complement)

See App in Epigenomics, MapViewer

Chromosome 16 - NC_000082.6 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

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Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Genomic Sequence

Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

Go to reference sequence details

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Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

Increased MMP-2 expression induced by the interaction of Abeta with RAGE in BECs may contribute to enhanced vascular inflammatory stress in Abeta-related vascular disorders.
Title: The interaction of amyloid β and the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts induces matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in brain endothelial cells.
Biochemical inhibition of the acetyltransferases ATase1 and ATase2 reduces beta-secretase (BACE1) levels and Abeta generation.
Title: Biochemical inhibition of the acetyltransferases ATase1 and ATase2 reduces β-secretase (BACE1) levels and Aβ generation.
Pyroglutamate amyloid beta (Abeta) aggravates behavioral deficits in transgenic amyloid mouse model for Alzheimer disease.
Title: Pyroglutamate amyloid β (Aβ) aggravates behavioral deficits in transgenic amyloid mouse model for Alzheimer disease.
Abeta42 may increase the BACE1 level independently of either Cdk5 or caspase 3 and that Cdk5 inhibition for AD may cause BACE1 elevation, a potentially negative therapeutic outcome.
Title: Cdk5 protein inhibition and Aβ42 increase BACE1 protein level in primary neurons by a post-transcriptional mechanism: implications of CDK5 as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer disease.
alpha-Secretase-derived fragment of cellular prion, N1, protects against monomeric and oligomeric amyloid beta (Abeta)-associated cell death.
Title: α-Secretase-derived fragment of cellular prion, N1, protects against monomeric and oligomeric amyloid β (Aβ)-associated cell death.
Treatment with Val(8)GLP-1 might prevent or delay neurodegenerative processes.
Title: Val(8)GLP-1 rescues synaptic plasticity and reduces dense core plaques in APP/PS1 mice.
Importantly, DSP4 treatment also increased amyloid beta (Abeta) deposition in the olfactory bulb of APP/PS1 mice, which correlated with olfactory memory, not with discrimination deficits.
Title: Locus coeruleus degeneration exacerbates olfactory deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
Amyloid beta production/accumulation in the retina is common to different degenerative retinal pathologies.
Title: The role of amyloid-β in retinal degeneration.
MOCA is a key molecule of the Alzheimer disease-relevant neuronal death signals that links the presenilin-mediated death signal with the APP-mediated death signal at a point between Rac1 [or Cdc42 and ASK1.
Title: MOCA is an integrator of the neuronal death signals that are activated by familial Alzheimer's disease-related mutants of amyloid β precursor protein and presenilins.
These results indicate that 2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal inhibits neuroinflammatory reactions and amyloid-beta amyloidogenesis through inhibition of NF-kappaB and STAT3 activation.
Title: Inhibitory effect of a tyrosine-fructose Maillard reaction product, 2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal on amyloid-β generation and inflammatory reactions via inhibition of NF-κB and STAT3 activation in cultured astrocytes and microglial BV-2 cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all (342)

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Targeted (Floxed/Frt) (2) 1 citation
Targeted (knock-out) (7) 1 citation
Targeted (other) (1) 1 citation
Targeted (knock-in) (10) 1 citation

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Source	Pubs	Description
NP_031497.2	NP_034144.1	Dab1	BIND	PubMed	Dab1 interacts with APP.
NP_031497.2	NP_035292.2	Mapk8ip1	BIND	PubMed	JIP1b interacts with APP.
NP_031497.2	NP_068740.2	Mapk8ip2	BIND	PubMed	JIP2 interacts with APP.
NP_031497.2	NP_032630.2	Mme	BIND	PubMed	Mme interacts with Abeta40.
NP_031497.2	NP_032630.2	Mme	BIND	PubMed	Mme interacts with Abeta42.
BioGRID:198167	BioGRID:200935	Kif1a	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:198167	BioGRID:207969	Stub1	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:198167	BioGRID:204403	Ubc	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
PTB domain binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acetylcholine receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
growth factor receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
heparin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
peptidase activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
peptidase inhibitor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
transition metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
G2 phase of mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
Notch signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
adult locomotory behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
axon cargo transport	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info
axon cargo transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
NOT axon cargo transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
axon midline choice point recognition	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
axonogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
cell adhesion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cellular copper ion homeostasis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
cellular copper ion homeostasis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
collateral sprouting in absence of injury	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
dendrite development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
dendrite development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
endocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
extracellular matrix organization	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
forebrain development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
induction of apoptosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
locomotory behavior	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
mRNA polyadenylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
mating behavior	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
negative regulation of endopeptidase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
negative regulation of neuron differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
negative regulation of neuron differentiation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
negative regulation of peptidase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
neuromuscular process controlling balance	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
neuron apoptosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
neuron projection development	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
neuron remodeling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
positive regulation of peptidase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
protein phosphorylation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
regulation of gene expression	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
regulation of multicellular organism growth	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
regulation of synapse structure and activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
regulation of translation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
smooth endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
suckling behavior	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
visual learning	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
Golgi apparatus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
Golgi apparatus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
apical part of cell	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
cell surface	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
ciliary rootlet	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
coated pit	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
cytoplasmic vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
integral to membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
intracellular	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info
intracellular	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
membrane fraction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
neuromuscular junction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
neuron projection	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
spindle midzone	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
synaptosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

Preferred Names: amyloid beta A4 protein

Names: amyloid beta A4 protein; appican; protease nexin II; amyloidogenic glycoprotein; alzheimer disease amyloid A4 protein homolog

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NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001198823.1 → NP_001185752.1 amyloid beta A4 protein isoform 1 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AK128971, AK159718, BC070409, BP753972

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P12023

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TWF3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6GR78

Conserved Domains (8) summary

cd00109
Location:291 – 342
Blast Score: 222

KU; BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Structure is a disulfide rich alpha+beta fold. BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) is an extensively studied model structure.

pfam03494
Location:682 – 705
Blast Score: 112

Beta-APP; Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP)

smart00006
Location:24 – 188
Blast Score: 824

A4_EXTRA; amyloid A4

pfam10515
Location:724 – 766
Blast Score: 220

APP_amyloid; beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus

pfam02177
Location:30 – 131
Blast Score: 489

APP_N; Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding

pfam12924
Location:132 – 188
Blast Score: 302

APP_Cu_bd; Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD

pfam11740
Location:407 – 474
Blast Score: 85

KfrA_N; Plasmid replication region DNA-binding N-term

pfam12925
Location:365 – 549
Blast Score: 733

APP_E2; E2 domain of amyloid precursor protein
NM_001198824.1 → NP_001185753.1 amyloid beta A4 protein isoform 3 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK128971, AK133639, BC070409, BP753972

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6GR78

Conserved Domains (8) summary

cd00109
Location:291 – 342
Blast Score: 221

KU; BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Structure is a disulfide rich alpha+beta fold. BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) is an extensively studied model structure.

pfam03494
Location:663 – 686
Blast Score: 111

Beta-APP; Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP)

smart00006
Location:24 – 188
Blast Score: 822

A4_EXTRA; amyloid A4

pfam10515
Location:705 – 747
Blast Score: 220

APP_amyloid; beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus

pfam02177
Location:30 – 131
Blast Score: 488

APP_N; Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding

pfam12924
Location:132 – 188
Blast Score: 300

APP_Cu_bd; Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD

pfam11740
Location:388 – 455
Blast Score: 85

KfrA_N; Plasmid replication region DNA-binding N-term

pfam12925
Location:346 – 530
Blast Score: 735

APP_E2; E2 domain of amyloid precursor protein
NM_001198825.1 → NP_001185754.1 amyloid beta A4 protein isoform 5 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (5) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK128971, AK133639, BC070409, BP753972

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6GR78

Conserved Domains (8) summary

cd00109
Location:291 – 342
Blast Score: 219

KU; BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Structure is a disulfide rich alpha+beta fold. BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) is an extensively studied model structure.

pfam03494
Location:645 – 668
Blast Score: 111

Beta-APP; Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP)

smart00006
Location:24 – 188
Blast Score: 821

A4_EXTRA; amyloid A4

pfam10515
Location:687 – 729
Blast Score: 220

APP_amyloid; beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus

pfam02177
Location:30 – 131
Blast Score: 487

APP_N; Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding

pfam12924
Location:132 – 188
Blast Score: 299

APP_Cu_bd; Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD

pfam11740
Location:388 – 455
Blast Score: 86

KfrA_N; Plasmid replication region DNA-binding N-term

pfam12925
Location:346 – 530
Blast Score: 735

APP_E2; E2 domain of amyloid precursor protein
NM_001198826.1 → NP_001185755.1 amyloid beta A4 protein isoform 6 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (6) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK128971, AK159718, BC070409, BP753972

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3TWF3

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6GR78

Conserved Domains (8) summary

cd00109
Location:291 – 342
Blast Score: 221

KU; BPTI/Kunitz family of serine protease inhibitors; Structure is a disulfide rich alpha+beta fold. BPTI (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor) is an extensively studied model structure.

pfam03494
Location:664 – 687
Blast Score: 112

Beta-APP; Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP)

smart00006
Location:24 – 188
Blast Score: 822

A4_EXTRA; amyloid A4

pfam10515
Location:706 – 748
Blast Score: 220

APP_amyloid; beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus

pfam02177
Location:30 – 131
Blast Score: 488

APP_N; Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding

pfam12924
Location:132 – 188
Blast Score: 301

APP_Cu_bd; Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD

pfam11740
Location:407 – 474
Blast Score: 86

KfrA_N; Plasmid replication region DNA-binding N-term

pfam12925
Location:365 – 549
Blast Score: 733

APP_E2; E2 domain of amyloid precursor protein
NM_007471.3 → NP_031497.2 amyloid beta A4 protein isoform 2 precursor

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK128971, BC070409, BP753972

Consensus CDS

CCDS28285.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6GR78

Related

ENSMUSP00000005406, ENSMUST00000005406

Conserved Domains (6) summary

pfam03494
Location:607 – 630
Blast Score: 110

Beta-APP; Beta-amyloid peptide (beta-APP)

smart00006
Location:24 – 188
Blast Score: 832

A4_EXTRA; amyloid A4

pfam10515
Location:649 – 691
Blast Score: 217

APP_amyloid; beta-amyloid precursor protein C-terminus

pfam02177
Location:30 – 131
Blast Score: 493

APP_N; Amyloid A4 N-terminal heparin-binding

pfam12924
Location:132 – 188
Blast Score: 307

APP_Cu_bd; Copper-binding of amyloid precursor, CuBD

pfam12925
Location:294 – 474
Blast Score: 705

APP_E2; E2 domain of amyloid precursor protein

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 38.1

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm38 C57BL/6J

Genomic

NC_000082.6 Reference GRCm38 C57BL/6J

Range

84954436..85173707, complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate Mm_Celera

Genomic

AC_000038.1 Alternate Mm_Celera

Range

85161859..85382757, complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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Related Sequences

Nucleotide		Protein	Strain
Heading	Accession and Version	Protein	Strain
genomic	AC164302.2 (70465..177334)	None
genomic	AF056079.1	AAC63987.1	BALB/c
genomic	AY011334.1	AAG47369.1
genomic	CH466521.1	EDK98318.1	mixed
		EDK98319.1	mixed
genomic	CS448148.1	CAL69793.1
genomic	CS448170.1	CAL69797.1
genomic	CT010505.18 (96145..229345)	None
genomic	D10603.1	BAA01456.1	BALB/c
genomic	U82624.1	AAB40919.1	129/Sv
mRNA	AK029172.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK030583.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK052448.1	BAC34997.1	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK076506.1	BAC36369.1	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK086946.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK128971.1	None
mRNA	AK133639.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK147543.1	BAE27986.1	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK148439.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK159245.1	BAE34927.1	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK159352.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK159718.1	BAE35313.1	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK161854.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK161976.1	None	C57BL/6J
mRNA	AK190051.1	None
mRNA	AK190067.1	None
mRNA	AK190928.1	None
mRNA	AK191703.1	None
mRNA	AK191711.1	None
mRNA	AK192103.1	None
mRNA	AK192320.1	None
mRNA	AK192899.1	None
mRNA	AK192938.1	None
mRNA	AK194233.1	None
mRNA	AK194558.1	None
mRNA	AK194593.1	None
mRNA	AK194656.1	None
mRNA	AK197763.1	None
mRNA	AK198568.1	None
mRNA	AK199923.1	None
mRNA	AK200287.1	None
mRNA	AK200960.1	None
mRNA	AK201130.1	None
mRNA	AK202486.1	None
mRNA	AK202618.1	None
mRNA	AK203089.1	None
mRNA	AK208786.1	None
mRNA	AK209458.1	None
mRNA	AK210249.1	None
mRNA	AK211859.1	None
mRNA	AK213784.1	None
mRNA	AK216049.1	None
mRNA	AK216591.1	None
mRNA	AK218128.1	None
mRNA	AK218334.1	None
mRNA	AY267348.1	AAP23169.1	C57BL/6
mRNA	BC005490.1	AAH05490.1
mRNA	BC070409.1	AAH70409.1	C57BL/6
mRNA	BP753972.1	None	C57BL/6
mRNA	M18373.1	AAA37139.1
mRNA	M24397.1	AAA39929.1
mRNA	U84012.1	AAB41502.1	SAMP8
mRNA	X15210.1	CAA33280.1	CD-1
mRNA	X59379.1	None	BALB/c

Protein Accession	Links
Protein Accession	GenPept Link	UniProtKB Link
O88868	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:O88868
P12023.3	GenPept	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P12023
Q3TVS1	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q3TVS1
Q3TWF3	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q3TWF3
Q3TXI9	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q3TXI9
Q53ZT3	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q53ZT3
Q6GR78	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q6GR78
Q8BPC7	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q8BPC7
Q8BPV5	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q8BPV5
Q99NY7	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q99NY7
Q9QX46	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q9QX46