TUBB4B tubulin, beta 4B class IVb [Homo sapiens] - Gene

Help top of page

Summary

Official Symbol: TUBB4Bprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: tubulin, beta 4B class IVbprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:20771
Locus tag: RP13-122B23.2
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000188229; HPRD:04043; MIM:602660; Vega:OTTHUMG00000131783
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: Beta2; TUBB2; TUBB2C

Help top of page

Genomic context

Location :: 9q34

Sequence :: Chromosome: 9; NC_000009.11 (140135711..140138159)

See TUBB4B in Epigenomics, MapViewer

Chromosome 9 - NC_000009.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Help top of page

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Genomic Sequence

Go to nucleotideGraphics FASTA GenBank

Go to reference sequence details

Help top of page

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions What's a GeneRIF?

A protein encoded by this locus was found to be differentially expressed in postmortem brains from patients with atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Title: Proteomic analysis identifies dysfunction in cellular transport, energy, and protein metabolism in different brain regions of atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Data suggest that increased expression of hnRNP A1, Ezrin, tubulin beta-2C and Annexin A1 in SLNMM indicate a significantly elevated early colorectal cancer metastasis.
Title: Up-regulation of hnRNP A1, Ezrin, tubulin β-2C and Annexin A1 in sentinel lymph nodes of colorectal cancer.
Studies show that BFBTS bound and modified beta-tubulin at residue Cys12, forming beta-tubulin-SS-fluorobenzyl.
Title: Natural product derivative Bis(4-fluorobenzyl)trisulfide inhibits tumor growth by modification of beta-tubulin at Cys 12 and suppression of microtubule dynamics.
Annexin II and beta(2)-tubulin down-regulation is important in nasopharyngeal carcinoma formation and may represent potential targets for further investigations.
Title: Proteomic comparison of nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines C666-1 and NP69 identifies down-regulation of annexin II and beta2-tubulin for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Normal and tumor breast tissues, before chemotherapy or radiation treatment, have broad distributions of beta-tubulin isotypes; furthermore, beta class II tubulin predominates in most breast tissues.
Title: Beta class II tubulin predominates in normal and tumor breast tissues.
transformation may lead to localization of beta(II)-tubulin in cell nuclei, serving an as yet unknown function, and that nuclear beta(II) may be a useful marker for detection of tumor cells
Title: Occurrence of nuclear beta(II)-tubulin in cultured cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Help top of page

Phenotypes

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Help top of page

HIV-1 protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Rev	rev	Rev acts to depolymerize microtubules that are formed by tubulin, an effect that is observed during HIV-1 infection	PubMed
Tat	tat	In Jurkat cells expressing HIV-1 Tat, decreased expression levels are found for basic cytoskeletal proteins such as actin, beta-tubulin, annexin, cofilin, gelsolin, and Rac/Rho-GDI complex	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat (amino acids 36-39) binds tubulin alpha/beta dimers and polymerized microtubules leading to the alteration of microtubule dynamics and activation of a mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway that is facilitated by the Bcl-2 relative Bim	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat (specifically, amino acids 38-72), enhances tubulin polymerization and triggers the mitochondrial pathway to induce T cell apoptosis as shown in vitro by the release of cytochrome c from isolated mitochondria	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Protein Interaction Database

Help top of page

Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Source	Pubs	Description
P68371	P36957	DLST	HPRD	PubMed
P68371	Q06323	PSME1	HPRD	PubMed
P68371	O14544	SOCS6	HPRD	PubMed
P68371	O14512	SOCS7	HPRD	PubMed
P68371	P23258	TUBG1	HPRD	PubMed
P68371	O43261		HPRD	PubMed
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:121497	AICDA	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:107459	CDK9	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:107463	CDKN2A	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:115589	DLEU1	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:108087	DLST	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:128177	EIF2C3	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:128178	EIF2C4	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:115331	HDAC5	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:110411	MGMT	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:111692	PSME1	BioGRID	PubMed	Two-hybrid
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:111822	RAD21	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-Western
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:114719	SOCS6	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:112497	SUMO2	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:113164	UBC	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS
BioGRID:115656	BioGRID:113269	VHL	BioGRID	PubMed	Affinity Capture-MS

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
GTPase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
MHC class I protein binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
nucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
structural molecule activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
unfolded protein binding	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
'de novo' posttranslational protein folding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
cellular component movement	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
cellular protein metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
microtubule-based movement	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
mitotic cell cycle	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
protein folding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
protein polymerization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
microtubule	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

Preferred Names: tubulin beta-4B chain

Names: tubulin beta-4B chain; tubulin, beta 2C; tubulin, beta, 2; tubulin beta-2 chain; tubulin beta-2C chain; class IVb beta tubulin; class IVb beta-tubulin

Help top of page

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_006088.5 → NP_006079.1 tubulin beta-4B chain

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

BC004188, CB139156

Consensus CDS

CCDS7039.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P68371

Related

ENSP00000341289, OTTHUMP00000162590, ENST00000340384, OTTHUMT00000254715

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd02187
Location:2 – 426
Blast Score: 2460

beta_tubulin; The tubulin superfamily includes five distinct families, the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, and epsilon-tubulins and a sixth family (zeta-tubulin) which is present only in kinetoplastid protozoa. The alpha- and beta-tubulins are the major components of ...

PLN00220
Location:1 – 427
Blast Score: 2371

PLN00220; tubulin beta chain; Provisional

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: Build 37.3

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000009.11 Reference GRCh37.p5 Primary Assembly

Range

140135711..140138159

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate HuRef

Genomic

AC_000141.1 Alternate HuRef

Range

109595024..109597472

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Help top of page

Related Sequences

Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version	Protein
genomic	BX255925.17	CAM24148.1
genomic	CH471090.1	EAW88368.1
		EAW88369.1
		EAW88370.1
genomic	X02344.1	CAA26203.1
mRNA	AK000560.1	None
mRNA	AK021414.1	BAG51031.1
mRNA	AK026167.1	None
mRNA	AK026594.1	None
mRNA	AK026609.1	None
mRNA	AK098686.1	None
mRNA	AK298087.1	BAG60373.1
mRNA	AY167990.1	AAN87335.1
mRNA	BC001911.1	AAH01911.1
mRNA	BC002783.1	AAH02783.1
mRNA	BC002885.2	AAH02885.1
mRNA	BC004188.2	AAH04188.1
mRNA	BC007889.2	AAH07889.1
mRNA	BC008006.1	AAH08006.1
mRNA	BC012835.2	AAH12835.1
mRNA	BC019359.1	AAH19359.1
mRNA	BC019829.1	AAH19829.1
mRNA	BC024038.1	AAH24038.1
mRNA	BC029529.1	AAH29529.1
mRNA	BC039175.1	AAH39175.1
mRNA	BC071889.1	AAH71889.1
mRNA	BX648521.1	None
mRNA	CB139156.1	None
other-genetic	HQ447292.1	ADQ31779.1

Protein Accession	Links
Protein Accession	GenPept Link	UniProtKB Link
P68371.1	GenPept	UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P68371
Q8IWP6	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q8IWP6
Q8IZ29	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q8IZ29
Q8N6N5	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q8N6N5
Q96HX0	GenPept	UniProtKB/TrEMBL:Q96HX0