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An Introduction to Genetic Analysis
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An Introduction to Genetic Analysis
7th
Anthony J F
Griffiths
,
1
Jeffrey H
Miller
,
2
David T
Suzuki
,
1
Richard C
Lewontin
,
3
and
William M
Gelbart
3
1
University of British Columbia
2
University of California, Los Angeles
3
Harvard University
W. H. Freeman and Company
0-7167-3520-2
2000
© 2000
W. H. Freeman and Company
genetics
molecular biology
Table of Contents
Book Information
Preface
Chapter 1 Genetics and the Organism
Introduction
Genes as determinants of the inherent properties of species
Genetic variation
Methodologies used in genetics
Genes, the environment, and the organism
Summary
Concept Map
Problems
Chapter 2 Patterns of Inheritance
Introduction
Mendel’s experiments
Using genetic ratios
Sex chromosomes and sex-linked inheritance
Human genetics
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 3 Chromosomal Basis of Heredity
Introduction
Historical development of the chromosome theory
Mendelian genetics in eukaryotic life cycles
Topography of the chromosome set
Three-dimensional structure of chromosomes
Sequence organization
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 4 Gene Interaction
Introduction
From genes to phenotypes
A diagnostic test for alleles
Interactions between the alleles of one gene
Gene interaction and modified dihybrid ratios
Gene interaction in petal color of foxgloves
Gene interaction in coat color of mammals
Penetrance and expressivity
Chi-square test
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 5 Basic Eukaryotic Chromosome Mapping
Introduction
The discovery of linkage
Recombination
Linkage symbolism
Linkage of genes on the X chromosome
Linkage maps
Three-point testcross
Interference
Calculating recombinant frequencies from selfed dihybrids
Examples of linkage maps
Chi-square test for linkage
Mapping with molecular markers
Linkage mapping by recombination in humans
Nature of crossing-over
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 6 Specialized Eukaryotic Chromosome Mapping Techniques
Introduction
Accurate calculation of large map distances
Analysis of single meioses
Mapping genes by mitotic segregation and recombination
Mapping by in situ hybridization
Mapping human genes by using human–rodent somatic cell hybrids
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 7 Gene Transfer in Bacteria and Their Viruses
Introduction
Working with microorganisms
Bacterial conjugation
Bacterial transformation
Bacteriophage genetics
Transduction
Chromosome mapping
Bacterial gene transfer in review
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 8 The Structure and Replication of DNA
Introduction
DNA: The genetic material
Structure of DNA
Replication of DNA
Mechanism of DNA replication
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 9 Genetics of DNA Function
Introduction
How genes work
Gene-protein relations
Genetic fine structure
Mutational sites
Complementation
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 10 Molecular Biology of Gene Function
Introduction
Properties of RNA
Transcription
Transcription and RNA polymerase
Eukaryotic RNA
Translation
Genetic code
Protein synthesis
Universality of genetic information transfer
Functional division of labor in the gene set
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 11 Regulation of Gene Transcription
Introduction
Basic control circuits
Discovery of the lac system: negative control
Catabolite repression of the lac operon: positive control
Positive and negative control
Dual positive and negative control: the arabinose operon
Metabolic pathways
Additional examples of control: attenuation
Lambda phage: a complex of operons
Transcription: an overview of gene regulation in eukaryotes
Regulation of transcription factors
Epigenetic inheritance
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 12 Recombinant DNA Technology
Introduction
Making recombinant DNA
Cloning a specific gene
Using cloned DNA
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problem
Problems
Chapter 13 Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology
Introduction
In vitro mutagenesis
RFLP mapping
Reverse genetics
Expressing eukaryotic genes in bacteria
Recombinant DNA technology in eukaryotes
Gene therapy
Using recombinant DNA to detect disease alleles directly
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 14 Genomics
Introduction
Genomics: an overview
Genome projects: practical considerations
Structural genomics
Functional genomics
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 15 Gene Mutation
Introduction
How DNA changes affect phenotype
Somatic versus germinal mutation
Mutant types
Occurrence of mutations
Selective systems
Mutation induction
Mutation and cancer
Mutagens in genetic dissection
Mutation breeding
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 16 Mechanisms of Gene Mutation
Introduction
Molecular basis of gene mutations
Spontaneous mutations
Induced mutations
Reversion analysis
Relation between mutagens and carcinogens
Biological repair mechanisms
Repair defects and human diseases
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problem
Problems
Chapter 17 Chromosome Mutation I: Changes in Chromosome Structure
Introduction
Origin of changes in chromosome structure
Deletions
Duplications
Inversions
Translocations
Diagnosis of rearrangements by tetrad analysis
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 18 Chromosome Mutation II: Changes in Chromosome Number
Introduction
Aberrant euploidy
Aneuploidy
Mechanisms of gene imbalance
Chromosome mechanics in plant breeding
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 19 Mechanisms of Recombination
Introduction
Breakage and reunion of DNA molecules
Chiasmata: the crossover points
Genetic results leading to recombination models
Holliday model
Enzymatic mechanism of recombination
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 20 Transposable Genetic Elements
Introduction
Controlling elements in maize
Bacterial insertion sequences
Prokaryotic transposons
Mechanism of transposition in prokaryotes
Review of transposable elements in prokaryotes
Molecular nature of transposable elements in eukaryotes
Review of transposable elements in eukaryotes
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problem
Problems
Chapter 21 Extranuclear Genes
Introduction
Origin of extranuclear genes
Structure of organelle chromosomes
Organelle mutations
Inheritance of organelle genes and mutations
Recombination of extranuclear DNA
Cytoplasmic male sterility
Mitochondria and aging
Summary
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 22 Cancer as a Genetic Disease
Introduction
Cancer and the control of cell number: an overview
Cell proliferation machinery
Machinery for programmed cell death
Controlling the cell-proliferation and death machinery
Cancer: the genetics of aberrant cell control
Cancer research in the genomic analysis era
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 23 Developmental Genetics
Introduction
Central themes of developmental genetics
Gene regulation at levels other than transcription initiation: examples
Binary fate decisions: pathways of sex determination
Drosophila sex determination: every cell for itself
Sex determination in mammals: coordinated control by the endocrine system
Binary fate decisions: the germ line versus the soma
Forming complex pattern: establishing positional information
Forming complex pattern: utilizing positional information to establish cell fates
Additional aspects of pattern formation
The many parallels in vertebrate and insect pattern formation
Do the lessons of animal development apply to plants?
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 24 Population Genetics
Introduction
Variation and its modulation
Effect of sexual reproduction on variation
Sources of variation
Selection
Balanced polymorphism
Artificial selection
Random events
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 25 Quantitative Genetics
Introduction
Some basic statistical notions
Genotypes and phenotypic distribution
Norm of reaction and phenotypic distribution
Determining norms of reaction
Heritability of a trait
Quantifying heritability
Locating the genes
More on analyzing variance
Summary
Concept Map
Statistical Appendix
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Chapter 26 Evolutionary Genetics
Introduction
A synthesis of forces: variation and divergence of populations
Multiple adaptive peaks
Heritability of variation
Observed variation within and between populations
Process of speciation
Origin of new genes
Rate of molecular evolution
Summary
Concept Map
Chapter Integration Problem
Solved Problems
Problems
Appendices
Genetic nomenclature
Further Readings
Glossary
Copyright © 2000
W. H. Freeman and Company
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